{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:56:01Z","timestamp":1790909761955,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","award":["NRF-2022R1F1A1073956"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2022R1F1A1073956"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ejast.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Anim Sci Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Polyphosphates play a crucial role in enhancing nutrient absorption, energy\n                    metabolism, stress response, and cellular function and growth. However, the\n                    effects of polyphosphates on the laying performance and gut microbiota of laying\n                    hens are not known. This study assessed the effects of polyphosphate\n                    supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, blood, organ, tibia and\n                    cecal characteristics, and cecal microbiota in laying hens. A total of 100\n                    Lohman Brown laying hens (51 weeks old) were distributed into four dietary\n                    treatments in a completely randomized design, each consisting of five replicates\n                    with four birds. Treatment groups were designated as corn-soybean meal basal\n                    diet (control), basal diet + 0.1% short-chain polyphosphate (P3), basal diet +\n                    0.1% medium-chain polyphosphate (P14), and 0.1% long-chain polyphosphate (P130).\n                    Egg productivity rate and egg mass increased in the control and P3 group\n                    compared to the P130 group (p &lt; 0.05). There was no\n                    significant effect of polyphosphate supplementation on egg weight, feed intake,\n                    FCR, Haugh unit, eggshell thickness, and eggshell weight. There were no\n                    significant differences in tibia strength among the groups. All polyphosphate\n                    groups (P3, P14, and P130) showed decreased crypt depth in the ileum and the\n                    P130 group showed an increased ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VH\/CD) in\n                    the ileum (p &lt; 0.05). P130 supplementation significantly\n                    increased bacterial diversity (ASVs and Chao1 index) in the cecal contents\n                        (p &lt; 0.05), although there were no significant\n                    differences between groups in beta diversity and cecal microbiota composition.\n                    In conclusion, supplementation with P130 had a greater effect on the VH\/CD ratio\n                    and cecal bacterial diversity while not positively affecting egg productivity,\n                    suggesting potential benefits for nutrient absorption and gut health in laying\n                    hens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5187\/jast.2025.e8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T00:07:54Z","timestamp":1736986074000},"page":"499-515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5187\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of polyphosphates on productivity and physiological\n                    characteristics in laying hens"],"prefix":"10.5187","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7756-5302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hangsul","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/025h1m602","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7163-0059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ah-Ran","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/025h1m602","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Animal Resources Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2384-9918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung-Hyeon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/025h1m602","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5848-031X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan-Quing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/025h1m602","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3936-3188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji-Yun","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/025h1m602","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6008-5275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong-Bum","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04vxr4k74","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Animal Resources Science, SahmYook University, Seoul 01795, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3499-3330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soo-Ki","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/025h1m602","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/025h1m602","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Animal Resources Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3132","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00348","article-title":"Optimizing gastrointestinal integrity in poultry: the role of\n                        nutrients and feed additives","volume":"5","author":"Adedokun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B2","first-page":"5","article-title":"Application and substitution of antibiotics in animal\n                        feeding","volume":"80","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Weter."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2859-10-63","article-title":"Polyphosphate - an ancient energy source and active metabolic\n                        regulator","volume":"10","author":"Achbergerov\u00e1","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microb Cell Fact."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10040913","article-title":"Inorganic polyphosphate: regulator of cellular metabolism in\n                        homeostasis and disease","volume":"10","author":"Kus","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078612","article-title":"Polyphosphate-mediated inhibition of tartrate-resistant acid\n                        phosphatase and suppression of bone resorption of\n                        osteoclasts","volume":"8","author":"Harada","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS ONE."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2009.12.055","article-title":"Enhanced initial bone regeneration with inorganic\n                        polyphosphate-adsorbed hydroxyapatite","volume":"6","author":"Morita","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiad058","article-title":"Long-chain polyphosphates inhibit type I interferon signaling and\n                        augment LPS-induced cytokine secretion in human leukocytes","volume":"114","author":"Pirttiniemi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B8","first-page":"5141204","article-title":"Progress and applications of polyphosphate in bone and cartilage\n                        regeneration","volume":"2019","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-41073-9_10","article-title":"Inorganic polyphosphate and its chain-length dependency in tissue\n                        regeneration including bone remodeling and teeth whitening","volume-title":"Inorganic polyphosphates in eukaryotic cells.","author":"Shiba","year":"2016"},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B10","article-title":"Effects of polyphosphates with different chain lengths on\n                        digestive organ weight, carcass quality, and immune response, and 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multi-strain probiotics supplementation in a\n                        low fishmeal diet on growth performance, nutrient utilization, proximate\n                        composition, immune parameters, and gut microbiota of juvenile olive\n                        flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"93","author":"Niu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10101863","article-title":"Probiotics (direct-fed microbials) in poultry nutrition and their\n                        effects on nutrient utilization, growth and laying performance, and gut\n                        health: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Jha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-017-1160-y","article-title":"Performance, biochemical and haematological responses, and\n   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characteristics in layer hens","volume":"99","author":"Marume","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11061568","article-title":"Early nutrition with different diets composition versus fasting\n                        on immunity-related gene expression and histomorphology of digestive and\n                        lymphoid organs of layer-type chicks","volume":"11","author":"Selim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.3746\/jkfn.2002.31.1.092","article-title":"Effects of Pueraria thunbergiana bentham water extracts on\n                        hepatic alcohol metabolic enzyme system in rats","volume":"31","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/110.3.388","article-title":"Regulation of lipid metabolism in chicken liver by dietary\n                        cereals","volume":"110","author":"Qureshi","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.24479","article-title":"Cortical and medullary morphology of the tibia","volume":"304","author":"Taylor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anat Rec."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11030623","article-title":"Relationship between bone quality, egg production and eggshell\n                        quality in laying hens at the end of an extended production cycle (105\n                        weeks)","volume":"11","author":"Alfonso-Carrillo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6527","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez497","article-title":"The role of blood vessels in broiler chickens with tibial\n                        dyschondroplasia","volume":"98","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12942","article-title":"Efficacy of essential oils combination on performance, ileal\n                        bacterial counts, intestinal histology and immunocompetence of laying hens\n                        fed alternative lipid sources","volume":"102","author":"Mousavi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.5713\/ab.21.0275","article-title":"Dietary encapsulated essential oil mixture influence on apparent\n                        nutrient digestibility, serum metabolic profile, lymphocyte histochemistry\n                        and intestinal morphology of laying hens","volume":"35","author":"Arslan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anim Biosci."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2008-00244","article-title":"Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotic and synbiotic on growth\n                        performance, organ weights, and intestinal histomorphology of broiler\n                        chickens","volume":"88","author":"Awad","year":"2009","journal-title":"Poult Sci."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2021.595-602","article-title":"Effects of oregano (Lippia origanoides) essential oil\n                        supplementation on the performance, egg quality, and intestinal morphometry\n                        of Isa Brown laying hens","volume":"14","author":"Ramirez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet World."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8026","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.8b03381","article-title":"Biogenic polyphosphate nanoparticles from Synechococcus sp. PCC\n                        7002 exhibit intestinal protective potential in human intestinal epithelial\n                        cells in vitro and murine small intestine ex vivo","volume":"66","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-13-208","article-title":"Comparison of microbial diversity determined with the same\n                        variable tag sequence extracted from two different PCR\n                        amplicons","volume":"13","author":"He","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14875","article-title":"The gastrointestinal microbiome: a review","volume":"32","author":"Barko","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01996-06","article-title":"Quantitative and qualitative \u03b2 diversity measures lead to\n                        different insights into factors that structure microbial\n                        communities","volume":"73","author":"Lozupone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1010184","article-title":"AC-PCoA: adjustment for confounding factors using principal\n                        coordinate analysis","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-118","article-title":"Variance adjusted weighted UniFrac: a powerful beta diversity\n                        measure for comparing communities based on phylogeny","volume":"12","author":"Chang","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1159\/000536327","article-title":"Catabolic network of the fermentative gut bacterium Phocaeicola\n                        vulgatus (phylum Bacteroidota) from a physiologic-proteomic\n                        perspective","volume":"34","author":"Clausen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microb Physiol."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12030859","article-title":"Dietary fiber, gut microbiota, and metabolic\n                        regulation\u2014current status in human randomized trials","volume":"12","author":"Myhrstad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2024.102819","article-title":"Bacteroides and related species: the keystone taxa of the human\n                        gut microbiota","volume":"85","author":"Shin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anaerobe."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B43","first-page":"26191","article-title":"Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease","volume":"26","author":"Carding","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microb Ecol Health Dis."},{"key":"key2.0261002113723e+13_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3518","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2020.1802695","article-title":"Roles of intestinal bacteroides in human health and\n                        diseases","volume":"61","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr."}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Science and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.ejast.org\/download\/download_pdf?doi=10.5187\/jast.2025.e8","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.ejast.org\/download\/download_pdf?doi=10.5187\/jast.2025.e8","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:48:47Z","timestamp":1790909327000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.ejast.org\/archive\/view_article?doi=10.5187\/jast.2025.e8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5187\/jast.2025.e8"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5187\/jast.2025.e8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2672-0191","2055-0391"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2672-0191","type":"print"},{"value":"2055-0391","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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