{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:55:41Z","timestamp":1790909741565,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","award":["2021R1A6A3A01087326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A6A3A01087326"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"DSM Nutrition Korea Ltd."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ejast.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Anim Sci Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The addition of dietary proteases (PRO) to weaner diets hydrolyzes soybean-based\n                    anti-nutritive factors and improves weaned pig\u2019s dietary digestibility\n                    and growth performance. Therefore, this study explores the effects of PRO in a\n                    lower crude protein (CP) level diet than that in a commercial diet on the growth\n                    performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal morphology of weaned pigs. A\n                    total of 90 weaned pigs were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments with 6\n                    pigs per pen and 5 replicated pens per treatment using a randomized complete\n                    block design (block = body weight [BW]): 1) a commercial weaner diet as a\n                    positive control (PC; phase1 CP = 23.71%; phase2 CP: 22.36%), 2) lower CP diet\n                    than PC as a negative control (NC; 0.61% less CP than PC), and 3) an NC diet\n                    with 0.02% PRO. Pigs fed PC and PRO had higher (p &lt;\n                    0.05) final BW, average daily gain, and\/or gain to feed ratio for the first\n                    three weeks and the overall experimental period than NC. The PC and PRO groups\n                    had greater (p &lt; 0.05) apparent ileal digestibility of\n                    dry matter, CP, and energy than the NC group. Moreover, pigs fed PC and PRO\n                    increased (p &lt; 0.05) apparent total tract digestibility\n                    of CP compared with those fed NC. In addition, the PRO group had a higher number\n                    of goblet cells than the PC and NC groups. However, pig fed PC and PRO increased\n                        (p &lt; 0.05) villus height and height to crypt depth\n                    ratio in the ileum compared with those fed NC. In conclusion, PRO\n                    supplementation in a commercial weaner diet with low CP levels improves growth\n                    rate and nutrient digestibility by modulating the intestinal morphology of\n                    weaned pigs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5187\/jast.2022.e28","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T04:32:51Z","timestamp":1652157171000},"page":"462-470","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5187\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Effects of dietary protease supplementation on growth rate, nutrient\n                    digestibility, and intestinal morphology of weaned pigs"],"prefix":"10.5187","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4515-5212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minho","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0227as991","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4651-6857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byeonghyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0227as991","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7151-0778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin Ho","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02wnxgj78","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Food and Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5742-5374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyunjin","family":"Kyoung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0227as991","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2288-1374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangwoo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0227as991","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7067-1841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jee-Yeon","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DSM Nutrition Korea Ltd., Seoul 06675, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3590-3993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyeong II","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0227as991","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1366-6090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyeun Bum","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/058pdbn81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3455-0102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong Jae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0227as991","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/040c17130","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3132","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gfs.2019.100330","article-title":"The battle for biomass: a systematic review of food-feed-fuel\n                        competition","volume":"25","author":"Muscat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Glob Food Secur."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11081825","article-title":"The role of the anabolic properties of plant- versus animal-based\n                        protein sources in supporting muscle mass maintenance: a critical\n                        review","volume":"11","author":"Berrazaga","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7010019","article-title":"Microbial fermentation of dietary protein: an important factor in\n                        diet\u2013microbe\u2013host interaction","volume":"7","author":"Diether","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2016.1148559","article-title":"Effects of soybean antigen proteins on intestinal permeability,\n                        5-hydroxytryptamine levels and secretory IgA distribution in the intestine\n                        of weaned piglets","volume":"15","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ital J Anim Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.5187\/jast.2020.62.1.21","article-title":"Dietary protease improves growth performance, nutrient\n                        digestibility, and intestinal morphology of weaned pigs","volume":"62","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Technol."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2011.10205","article-title":"Effect of feeding enzymolytic soybean meal on performance,\n                        digestion and immunity of weaned pigs","volume":"24","author":"Zhou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian-Australas J Anim Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2015.10.003","article-title":"Effect of dietary supplementation with protease on growth\n                        performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, digestive\n                        enzymes and gene expression of weaned piglets","volume":"1","author":"Zuo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anim Nutr."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2020.114502","article-title":"Efficacy of a mono-component protease is affected by trypsin\n                        inhibitor concentration in soybean meal","volume":"265","author":"Wedekind","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anim Feed Sci Technol."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.5187\/jast.2020.62.2.174","article-title":"Effects of dietary protease on immune responses of weaned\n                        pigs","volume":"62","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Technol."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2967","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2014-8820","article-title":"Spray-dried chicken plasma improves intestinal digestive function\n                        and regulates intestinal selected microflora in weaning\n                        piglets","volume":"93","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Anim Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.5187\/jast.2020.62.3.313","article-title":"Dietary protease improves growth rate and protein digestibility\n                        of growing-finishing pigs","volume":"62","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Technol."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B12","volume-title":"Nutrient requirements of swine","author":"NRC [National Research Council]","year":"2012","edition":"11th rev. ed"},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s40781-018-0169-5","article-title":"Dietary spray-dried plasma improves intestinal morphology of\n                        mated female mice under stress condition","volume":"60","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Technol."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B14","volume-title":"Official methods of analysis of AOAC international","author":"AOAC [Association of Official Analytical Chemists]\n                            International","year":"2019","edition":"21st ed"},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2005-742","article-title":"Invited review: amino acid bioavailability and digestibility in\n                        pig feed ingredients: terminology and application","volume":"85","author":"Stein","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Anim Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-1891-4-19","article-title":"The biological stress of early weaned piglets","volume":"4","author":"Campbell","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Biotechnol."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2017.06.003","article-title":"Weaning stress and gastrointestinal barrier development:\n                        implications for lifelong gut health in pigs","volume":"3","author":"Moeser","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anim Nutr."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2017.12.004","article-title":"Gastrointestinal tract (gut) health in the young\n                        pig","volume":"4","author":"Pluske","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anim Nutr."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2019.00046","article-title":"Nutritional intervention for the intestinal development and\n                        health of weaned pigs","volume":"6","author":"Xiong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/129.3.613","article-title":"Weaning anorexia may contribute to local inflammation in the\n                        piglet small intestine","volume":"129","author":"McCracken","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19910078","article-title":"Digestive development of the early-weaned pig: 1. effect of\n                        continuous nutrient supply on the development of the digestive tract and on\n                        changes in digestive enzyme activity during the first week\n                        post-weaning","volume":"65","author":"Kelly","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.5187\/jast.2019.61.6.359","article-title":"Effects of dietary carbohydrases on productive performance and\n                        immune responses of lactating sows and their piglets","volume":"61","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Technol."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2013-6672","article-title":"Effects of dietary supplementation of multi-enzyme on growth\n                        performance, nutrient digestibility, small intestinal digestive enzyme\n                        activities, and large intestinal selected microbiota in weanling\n                        pigs","volume":"92","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Anim Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2011.11132","article-title":"Effects of keratinase on performance, nutrient utilization,\n                        intestinal morphology, intestinal ecology and inflammatory response of\n                        weaned piglets fed diets with different levels of crude\n                        protein","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian-Australas J Anim Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1079\/NRR200242","article-title":"Nutritional influences on some major enteric bacterial diseases\n                        of pig","volume":"15","author":"Pluske","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nutr Res Rev."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2013.11.012","article-title":"The effect of protease and xylanase enzymes on growth\n                        performance, nutrient digestibility, and manure odour in\n                        grower\u2013finisher pigs","volume":"189","author":"O\u2019Shea","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim Feed Sci Technol."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-1330","article-title":"Board-invited review: porcine mucosal immunity of the\n                        gastrointestinal tract","volume":"87","author":"Burkey","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Anim Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002112355e+13_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3112","article-title":"The impact of perinatal immune development on mucosal homeostasis\n                        and chronic inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Renz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Science and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.ejast.org\/download\/download_pdf?doi=10.5187\/jast.2022.e28","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.ejast.org\/download\/download_pdf?doi=10.5187\/jast.2022.e28","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:47:49Z","timestamp":1790909269000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.ejast.org\/archive\/view_article?doi=10.5187\/jast.2022.e28"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5187\/jast.2022.e28"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5187\/jast.2022.e28","relation":{},"ISSN":["2672-0191","2055-0391"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2672-0191","type":"print"},{"value":"2055-0391","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-03-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-04-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}