{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T21:02:40Z","timestamp":1774558960471,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Copernicus GmbH","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]],"date-time":"2016-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1457568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004965","name":"Sixth Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RICA-025991"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RICA-025991"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004965","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004963","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["229907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["229907"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000844","name":"European Space Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22202\/09\/I-EC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22202\/09\/I-EC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UNPC10-4E-442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UNPC10-4E-442"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Atmos. Meas. Tech."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract. This paper introduces the recent European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) quality-assurance efforts at instrument level. Within two dedicated campaigns and five single-site intercomparison activities, 21 EARLINET\u00a0systems from 18 EARLINET stations were intercompared between 2009 and 2013. A comprehensive strategy for campaign setup and data evaluation has been established. Eleven\u00a0systems from nine EARLINET stations participated in the EARLINET Lidar Intercomparison 2009 (EARLI09). In this campaign, three reference\u00a0systems were qualified which served as traveling standards thereafter. EARLINET\u00a0systems from nine other stations have been compared against these reference\u00a0systems since 2009. We present and discuss comparisons at signal and at product level from all campaigns for more than 100 individual measurement channels at the wavelengths of 355, 387, 532, and 607\u202fnm. It is shown that in most cases, a very good agreement of the compared\u00a0systems with the respective reference is obtained. Mean signal deviations in predefined height ranges are typically below \u00b12\u202f%. Particle backscatter and extinction coefficients agree within \u00b12\u202f\u2009\u00d7\u2009\u202f10\u22124\u202fkm\u22121\u202fsr\u22121 and \u00b1\u202f0.01\u202fkm\u22121, respectively, in most cases. For\u00a0systems or channels that showed larger discrepancies, an in-depth analysis of deficiencies was performed and technical solutions and upgrades were proposed and realized. The intercomparisons have reinforced confidence in the EARLINET data quality and allowed us to draw conclusions on necessary system improvements for some instruments and to identify major challenges that need to be tackled in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-9-1001-2016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]],"date-time":"2016-03-10T05:03:01Z","timestamp":1457586181000},"page":"1001-1023","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["EARLINET instrument intercomparison campaigns: overview on strategy and results"],"prefix":"10.5194","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3676-9121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulla","family":"Wandinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Freudenthaler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2316-8960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holger","family":"Baars","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Amodeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4225-9961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronny","family":"Engelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ina","family":"Mattis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7467-9269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silke","family":"Gro\u00df","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gelsomina","family":"Pappalardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Giunta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6627-2517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"D'Amico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anatoli","family":"Chaikovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fiodor","family":"Osipenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Slesar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Doina","family":"Nicolae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Livio","family":"Belegante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Camelia","family":"Talianu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ilya","family":"Serikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Linn\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Friedhelm","family":"Jansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8821-6348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnoud","family":"Apituley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Keith M.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7948-3292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"de Graaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Trickl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"Giehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9237-8320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6886-3679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adolfo","family":"Comer\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Constantino","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Porcar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8614-4408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesc","family":"Rocadenbosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8287-9693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u00ebl","family":"Sicard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Tom\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dhiraj","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Pujadas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Molero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alfonso J.","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3576-7167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas","family":"Alados-Arboledas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Juan Antonio","family":"Bravo-Aranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0905-4385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Navas-Guzm\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8317-2304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Luis","family":"Guerrero-Rascado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9","family":"Granados-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Prei\u00dfler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Gausa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Grigorov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dimitar","family":"Stoyanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Iarlori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5277-6527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenco","family":"Rizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Spinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Boselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Lo Feudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Rita","family":"Perrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ferdinando","family":"De Tomasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Burlizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"3145","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Althausen, D., Engelmann, R., Baars, H., Heese, B., Ansmann, A., M\u00fcller,\nD., and Komppula, M.:\nPortable Raman Lidar PollyXT for automated profiling of aerosol\nbackscatter, extinction, and depolarization,\nJ. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 26, 2366\u20132378, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1175\/2009JTECHA1304.1, 2009.","DOI":"10.1175\/2009JTECHA1304.1"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ansmann, A., Riebesell, M., and Weitkamp, C.:\nMeasurement of atmospheric aerosol extinction profiles with a Raman lidar,\nOpt. Lett., 15, 746\u2013748, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OL.15.000746, 1990.","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.15.000746"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ansmann, A., Riebesell, M., Wandinger, U., Weitkamp, C.,\nVoss, E., Lahmann, W., and Michaelis, W.:\nCombined Raman elastic-backscatter lidar for vertical profiling of moisture,\naerosol extinction, backscatter, and lidar ratio,\nAppl. Phys. B, 55, 18\u201328, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00348608, 1992.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00348608"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Apituley, A., Wilson, K. M., Potma, C., Volten, H., and de Graaf, M.:\nPerformance Assessment and Application of Caeli \u2013 A high-performance Raman\nlidar for diurnal profiling of Water Vapour, Aerosols and Clouds,\nin: Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Tropospheric Profiling,\nDelft, the Netherlands, 19\u201323\u00a0October\u00a02009, edited by: Apituley, A., Russchenberg, H. W.\nJ., and Monna, W. A. A., ISBN 978-90-6960-233-2, 2009."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barnaba, F., Putaud, J. P., Gruening, C., dell'Acqua, A., and Dos\nSantos, S.:\nAnnual cycle in co-located in situ, total-column, and height-resolved\naerosol observations in the Po Valley (Italy): Implications for ground-level\nparticulate matter mass concentration estimation from remote sensing,\nJ. Geophys. Res., 115, D19209, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2009JD013002, 2010.","DOI":"10.1029\/2009JD013002"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Belegante, L., Nicolae, D., Nemuc, A., Talianu, C. and Derognat, C.:\nRetrieval of the boundary layer height from active and passive remote\nsensors. Comparison with a NWP model,\nActa Geophys., 62, 276\u2013289, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/s11600-013-0167-4, 2014.","DOI":"10.2478\/s11600-013-0167-4"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Belegante, L., Bravo-Aranda, J. A., Freudenthaler, V., Nicolae, D., Nemuc,\nA., Alados-Arboledas, L., Amodeo, A., Pappalardo, G., D'Amico, G., Engelmann,\nR., Baars, H., Wandinger, U., Papayannis, A., Kokkalis, P., and Pereira, S.\nN.: Experimental assessment of the lidar polarizing sensitivity, Atmos. Meas.\nTech. Discuss., https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amt-2015-337, in review, 2016.","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-2015-337"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u00f6ckmann, C., Wandinger, U., Ansmann, A., B\u00f6senberg, J., Amiridis,\nV., Boselli, A., Delaval, A., De Tomasi, F., Frioud, M., H\u00e5g\u00e5rd, A.,\nHorvat, M., Iarlori, M., Komguem, L., Kreipl, S., Larchev\u00eaque, G.,\nMatthias, V., Papayannis, A., Pappalardo, G., Rocadembosch, F., Rodriguez,\nJ.\u00a0A., Schneider, J., Shcherbakov, V., and Wiegner, M.:\nAerosol lidar intercomparison in the framework of the EARLINET project.\n2. Aerosol backscatter algorithms,\nAppl. Opt., 43, 977\u2013989, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/AO.43.000977, 2004.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.43.000977"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u00f6ckmann, C., Mironova, I., M\u00fcller, D., Scheidenbach, L., and\nNessler, R.:\nMicrophysical aerosol parameters from multiwavelength lidar,\nJ. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 22, 518\u2013528, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/JOSAA.22.000518, 2005.","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.22.000518"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bravo-Aranda, J. A., Belegante, L., Freudenthaler, V., Alados-Arboledas, A.,\nNicolae, D., Granados-Mu\u00f1oz, M. J., Guerrero-Rascado, J. L., Amodeo, A.,\nD'Amico, G., Engelmann, R., Pappalardo, G., Kokkalis, P., Mamouri, R.,\nPapayannis, A., Navas-Guzm\u00e1n, F., Olmo, F. J., Wandinger, U., and\nHaeffelin, M.: Assessment of lidar depolarization uncertainty by means of a\npolarimetric lidar simulator, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss.,\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amt-2015-339, in review, 2016.","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-2015-339"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D'Amico, G., Amodeo, A., Baars, H., Binietoglou, I., Freudenthaler, V.,\nMattis, I., Wandinger, U., and Pappalardo, G.: EARLINET Single Calculus Chain\n\u2013 overview on methodology and strategy, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 4891\u20134916,\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amt-8-4891-2015, 2015.","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-8-4891-2015"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D'Amico, G., Amodeo, A., Mattis, I., Freudenthaler, V., and Pappalardo, G.:\nEARLINET Single Calculus Chain \u2013 technical \u2013 Part 1: Pre-processing of raw\nlidar data, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 491\u2013507, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amt-9-491-2016,\n2016.","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-9-491-2016"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Engelmann, R., Kanitz, T., Baars, H., Heese, B., Althausen, D., Skupin, A.,\nWandinger, U., Komppula, M., Stachlewska, I. S., Amiridis, V., Marinou, E.,\nMattis, I., Linn\u00e9, H., and Ansmann, A.: EARLINET Raman Lidar PollyXT: the\nneXT generation, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., 8, 7737\u20137780,\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amtd-8-7737-2015, 2015.","DOI":"10.5194\/amtd-8-7737-2015"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Engelmann, R., Guerrero-Rascado, J. L.,\nAlados-Arboledas, L., Wandinger, U., Freudenthaler, V., Baars, H., Mattis,\nI., Gro\u00df, S., Pappalardo, G., Amodeo, A., D'Amico, G., Giunta, A.,\nChaikovsky, A., Osipenko, F., Slesar, A., Nicolae, D., Belegante, L.,\nSerikov, I., Linn\u00e9, H., Jansen, F., Apituley, A., Wilson, K., Trickl, T.,\nand Rocadenbosch, F.: Calibrated backscatter measurements at 1064\u202fnm with\nlidar: Techniques used in EARLINET and ACTRIS, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss.,\nin preparation, 2016."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fernald, F.\u00a0G.: Analysis of atmospheric lidar observations: some comments,\nAppl. Opt., 23, 652\u2013653, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/AO.23.000652, 1984.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.23.000652"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freudenthaler, V.: About the effects of polarising optics on lidar signals\nand the \u039490-calibration, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss.,\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amt-2015-338, in review, 2016.","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-2015-338-supplement"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freudenthaler, V., Esselborn, M., Wiegner, M., Heese, B., Tesche, M., Ansmann,\nA., M\u00fcller, D., Althausen, D., Wirth, M., Fix, A., Ehret, G., Knippertz,\nP., Toledano, C., Gasteiger, J., Garhammer, M., and Seefeldner, M.:\nDepolarization ratio profiling at several wavelengths in pure Saharan dust\nduring SAMUM 2006,\nTellus\u00a0B, 61, 165\u2013179, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0889.2008.00396.x, 2009.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0889.2008.00396.x"},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"Freudenthaler,\nV., Linn\u00e9, H., Chaikovsky, A., Gro\u00df, S., and Rabus, D.: Internal\nquality assurance tools, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., in preparation, 2016."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freudenthaler, V., Seefeldner, M., Gro\u00df, S., and Wandinger, U.:\nAccuracy of linear depolarisation ratios in clean air ranges measured with\nPOLIS-6 at 355 and 532\u202fnm,\n27th International Laser Radar Conference, 6\u201310 July 2015, New York City, USA,\navailable at: http:\/\/epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de\/24942\/\u00a0(last access: 18 February 2016), 2015.","DOI":"10.1051\/epjconf\/201611925013"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guerrero-Rascado, J. L., Ruiz, B., and Alados-Arboledas, L.:\nMulti-spectral Lidar characterization of the vertical structure of Saharan\ndust aerosol over Southern Spain,\nAtmos. Environ., 42, 2668\u20132681, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2007.12.062, 2008.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2007.12.062"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guerrero-Rascado, J. L., Olmo, F. J., Avil\u00e9s-Rodr\u00edguez, I.,\nNavas-Guzm\u00e1n, F., P\u00e9rez-Ram\u00edrez, D., Lyamani, H., and Alados\nArboledas, L.: Extreme Saharan dust event over the southern Iberian Peninsula\nin september 2007: active and passive remote sensing from surface and\nsatellite, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8453\u20138469, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/acp-9-8453-2009,\n2009.","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-9-8453-2009"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, D., Rocadenbosch, F., Sicard, M., Comer\u00f3n, A., Mu\u00f1oz, C.,\nLange, D., Tom\u00e1s, S., and Gregorio, E.:\nSix-channel polychromator design and implementation for the UPC elastic\/Raman\nlidar, in: Proc.\u00a0of SPIE, Vol.\u00a08182, edited by: Singh, U. N. and Pappalardo,\nG., pp.\u00a081820W\u20131\u201381820W\u201310, International Society for Optics and Photonics,\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/12.896305, 2011.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.896305"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leblanc, T., Walsh, T. D., McDermid, I. S., Toon, G. C., Blavier, J.-F.,\nHaines, B., Read, W. G., Herman, B., Fetzer, E., Sander, S., Pongetti, T.,\nWhiteman, D. N., McGee, T. G., Twigg, L., Sumnicht, G., Venable, D., Calhoun,\nM., Dirisu, A., Hurst, D., Jordan, A., Hall, E., Miloshevich, L., V\u00f6mel,\nH., Straub, C., Kampfer, N., Nedoluha, G. E., Gomez, R. M., Holub, K.,\nGutman, S., Braun, J., Vanhove, T., Stiller, G., and Hauchecorne, A.:\nMeasurements of Humidity in the Atmosphere and Validation Experiments\n(MOHAVE)-2009: overview of campaign operations and results, Atmos. Meas.\nTech., 4, 2579\u20132605, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amt-4-2579-2011, 2011.","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-4-2579-2011"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Madonna, F., Amodeo, A., Boselli, A., Cornacchia, C., Cuomo, V., D'Amico, G.,\nGiunta, A., Mona, L., and Pappalardo, G.: CIAO: the CNR-IMAA advanced\nobservatory for atmospheric research, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, 1191\u20131208,\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amt-4-1191-2011, 2011.","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-4-1191-2011"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matthias, V., Freudenthaler, V., Amodeo, A., Balin, I., Balis, D.,\nB\u00f6senberg, J., Chaikovsky, A., Chourdakis, G., Comeron, A., Delaval, A.,\nDe\u00a0Tomasi, F., Eixmann, R., H\u00e5g\u00e5rd, A., Komguem, L., Kreipl, S.,\nMatthey, R., Rizi, V., Rodrigues, J., Wandinger, U., and Wang, X.:\nAerosol lidar intercomparison in the framework of the EARLINET project.\n1. Instruments,\nAppl. Opt., 43, 961\u2013976, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/AO.43.000961, 2004.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.43.000961"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mattis, I., Ansmann, A., M\u00fcller, D., Wandinger, U., and Althausen, D.:\nMultiyear aerosol observations with dual-wavelength Raman lidar in the\nframework of EARLINET,\nJ. Geophys. Res., 109, D13203, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2004JD004600, 2004.","DOI":"10.1029\/2004JD004600"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mattis, I., Ansmann, A., M\u00fcller, D., Wandinger, U., and Althausen, D.:\nSystematic error of lidar profiles caused by a polarization-dependent receiver\ntransmission: Quantification and error correction scheme,\nAppl. Opt., 48, 2742\u20132751, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/AO.48.002742, 2009.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.48.002742"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mattis, I., D'Amico, G., Baars, H., Amodeo, A., Madonna, F., and Ialori, M.:\nEARLINET Single Calculus Chain \u2013 technical \u2013 Part 2: Calculations of optical\nproducts,\nAtmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., submitted, 2016.","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-2016-43"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, D., Wandinger, U., and Ansmann, A.:\nMicrophysical particle parameters from extinction and backscatter lidar\ndata by inversion with regularization: Theory,\nAppl. Opt., 38, 2346\u20132357, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/AO.38.002346, 1999.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.38.002346"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, D., B\u00f6ckmann, C., Kolgotin, A., Schneidenbach, L., Chemyakin,\nE., Rosemann, J., Znak, P., and Romanov, A.: Microphysical particle\nproperties derived from inversion algorithms developed in the framework of\nEARLINET, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., 8, 12823\u201312885,\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amtd-8-12823-2015, 2015.","DOI":"10.5194\/amtd-8-12823-2015"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nair, P. J., Godin-Beekmann, S., Froidevaux, L., Flynn, L. E., Zawodny, J.\nM., Russell III, J. M., Pazmi\u00f1o, A., Ancellet, G., Steinbrecht, W.,\nClaude, H., Leblanc, T., McDermid, S., van Gijsel, J. A. E., Johnson, B.,\nThomas, A., Hubert, D., Lambert, J.-C., Nakane, H., and Swart, D. P. J.:\nRelative drifts and stability of satellite and ground-based stratospheric\nozone profiles at NDACC lidar stations, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 5, 1301\u20131318,\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amt-5-1301-2012, 2012.","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-5-1301-2012"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nemuc, A., Vasilescu, J., Talianu, C., Belegante, L., and Nicolae, D.:\nAssessment of aerosol's mass concentrations from measured linear particle\ndepolarization ratio (vertically resolved) and simulations, Atmos. Meas.\nTech., 6, 3243\u20133255, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amt-6-3243-2013, 2013.","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-6-3243-2013"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pappalardo, G., Amodeo, A., Pandolfi, M., Wandinger, U., Ansmann, A.,\nB\u00f6senberg, J., Matthias, V., Amiridis, V., De Tomasi, F., Frioud, M.,\nIarlori, M., Komguem, L., Papayannis, A., Rocadenbosch, F., and Wang, X.:\nAerosol lidar intercomparison in the framework of the EARLINET project. 3.\nRaman lidar algorithm for aerosol extinction, backscatter and lidar ratio,\nAppl. Opt., 43, 5370\u20135385, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/AO.43.005370, 2004.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.43.005370"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pappalardo, G., Amodeo, A., Apituley, A., Comeron, A., Freudenthaler, V.,\nLinn\u00e9, H., Ansmann, A., B\u00f6senberg, J., D'Amico, G., Mattis, I., Mona,\nL., Wandinger, U., Amiridis, V., Alados-Arboledas, L., Nicolae, D., and\nWiegner, M.: EARLINET: towards an advanced sustainable European aerosol lidar\nnetwork, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 2389\u20132409, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amt-7-2389-2014,\n2014.","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-7-2389-2014"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perrone, M. R., De Tomasi, F., and Gobbi, G. P.: Vertically resolved aerosol\nproperties by multi-wavelength lidar measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14,\n1185\u20131204, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/acp-14-1185-2014, 2014.","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-14-1185-2014"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rizi, V., Iarlori, M., Rocci, G., and Visconti, G.:\nRaman lidar observations of cloud liquid water,\nAppl. Opt., 43, 6440\u20136453, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/AO.43.006440, 2004.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.43.006440"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmidt, J., Wandinger, U., and Malinka, A.:\nDual-field-of-view Raman lidar measurements for the retrieval of cloud\nmicrophysical properties,\nAppl. Opt., 52, 2235\u20132247, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/AO.52.002235, 2013.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.52.002235"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stoyanov, D., Grigorov, I., Kolarov, G., Peshev, Z., and Dreischuh, T.:\nLIDAR Atmospheric Sensing by Metal Vapor and Nd:YAG Lasers,\nin Advanced Photonic Sciences, edited by: Fadhali, M., ISBN 978-953-307-927-1,\nInTech, 2011.","DOI":"10.5772\/29325"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Veselovskii, I., Kolgotin, A., Griaznov, V., M\u00fcller, D., Wandinger, U.,\nand Whiteman, D.\u00a0N.:\nInversion with regularization for the retrieval of tropospheric aerosol\nparameters from multiwavelength lidar sounding,\nAppl. Opt., 41, 3685\u20133699, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/AO.41.003685, 2002.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.41.003685"}],"container-title":["Atmospheric Measurement Techniques"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/amt.copernicus.org\/articles\/9\/1001\/2016\/amt-9-1001-2016.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T07:27:02Z","timestamp":1738999622000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/amt.copernicus.org\/articles\/9\/1001\/2016\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/amt-9-1001-2016","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5194\/amtd-8-10473-2015","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5194\/amtd-8-10473-2015","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1867-8548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1867-8548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]]}}}