{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,6]],"date-time":"2022-04-06T00:08:11Z","timestamp":1649203691570},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Universa BV","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AGEB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and study aims: Hypoxic hepatitis (HH) is an acute liver injury that develops in patients with underlying diseases, such as heart failure, respiratory failure, septic\/toxic shock. However, some patients do not have underlying diseases or episodes which are known to result in HH. Here, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of this particular patient group (called \u2018unknown HH\u2019 hereafter) to understand its pathogenesis.\n\nPatients and methods: Between October 2010 and January 2016, 157 consecutive patients with acute liver injury were admitted to our hospital. Among these patients, 15 patients were categorized as unknown HH. Medical histories and blood test results of unknown HH were analyzed.\n\nResults: Among 15 patients of unknown HH, 11 were habitual drinkers and all experienced one of digestive symptoms which might result in mild hypovolemia such as vomiting, diarrhea, appetite loss, and epigastralgia. All patients of unknown HH presented marked elevation of serum ferritin concentration paralleled with aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentrations. The serum levels of ferritin, ALT, LDH, and prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) were rapidly decreased during hospitalization and all 15 patients of unknown HH recovered without any complication.\n\nConclusions: We found the particular group of HH with marked elevation of serum ferritin probably due to intrahepatic macrophage activation. Anti-inflammatory treatments might be effective for this group of hypoxic hepatitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.51821\/84.2.317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T00:01:34Z","timestamp":1627603294000},"page":"317-320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hypoxic hepatitis with marked elevation of serum ferritin probably due to activation of intrahepatic macrophages: another form of hypoxic hepatitis hitherto not reported?"],"prefix":"10.51821","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Goya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Imoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Kurokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Tashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Kuwano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Kohjima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Kotoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"27062","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HENRION J. Hypoxic hepatitis. Liver Int. 2012, 32(7) : 1039-1052.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2011.02655.x"},{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"WASEEM  N.,  CHEN  P.H.  Hypoxic  Hepatitis  :    A  Review  and  Clinical  Update. J. Cli. Transl. Hepatol. 2016, 4(3) : 263-268."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"HENRION J., SCHAPIRA M., LUWAERT R., COLIN L., DELANNOY A., HELLER  F.R.  Hypoxic  hepatitis  :    clinical  and  hemodynamic  study  in  142  consecutive cases. Medicine (Baltimore). 2003, 82(6) : 392-406.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000101573.54295.bd"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"BIRRER  R.,  TAKUDA  Y.,  TAKARA  T.  Hypoxic  hepatopathy  :  pathophy-siology and prognosis. Intern. Med. 2007, 46(14) : 1063-1070.","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.46.0059"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"FUHRMANN V., KNEIDINGER N., HERKNER H., HEINZ G., NIKFARDJAM M., BOJIC  A., et al. Hypoxic hepatitis :  underlying conditions  and  risk  factors  for  mortality  in  critically  ill  patients.  Intensive Care Med. 2009, 35(8) : 1397-1405.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-009-1508-2"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"RAURICH  J.M.,  LLOMPART-POU  J.A.,  FERRERUELA  M.,  COLOMAR  A., MOLINA M., ROYO C., et al. Hypoxic hepatitis in critically ill patients :  incidence, etiology and risk factors for mortality. J. Anesth. 2011, 25(1) : 50-56.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-010-1058-3"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"LIANG R., LIU A., PERUMPAIL R.B., WONG R.J., AHMED A. Advances in alcoholic liver disease :  An update on alcoholic hepatitis. World J. Gastroenterol. 2015, 21(42) : 11893-11903.","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i42.11893"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"GONZ LEZ-REIMERS E., SANTOLARIA-FERN NDEZ F., MART N-GONZ LEZ M.C., FERN NDEZ-RODR GUEZ C.M., QUINTERO-PLATT  G. Alcoholism :  a  systemic  proinflammatory  condition.  World  J.  Gastroenterol. 2014, 20(40) : 14660-14671."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"STRIPPOLI  R.,  CARVELLO  F.,  SCIANARO  R.,  DE  PASQUALE  L.,  VIVARELLI M., PETRINI S., et al. Amplification of the response to Toll-like receptor ligands by prolonged exposure to interleukin-6 in mice :  implication for  the  pathogenesis  of  macrophage  activation  syndrome.  Arthritis  Rheum. 2012, 64(5) : 1680-1688.","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33496"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"GLASS  C.K.,  NATOLI  G.  Molecular  control  of  activation  and  priming  in  macrophages. Nat. Immunol. 2016, 17(1) : 26-33.","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3306"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"SCHWEIZER M., GOEDE J.S., BRINER V. Patients with an extraordinarily elevated  serum  ferritin  :    think  of  haemophagocytic  lymphohistiocytosis. Swiss Med. Wkly. 2015, 145 : w14152.","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2015.14152"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"KATO J., OKAMOTO T., MOTOYAMA H., UCHIYAMA R., KIRCHHOFER D.,  VAN  ROOIJEN  N.,  et  al.  Interferon-gamma-mediated  tissue  factor  expression  contributes  to  T-cell-mediated  hepatitis  through  induction  of  hypercoagulation in mice. Hepatology. 2013, 57(1) : 362-372.","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26027"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"TANAKA  M.,  TANAKA  K.,  MASAKI  Y.,  MIYAZAKI  M.,  KATO  M.,  KOTOH K., et al. Intrahepatic microcirculatory disorder, parenchymal hypoxia  and  NOX4  upregulation  result  in  zonal  differences  in  hepatocyte  apoptosis following lipopolysaccharide- and D-galactosamine-induced acute liver failure in rats. Int. J. Mol. Med. 2014, 33(2) : 254-262.","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2013.1573"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KOTOH K., KATO M., KOHJIMA M., NAKAMUTA M., ENJOJI M. A new treatment strategy for acute liver failure. World J. Hepatol. 2010, 2(11) : 395-400.","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v2.i11.395"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"KOTOH  K.,  KATO  M.,  KOHJIMA  M.,  TANAKA  M.,  MIYAZAKI  M.,  NAKAMURA K., et al. Lactate dehydrogenase production in hepatocytes is increased at an early stage of acute liver failure. Exp. Ther. Med. 2011, 2(2) : 195-199.","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2011.197"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"SHIBAYAMA Y., URANO T., ASAKA S., HASHIMOTO K., NAKATA K. Pathogenesis  of centrilobular  necrosis  following  congestion  of  the  liver.  J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 1993, 8(6) : 530-534.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1993.tb01647.x"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"PAPILLARD-MARECHAL S., SZNAJDER M., HURTADO-NEDELEC M., ALIBAY Y., MARTIN-SCHMITT C., DEHOUX M., et al. Iron metabolism in patients with anorexia nervosa :  elevated serum hepcidin concentrations in the absence of inflammation. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2012, 95(3) : 548-554.","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.025817"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ANDERSON  G.J.,  FRAZER  D.M.  Current  understanding  of  iron  homeo-stasis. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2017, 106(Suppl 6) : 1559s-1566s.","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.155804"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"KHELOUFI  M.,  BOULANGER  C.M.,  DURAND  F.,  RAUTOU  P.E.  Liver  autophagy in an nervosa and acute liver injury. Biomed. Res. Int. 2014, 2014 : 701064.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/701064"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"DI  PASCOLI  L.,  LION  A.,  MILAZZO  D.,  CAREGARO  L.  Acute  liver  damage in anorexia nervosa. Int. J. Eat Disord. 2004, 36(1) : 114-117.","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20002"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"DE CAPRIO C., ALFANO A., SENATORE I., ZARRELLA L., PASANISI F., CONTALDO F. Severe acute liver damage in anorexia nervosa :  two case reports. Nutrition. 2006, 22(5) : 572-575.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2006.01.003"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"RAMSOEKH  D.,  TAIMR  P.,  VANWOLLEGHEM  T.  Reversible  severe  hepatitis in anorexia nervosa : a case report and overview. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2014, 26(4) : 473-477","DOI":"10.1097\/meg.0000000000000030"}],"container-title":["Acta Gastro Enterologica Belgica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T12:45:34Z","timestamp":1627649134000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ageb.be\/ageb-journal\/ageb-volume\/ageb-article\/1906\/Hypoxic%20hepatitis%20with%20marked%20elevation%20of%20serum%20ferritin%20probably%20due%20to%20activationof%20intrahepatic%20macrophages:%20another%20form%20of%20hypoxic%20hepatitis%20hithertonot%20reported\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.51821\/84.2.317","relation":{},"ISSN":["1784-3227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1784-3227","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}}}