{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T01:38:12Z","timestamp":1788485892584,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine Statewide Campus System","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"purpose\">\n                    <jats:title>PURPOSE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Trochlear dysplasia is recognized as a key anatomical and biomechanical contributor to recurrent patellar instability. Trochleoplasty has re-emerged in contemporary practice as a surgical option specifically for patients with severe dysplasia leading to recurrent episodes of instability. This clinical review aims to summarise the latest evidence regarding the indications, types, surgical techniques, and clinical outcomes associated with trochleoplasty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"recent-findings\">\n                    <jats:title>RECENT FINDINGS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Trochleoplasty can be broadly categorized into three main types: lateral facet elevation, recession wedge, and sulcus-deepening procedures. Among sulcus-deepening methods, the modified Bereiter technique\u2014often referred to as the \u201cthin flap\u201d approach\u2014has gained popularity in recent years over the traditional Dejour \u201cthick flap\u201d technique. A more recent development is the arthroscopic variant of the Bereiter procedure, offering a minimally invasive alternative. Contrary to previous reports, recent literature demonstrates notable improvements in patient-reported outcomes, patellofemoral stability, and overall satisfaction following these procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"summary\">\n                    <jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sulcus-deepening trochleoplasty is an established surgical option for managing patients with high-grade trochlear dysplasia associated with patellofemoral instability. It has been linked to reduced recurrence rates, low complication risks, and favourable clinical outcomes. Orthopaedic surgeons treating patellofemoral disorders should be familiar with the appropriate indications and techniques for this procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.51894\/001c.168165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T20:42:21Z","timestamp":1788208941000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Trochleoplasty for patellofemoral instability: current concepts"],"prefix":"10.51894","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9585-2569","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Srikanth","family":"Mudiganty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01dz6bn35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Community Health Systems - AllianceHealth Durant","department":["Orthopedics"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Hess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05hs6h993","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Michigan State University","department":["Orthopedics"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathew","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qv8fp92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans","department":["Orthopedics"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Gonzales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qv8fp92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans","department":["Orthopedics"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rutledge Carter","family":"Clement","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qv8fp92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans","department":["Orthopedics"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"Gargiulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qv8fp92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans","department":["Orthopedics"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"29343","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3444","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-022-06954-z","article-title":"Good patient satisfaction with low complication rate after trochleoplasty in patellofemoral instability","volume":"30","author":"P. 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