{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:16:31Z","timestamp":1792790191833,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","award":["NRF-RS-2023-00275307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-RS-2023-00275307"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ejast.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Anim Sci Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The emission of noxious gases is a significant problem in pig production, as it\n                    can lead to poor production, welfare concerns, and environmental pollution. The\n                    noxious gases are the gasses emitted from the pig manure that contribute to air\n                    pollution. The increased concentration of various harmful gasses can pose health\n                    risks to both animals and humans. The major gases produced in the pig farm\n                    include methane, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, ammonia, sulfur dioxide and\n                    volatile fatty acids, which are mainly derived from the fermentation of\n                    undigested or poorly digested nutrients. Nowadays research has focused on more\n                    holistic approaches to obtain a healthy farm environment that helps animal\n                    production. The use of probiotics, prebiotics, dietary enzymes, and medicinal\n                    plants in animal diets has been explored as a means of reducing harmful gas\n                    emissions. This review paper focuses on the harmful gas emissions from pig farm,\n                    the mechanisms of gas production, and strategies for reducing these emissions.\n                    Additionally, various methods for reducing gas in pigs, including probiotic\n                    interventions; prebiotic interventions, dietary enzymes supplementation, and use\n                    of medicinal plants and organic acids are discussed. Overall, this paper\n                    provides a comprehensive review of the current state of knowledge on reducing\n                    noxious gas in pigs and offers valuable insights for pig producers,\n                    nutritionists, and researchers working in this area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5187\/jast.2024.e15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T23:17:54Z","timestamp":1708384674000},"page":"237-250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5187\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Strategies for reducing noxious gas emissions in pig production: a\n                    comprehensive review on the role of feed additives"],"prefix":"10.5187","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6732-286X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Mortuza","family":"Hossain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/058pdbn81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2593-2758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Bo","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/058pdbn81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6652-2504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/058pdbn81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3132","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2.026100211303e+13_B1","unstructured":"USDA [US Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural\n                            Service]\n                    \n                    Livestock and poultry: world markets and trade [Internet]\n                    USDA\n                    2023\n                    [cited 2023 Apr 13]\n                    https:\/\/www.fas.usda.gov\/data\/livestock-and-poultry-world-markets-and-trade"},{"key":"key2.026100211303e+13_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2014.08.015","article-title":"Review on greenhouse gas emissions from pig houses: production of\n                        carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide by animals and\n                        manure","volume":"199","author":"Philippe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Agric Ecosyst 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Sci."},{"key":"key2.026100211303e+13_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2014.09.022","article-title":"Effects of Enterococcus faecium DSM 7134 on weanling pigs were\n                        influenced by dietary energy and crude protein density","volume":"169","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Livest Sci."},{"key":"key2.026100211303e+13_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci10020079","article-title":"Dietary complex probiotic supplementation changed the composition\n                        of intestinal short-chain fatty acids and improved the average daily gain of\n                        growing pigs","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet Sci."},{"key":"key2.026100211303e+13_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2739","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13172739","article-title":"Lactobacillus plantarum decreased ammonia emissions through\n                        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