{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:41:24Z","timestamp":1790268084077,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine Statewide Campus System","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604016000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"introduction\">\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Wilkie\u2019s Syndrome, also known as Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome (SMAS), is a rare cause of bowel obstruction that can contribute to vague abdominal symptoms on clinical presentation. This syndrome occurs when the aortomesenteric angle decreases, compressing the third portion of the duodenum between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. An acute decrease in the mesenteric fat pad cushion between these two blood vessels is the primary etiology, although other causes (e.g., anatomical, postoperative, functional, and pubescent etiologies) have also been described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"case-presentation\">\n                    <jats:title>CASE PRESENTATION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the present cases, 2 females with a common history of recent weight loss presented to our institution with similar symptoms of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. Each patient was subsequently diagnosed with SMAS following imaging studies. Both patients experienced successful resolution of symptoms with conservative nutritional management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"discussion\">\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Common presenting complaints of SMAS include nausea, vomiting, early satiety and postprandial pain. These symptoms overlap with other gastrointestinal disorders (i.e., mesenteric ischemia, intestinal volvulus, peptic ulcer disease) making diagnosis difficult. SMAS can be identified through imaging modalities including barium studies and computer tomography. First line therapies typically include conservative nutritional support and promotion of weight gain. If conservative therapies fail, various surgical procedures can be pursued. Delayed diagnosis can lead to further pathological sequelae, including duodenal compromise, ischemia and necrosis. As the syndrome progresses, success of conservative nutritional support is less likely, and surgical correction becomes increasingly necessary.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"conclusion\">\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Therefore, a clinical goal for SMAS should include as swift a recognition and diagnosis as possible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.51894\/001c.13485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T14:06:39Z","timestamp":1613397999000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Wilkie\u2019s Weight Loss Wonder: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.51894","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Akhlema","family":"Haidar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rhtct89","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"McLaren Macomb","department":["Internal Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rhtct89","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"McLaren Macomb","department":["Internal Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afzal","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rhtct89","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"McLaren Macomb","department":["General Surgery"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Gregerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05hs6h993","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Michigan State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dheeraj","family":"Thammineni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rhtct89","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"McLaren Macomb","department":["Internal Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johnathon","family":"Markus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rhtct89","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"McLaren Macomb","department":["Gastroenterology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"29343","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2017.03.018","article-title":"Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: A diagnosis to be kept in mind (Case report and literature review","volume":"34","author":"A. Salem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-008-0695-4","article-title":"Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: Diagnosis and treatment strategies","volume":"13","author":"N.D. Merrett","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1097\/SGA.0000000000000107","article-title":"Superior mesenteric artery syndrome","volume":"38","author":"T. Gebhart","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Nurs"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref4","article-title":"Perplexing Case of Wilkie's Syndrome: A rare presentation in a young patient","volume":"11","author":"S H Bin Waqar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Increase body weight to treat superior mesenteric artery syndrome","volume":"2017219378","author":"M.N. Albano","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-228758","article-title":"Superior mesenteric artery syndrome in a healthy active adolescent","volume":"12","author":"T. Okamoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjz067","article-title":"An unusual presentation of congenital superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome","volume":"2019","author":"Timothy Trestrail","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Surgical Case Reports","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2042-8812","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref8","article-title":"Late presentation of superior mesenteric artery syndrome following scoliosis surgery: A case report","volume":"2","author":"A.I. Tsirikos","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"issue":"6543934","key":"ref9","article-title":"Functional Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome induced by an optional IVC filter","volume":"2019","author":"A. Shen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Case Rep Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.4166\/kjg.2017.70.6.312","article-title":"Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome Combined with Renal Nutcracker Syndrome in a Young Male: A Case Report","volume":"70","author":"Myung Jin Oh","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1598-9992","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-5088-2","article-title":"Laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy for superior mesenteric artery syndrome: Intermediate follow-up results and a review of the literature","volume":"31","author":"J. Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"}],"container-title":["Spartan Medical Research Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/smrj.scholasticahq.com\/article\/13485-wilkie-s-weight-loss-wonder-a-case-series","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T15:01:11Z","timestamp":1739286071000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/smrj.scholasticahq.com\/article\/13485-wilkie-s-weight-loss-wonder-a-case-series"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.51894\/001c.13485","relation":{},"ISSN":["2474-7629"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2474-7629","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]}}}