{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T05:29:26Z","timestamp":1772256566806,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Copernicus GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,18]],"date-time":"2016-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Atmos. Chem. Phys."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract. Sulfuric acid, amines and oxidized organics have been found to be important compounds in the nucleation and initial growth of atmospheric particles. Because of the challenges involved in determining the chemical composition of objects with very small mass, however, the properties of the freshly nucleated particles and the detailed pathways of their formation processes are still not clear. In this study, we focus on a challenging size range, i.e., particles that have grown to diameters of 10 and 15\u202fnm following nucleation, and measure their water uptake. Water uptake is useful information for indirectly obtaining chemical composition of aerosol particles. We use a nanometer-hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (nano-HTDMA) at subsaturated conditions (ca. 90\u202f% relative humidity at 293\u202fK) to measure the hygroscopicity of particles during the seventh Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets (CLOUD7) campaign performed at CERN in 2012. In CLOUD7, the hygroscopicity of nucleated nanoparticles was measured in the presence of sulfuric acid, sulfuric acid\u2013dimethylamine, and sulfuric acid\u2013organics derived from \u03b1-pinene oxidation. The hygroscopicity parameter \u03ba decreased with increasing particle size, indicating decreasing acidity of particles. No clear effect of the sulfuric acid concentration on the hygroscopicity of 10\u202fnm particles produced from sulfuric acid and dimethylamine was observed, whereas the hygroscopicity of 15\u202fnm particles sharply decreased with decreasing sulfuric acid concentrations. In particular, when the concentration of sulfuric acid was 5.1\u2009\u00d7\u2009106\u202fmolecules\u202fcm\u22123 in the gas phase, and the dimethylamine mixing ratio was 11.8\u202fppt, the measured \u03ba of 15\u202fnm particles was 0.31\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.01: close to the value reported for dimethylaminium sulfate (DMAS) (\u03baDMAS\u2009\u223c\u20090.28). Furthermore, the difference in \u03ba between sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid\u2013imethylamine experiments increased with increasing particle size. The \u03ba values of particles in the presence of sulfuric acid and organics were much smaller than those of particles in the presence of sulfuric acid and dimethylamine. This suggests that the organics produced from \u03b1-pinene ozonolysis play a significant role in particle growth even at 10\u202fnm sizes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-293-2016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,27]],"date-time":"2016-01-27T10:44:12Z","timestamp":1453891452000},"page":"293-304","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Hygroscopicity of nanoparticles produced from homogeneous nucleation in the  CLOUD experiments"],"prefix":"10.5194","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Ahlm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T.","family":"Yli-Juuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0421-6629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Lawler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H.","family":"Keskinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2807-0348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Tr\u00f6stl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5777-4897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Schobesberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8819-0264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Duplissy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2996-3604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3054-2364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. M.","family":"Donahue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5690-770X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. C.","family":"Flagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Hakala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9171-8127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Heinritzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1280-1396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Jokinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"K\u00fcrten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1657-2383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Laaksonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1660-2706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Lehtipalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Miettinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1881-9044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Pet\u00e4j\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0463-8098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. P.","family":"Rissanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Rondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"K.","family":"Sengupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4900-7460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Tom\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5539-9958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Wimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P. M.","family":"Winkler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6517-5341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Ehrhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2341-9069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Kirkby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3153-4630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Curtius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0079-8713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"U.","family":"Baltensperger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3464-7825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Kulmala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"K. E. J.","family":"Lehtinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4677-8224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. N.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"I.","family":"Riipinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"3145","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahlm, L., Yli-Juuti, T., Schobesberger, S., Praplan, A. P., Kim, J.,\nTikkanen, O. -P, Lawler, M. J., Smith, J. N., Tr\u00f6stl, J., Acosta Navarro,\nJ. C., Baltensperger, U., Bianchi, F., Donahue, N. M., Duplissy, J.,\nFranchin, A., Jokinen, T., Keskinen, H., K\u00fcrten, A., Laaksonen, A.,\nLehtipalo, K., Pet\u00e4j\u00e4, T., Riccobono, F., Rissanen, M. P., Rondo, L.,\nSchallhart, S., Simon, M., Winkler, P. M., Worsnop, D. 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K., Schobesberger, S., Junninen, H., Simon, M., Tr\u00f6stl, J., Jokinen,\nT., Sipil\u00e4, M., Adamov, A., Amorim, A., Almeida, J., Breitenlechner, M.,\nDuplissy, J., Ehrhart, S., Flagan, R. C., Franchin, A., Hakala, J., Hansel,\nA., Heinritzi, M., Kangasluoma, J., Keskinen, H., Kim, J., Kirkby, J.,\nLaaksonen, A., Lawler, M. J., Lehtipalo, K., Leiminger, M., Makhmutov, V.,\nMathot, S., Onnela, A., Pet\u00e4j\u00e4, T., Riccobono, F., Rissanen, M. P.,\nRondo, L., Tom\u00e9, A., Virtanen, A., Viisanen, Y., Williamson, C., Wimmer,\nD., Winkler, P. M., Ye, P., Curtius, J., Kulmala, M., Worsnop, D. R.,\nDonahue, N. M., and Baltensperger, U.: Insight into acid-base nucleation\nexperiments by comparison of the chemical composition of positive, negative,\nand neutral clusters, Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 13675\u201313684, 2014.","DOI":"10.1021\/es502380b"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bzdek, B. R., Ridge, D. P., and Johnston, M. 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H., Weingartner, E., Tritscher, T., Gysel, M.,\nAiken, A. C., Jimenez, J. L., Canagaratna, M. R., Worsnop, D. R., Collins, D.\nR., Tomlinson, J., and Baltensperger, U.: Relating hygroscopicity and\ncomposition of organic aerosol particulate matter, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11,\n1155\u20131165, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/acp-11-1155-2011, 2011.","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-11-1155-2011"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duplissy, J., Merikanto, J., Franchin, A., Tsagkogeorgas, G., Kangasluoma,\nJ., Wimmer, D., Vuollekoski, H., Schobesberger, S., Lehtipalo, K., Flagan,\nR.C., Brus, D., Donahue, N.M., Vehk\u00e4m\u00e4ki, H., Almeida, J., Amorim,\nA., Barmet, P., Bianchi, F., Breitenlechner, M., Dunne, E. M., Guida, R.,\nHenschel, H., Junninen, H., Kirkby, J., K\u00fcrten, A., Kupc, A.,\nM\u00e4\u00e4tt\u00e4nen, A., Makhmutov, V., Mathot, S., Nieminen, T., Onnela,\nA., Praplan, A. 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