{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T17:10:05Z","timestamp":1750093805258,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine Statewide Campus System","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]],"date-time":"2017-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503532800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"context\"> <jats:title>CONTEXT<\/jats:title> <jats:p>Social isolation and comorbidities are likely to have a significant level of influence on the healthcare use patterns of geriatric patients with ongoing congestive heart failure (CHF)-related needs.<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec> <jats:sec id=\"methods\"> <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title> <jats:p>A retrospective study was conducted in a specialized emergency department (ED) with a sample of 286 geriatric CHF patients who initially received CHF-related care over a six-month period. Social isolation levels were assessed using a pre-existing four-point screening tool used in the study setting and composite comorbidity was gauged using the Charlson Comorbidity Index method. Subjects were categorized into either \u201cless than 30-day readmission\u201d or \u201cgreater than 30-day readmission\/non-readmitted\u201d sample subgroups. The setting was a single 304-bed community hospital with approximately 45,000 annual ED visits. The analytic sample was comprised of geriatric patients 65+ years of age with an ICD-9 code corresponding to CHF.<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec> <jats:sec id=\"results\"> <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title> <jats:p>There were no statistically significant differences between earlier hospital readmission versus later\/non-readmitted sample patients when grouped by age, race, gender or level of measured social isolation. However, composite comorbidity scores were significantly lower for patients in the &gt;30-day\/non-readmitted subgroup compared to earlier readmission patients.<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec> <jats:sec id=\"conclusions\"> <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title> <jats:p>These initial study results suggest that a larger proportion of CHF hospital readmissions may be more heavily influenced by clinical factors than social living arrangements. Future studies with larger samples and validated measures of social isolation are needed to inform the development and testing of programs for geriatric CHF patients striving to avoid unnecessary hospital readmissions and adverse health outcomes.<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.51894\/001c.5959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T19:03:33Z","timestamp":1613415813000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Influence of Social Isolation and Medical Comorbidities on Geriatric Congestive Heart Failure Hospital Readmissions"],"prefix":"10.51894","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Keyes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St Mary Mercy Hospital Emergency Medicine and Graduate Medical Education Research, Livonia, MI; St Mary Mercy Hospital Department of Emergency Medicine, Livonia, MI; Michigan State University School of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, MI; University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Sheremeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University School of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, MI; College of Podiatric Medicine and Surgery, Des Moines University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerrit","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Mary Mercy Hospital Emergency Medicine and Graduate Medical Education Research, Livonia, MI"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naomi","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV) School of Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Mary Mercy Hospital Emergency Medicine and Graduate Medical Education Research, Livonia, MI"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Boehm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Mary Mercy Hospital Emergency Medicine and Graduate Medical Education Research, Livonia, MI; St Mary Mercy Hospital Department of Emergency Medicine, Livonia, MI; Michigan State University School of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, MI"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"29343","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"14","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.14.1514","article-title":"Social support and its relationship to morbidity and mortality after acute myocardial infarction: systematic overview","volume":"164","author":"F. 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