{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:55:30Z","timestamp":1790909730467,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","award":["NRF-2019R1A2C1005719"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2019R1A2C1005719"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","award":["2022R1A5A8033794"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1A5A8033794"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ejast.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Anim Sci Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Elsholtzia fruticosa (EF) is present in tropical regions\n                    throughout South Asian countries as well as the Himalayas. Although it has been\n                    used as a traditional medicine to treat digestive, respiratory, and inflammatory\n                    issues, its effect on preadipocyte differentiation is unknown. In this study, we\n                    examined the effects of a methanol extract prepared from EF on the\n                    differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Cell differentiation was assessed by\n                    microscopic observation and oil-red O staining. The expression of adipogenic and\n                    lipogenic genes, including PPAR\u03b3 and\n                        C\/EBP\u03b1, was measured by western blot analysis and\n                    quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT\u2013PCR), to provide\n                    insight into adipogenesis and lipogenesis mechanisms. The results indicated that\n                    EF promotes the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, with elevated lipid\n                    accumulation occurring in a concentration-dependent manner without apparent\n                    cytotoxicity. EF enhances the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes,\n                    including PPAR\u03b3, FABP4,\n                        adiponectin, and FAS, at the mRNA and\n                    protein levels. The effect of EF was more pronounced during the early and middle\n                    stages of 3T3-L1 cell differentiation. Treatment with EF decreased C\/EBP\n                    homologous protein (CHOP) mRNA and protein levels, while increasing\n                    C\/EBP\u03b1 and PPAR\u03b3 expression. Treatment with EF resulted in the\n                    upregulation of cyclin E and CDK2 gene\n                    expression within 24 h, followed by a decrease at 48 h, demonstrating the\n                    early-stage impact of EF. A concomitant increase in cyclin-D1 levels was\n                    observed compared with untreated cells, indicating that EF modulates lipogenic\n                    and adipogenic genes through intricate mechanisms involving CHOP and cell cycle\n                    pathways. In summary, EF induces the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by\n                    increasing the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes, possibly through\n                    CHOP and cell cycle-dependent mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5187\/jast.2024.e6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T00:11:01Z","timestamp":1707178261000},"page":"204-218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5187\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Methanol extract of Elsholtzia fruticosa promotes\n                    3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation"],"prefix":"10.5187","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1456-8786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deumaya","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00v81k483","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biosciences, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4248-1863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eunbin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00v81k483","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8257-1135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krishna K.","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ethnobotanical Society of Nepal, MJ Mart, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7259-1757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung-Suk","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00v81k483","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biosciences, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00v81k483","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4882-8600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung-Hak","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05kzjxq56","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5058-5156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong Bae","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00v81k483","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biosciences, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00v81k483","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3132","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B1","unstructured":"World Obesity Federation\n                    \n                    World obesity atlas 2023 [Internet]\n                    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Genomics."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-014-0243-x","article-title":"The epidemiology of obesity: a big picture","volume":"33","author":"Hruby","year":"2015","journal-title":"PharmacoEconomics."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S8","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21771","article-title":"Biological control of appetite: a daunting\n                        complexity","volume":"25","author":"MacLean","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obesity."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43526","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43526","article-title":"Specific CpG hyper-methylation leads to Ankrd26 gene\n                        down-regulation in white adipose tissue of a mouse model of diet-induced\n                        obesity","volume":"7","author":"Raciti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306883","article-title":"Obesity and cardiovascular disease","volume":"118","author":"Ortega","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.135","article-title":"PPARs in obesity-induced T2DM, dyslipidaemia and\n                        NAFLD","volume":"13","author":"Gross","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-12449-2","article-title":"Burden of disease study of overweight and obesity; the societal\n                        impact in terms of cost-of-illness and health-related quality of\n                        life","volume":"22","author":"Hecker","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15020485","article-title":"Obesity and cancer: a current overview of epidemiology,\n                        pathogenesis, outcomes, and management","volume":"15","author":"Pati","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613606","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.613606","article-title":"The role of adipocyte precursors in development and\n                        obesity","volume":"11","author":"Ying","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-020-06036-8","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of down-regulating adipogenic transcription\n                        factors in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells by bioactive anti-adipogenic\n                        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of langtang national\n                        park: insights on their chemical constituents via GC-MS\n                        analysis","volume":"10","author":"Pradhan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Separations."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1080\/23802359.2023.2183069","article-title":"The complete chloroplast genome of Elsholtzia fruticosa (D. Don)\n                        Rehd. (Labiatae), an ornamental plant with high medicinal\n                        value","volume":"8","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mitochondrial DNA B Resour."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(95)01242-6","article-title":"Screening of selected medicinal plants of Nepal for antimicrobial\n                        activities","volume":"46","author":"Taylor","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B27","first-page":"641","article-title":"Comparison of the volatile constituents of Elsholtzia fruiticosa\n                        extracted by hydrodistillation, supercritical fluid extraction and head\n                        space analysis","volume":"5","author":"Saini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Prod Commun."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B28","first-page":"58","article-title":"Research progress on essential oils and pharmacology of\n                        Elsholtzia in China","volume":"33","author":"Kang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Northwest Minzu Univ (Nat Sci)."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1080\/0972060X.2020.1778542","article-title":"Chemical composition and biological activity of essential oil\n                        extracted from the aerial part of Elsholtzia fruticosa against Ditylenchus\n                        destructor","volume":"23","author":"Liang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Essent Oil Bear Plants."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2022.115317","article-title":"Composition and biological activity of essential oils from\n                        Artemisia roxburghiana Besser and Elsholtzia fruticosa Rehder cultivated in\n                        Italy","volume":"187","author":"Fusani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ind Crops Prod."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2022.0123","article-title":"SLC3A2 and SLC7A2 mediate the exogenous putrescine-induced\n                        adipocyte differentiation","volume":"45","author":"Eom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Cells."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2434","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26092434","article-title":"Protective effect of Cudrania tricuspidata extract against\n                        high-fat diet induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through Nrf-2\/HO-1\n                        pathway","volume":"26","author":"Shrestha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-52031-5_3","article-title":"Adipocyte differentiation","volume-title":"Adipose tissue 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overview","volume":"79","author":"Audano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S216791","article-title":"How western diet and lifestyle drive the pandemic of obesity and\n                        civilization diseases","volume":"12","author":"Kopp","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00030.2014","article-title":"Obesity and diabetes: the increased risk of cancer and\n                        cancer-related mortality","volume":"95","author":"Gallagher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol Rev."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2740","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-019-05603-9","article-title":"Obesity and the risk of gastrointestinal cancers","volume":"64","author":"Karczewski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2358","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20092358","article-title":"Adipose tissue dysfunction as determinant of obesity-associated\n                        metabolic complications","volume":"20","author":"Longo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.01607","article-title":"Chronic adipose tissue inflammation linking obesity to insulin\n                        resistance and type 2 diabetes","volume":"10","author":"Zatterale","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e12926","article-title":"Anti-obesity potential of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus\n                        plantarum K8 in 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat diet mice","volume":"9","author":"Jang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2023.114107","article-title":"Low concentrations of antimony impair adipogenesis and\n                        endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis during 3T3-L1 cells\n                        differentiation","volume":"181","author":"Molonia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4032","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI129192","article-title":"Deciphering the cellular interplays underlying obesity-induced\n                        adipose tissue fibrosis","volume":"129","author":"Marcelin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2011.08.110","article-title":"Berberine exerts anti-adipogenic activity through up-regulation\n                        of C\/EBP inhibitors, CHOP and DEC2","volume":"413","author":"Pham","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2013.06.001","article-title":"Adipocyte and adipogenesis","volume":"92","author":"Ali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Cell Biol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2018.07.003","article-title":"Diazinon exposure activated transcriptional factors\n                        CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins \u03b1 (C\/EBP\u03b1) and peroxisome\n                        proliferator-activated receptor \u03b3 (PPAR\u03b3) and induced\n                        adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes","volume":"150","author":"Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pestic Biochem Physiol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S281186","article-title":"Adipogenesis as a potential anti-obesity target: a review of\n                        pharmacological treatment and natural products","volume":"14","author":"Jakab","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11060806","article-title":"Enhanced 3T3-L1 differentiation into adipocytes by pioglitazone\n                        pharmacological activation of peroxisome proliferator activated\n                        receptor-gamma (PPAR-\u03b3)","volume":"11","author":"Teixeira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biology."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B50","first-page":"3","article-title":"Regulation of gadd153 mRNA expression by hypoxia in pulmonary\n                        artery smooth muscle cells","volume":"108","author":"Chen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B51","first-page":"607","article-title":"Headspace gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry analysis endorses\n                        melaleuca species as abundant source of medicinal eucalyptol and its\n                        proposed anti-obesity activity","volume":"65","author":"Hegazi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Egypt J Chem."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2022.09.056","article-title":"Eucalyptol relieves the toxicity of diisobutyl phthalate in\n                        Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney cells through Keap1\/Nrf2\/HO-1 pathway:\n                        apoptosis-autophagy crosstalk and immunoregulation","volume":"130","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113023e+13_B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111315","article-title":"Adipose tissue and insulin resistance in obese","volume":"137","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother."}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Science and 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