{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T06:54:10Z","timestamp":1766991250914,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"AVES YAYINCILIK A.\u015e.","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Aims: Soluble Tim-3 (sTim-3) has been implicated in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), an autoimmune liver disease, though its clinical significance remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between sTim-3, Galectin-9, and cytokines in PBC, as well as their potential prognostic utility.\nMaterials and Methods: A total of 55 PBC patients were enrolled (45 without overlapping conditions) and serum levels of sTim-3, Galectin-9, and 18 cytokines\/chemokines were measured. Disease severity was assessed using the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), MELD-Na, and Mayo risk score (MRS) 1994, alongside fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR). Patients were stratified by fibrosis stage, cirrhosis status, Child-Pugh score, and treatment duration, with intergroup parameter comparisons performed. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression identified potential risk factors for MRS1994, followed by multivariate linear regression analysis.\nResults: Compared to healthy controls, PBC patients exhibited elevated sTim-3 and reduced Galectin-9, though neither biomarker cor related with clinical parameters. Advanced disease stages were associated with increased MLR, interferon-gamma (IFN-\u03b3), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, C-C motif chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), CCL20, and C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1). The MELD\/MELD-Na scores strongly correlated with IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, IFN-\u03b3, CCL3, and CCL20, while IL-6 and CX3CL1 linked to FIB-4 index. Multivariate analysis identi fied MLR, albumin\/globulin (A\/G) ratio, TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, and CX3CL1 as independent predictors of MRS1994.\nConclusion: Although sTim-3 and Galectin-9 dysregulation lacked direct clinical relevance, MLR, A\/G ratio, cirrhosis status, and inflam matory markers (TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, CX3CL1) emerged as robust predictors of disease severity (MELD) and prognosis (MRS1994), highlighting their potential for non-invasive risk stratification in PBC.\n\u00a0\nCite this article as: Xu J, Ma H, Dang F, et al. Elevated serum soluble tim-3 in primary biliary cholangitis: lack of correlation with cytokines, chemokines, and clinical parameters. Turk J Gastroenterol. 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