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Sci. Data"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessments are\nthe trusted source of scientific evidence for climate negotiations taking\nplace under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change\n(UNFCCC), including the first global stocktake under the Paris Agreement\nthat will conclude at COP28 in December 2023. Evidence-based decision-making\nneeds to be informed by up-to-date and timely information on key indicators\nof the state of the climate system and of the human influence on the global\nclimate system. However, successive IPCC reports are published at intervals\nof 5\u201310 years, creating potential for an information gap between report\ncycles. We follow methods as close as possible to those used in the IPCC Sixth\nAssessment Report (AR6) Working Group One (WGI) report. We compile\nmonitoring datasets to produce estimates for key climate indicators related\nto forcing of the climate system: emissions of greenhouse gases and\nshort-lived climate forcers, greenhouse gas concentrations, radiative\nforcing, surface temperature changes, the Earth's energy imbalance, warming\nattributed to human activities, the remaining carbon budget, and estimates of\nglobal temperature extremes. The purpose of this effort, grounded in an open\ndata, open science approach, is to make annually updated reliable global\nclimate indicators available in the public domain (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.8000192, Smith et al., 2023a). As they are\ntraceable to IPCC report methods, they can be trusted by all parties\ninvolved in UNFCCC negotiations and help convey wider understanding of the\nlatest knowledge of the climate system and its direction of travel. The indicators show that human-induced warming reached 1.14 [0.9 to 1.4]\u2009\n                    <jats:sup>\u2218<\/jats:sup>\n                    C averaged over the 2013\u20132022 decade and 1.26 [1.0 to 1.6]\u2009\n                    <jats:sup>\u2218<\/jats:sup>\n                    C in 2022. Over the 2013\u20132022 period, human-induced warming has\nbeen increasing at an unprecedented rate of over 0.2\u2009\n                    <jats:sup>\u2218<\/jats:sup>\n                    C per\ndecade. This high rate of warming is caused by a combination of greenhouse\ngas emissions being at an all-time high of 54\u2009\u00b1\u20095.3\u2009GtCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    e over\nthe last decade, as well as reductions in the strength of aerosol cooling.\nDespite this, there is evidence that increases in greenhouse gas emissions\nhave slowed, and depending on societal choices, a continued series of these\nannual updates over the critical 2020s decade could track a change of\ndirection for human influence on climate.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-15-2295-2023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,6]],"date-time":"2023-06-06T15:32:12Z","timestamp":1686065532000},"page":"2295-2327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":338,"title":["Indicators of Global Climate Change 2022: annual update of large-scale indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence"],"prefix":"10.5194","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6078-0171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piers M.","family":"Forster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"corresponding-author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0599-4633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5227-9432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tristram","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3273-7878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William 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S., Straneo, F., Hendricks, S., Korosov, A., Lavergne, T., Lawrence, I., Marzeion, B., Otosaka, I., Schweiger, A., Shepherd, A., Slater, D., Slater, T., Timmermanns, M.-L., and Zemp, M.: GCOS EHI 1960\u20132020 Cryosphere Heat Content, World Data Center for Climate (WDCC) at DKRZ [data set], 10.26050\/WDCC\/GCOS_EHI_1960-2020_CRHC, 2022.","DOI":"10.26050\/WDCC\/GCOS_EHI_1960-2020_CRHC","type":"dataset"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Allen, M. 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