{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T20:49:08Z","timestamp":1774903748149,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Copernicus GmbH","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,6]],"date-time":"2018-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["603418"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["603418"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biogeosciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract. Future deep-sea mining for polymetallic nodules in abyssal plains will\nnegatively impact the benthic ecosystem, but it is largely unclear whether\nthis ecosystem will be able to recover from mining disturbance and if so, to\nwhat extent and at what timescale. During the \u201cDISturbance and\nreCOLonization\u201d (DISCOL) experiment, a total of 22\u2009% of the seafloor\nwithin a 10.8\u2009km2 circular area of the nodule-rich seafloor in the Peru\nBasin (SE Pacific) was ploughed in 1989 to bury nodules and mix the surface\nsediment. This area was revisited 0.1, 0.5, 3, 7, and 26\u00a0years after the\ndisturbance to assess macrofauna, invertebrate megafauna and fish density and\ndiversity. We used this unique abyssal faunal time series to develop\ncarbon-based food web models for each point in the time series using the\nlinear inverse modeling approach for sediments subjected to two disturbance\nlevels: (1)\u00a0outside the plough tracks; not directly disturbed by plough, but\nprobably suffered from additional sedimentation; and (2)\u00a0inside the plough\ntracks. Total faunal carbon stock was always higher outside plough tracks\ncompared with inside plough tracks. After 26\u00a0years, the carbon stock inside\nthe plough tracks was 54\u2009% of the carbon stock outside plough tracks.\nDeposit feeders were least affected by the disturbance, with modeled\nrespiration, external predation, and excretion rates being reduced by only\n2.6\u2009% inside plough tracks compared with outside plough tracks after\n26\u00a0years. In contrast, the respiration rate of filter and suspension feeders\nwas 79.5\u2009% lower in the plough tracks after 26\u00a0years. The \u201ctotal system\nthroughput\u201d (T..), i.e., the total sum of modeled carbon flows in the food web,\nwas higher throughout the time series outside plough tracks compared with\nthe corresponding inside plough tracks area and was lowest inside plough tracks\ndirectly after the disturbance (8.63\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u22123\u2009\u00b1\u20091.58\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u22125\u2009mmol\u2009C\u2009m\u22122\u2009d\u22121). Even 26\u00a0years after the DISCOL\ndisturbance, the discrepancy of T.. between outside and inside plough\ntracks was still 56\u2009%. Hence, C cycling within the faunal compartments of\nan abyssal plain ecosystem remains reduced 26\u00a0years after physical\ndisturbance, and a longer period is required for the system to recover from\nsuch a small-scale sediment disturbance experiment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-15-4131-2018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,8]],"date-time":"2018-07-08T23:46:42Z","timestamp":1531093602000},"page":"4131-4145","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Abyssal plain faunal carbon flows remain depressed 26 years after a simulated deep-sea mining disturbance"],"prefix":"10.5194","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7997-1157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanja","family":"Stratmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Lins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5427-0151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Autun","family":"Purser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1686-8045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yann","family":"Marcon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3426-8342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara F.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ascens\u00e3o","family":"Ravara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8833-6980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina R.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9667-2917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik","family":"Simon-Lled\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5218-1649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel O. B.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andrew K.","family":"Sweetman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"K\u00f6ser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dick","family":"van Oevelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"3145","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amon, D. J., Hil\u00e1rio, A., Mart\u00ednez Arbizu, P., and Smith, C. R.:\nObservations of organic falls from the abyssal Clarion-Clipperton Zone in the\ntropical eastern Pacific Ocean, Mar. Biodivers., 47, 311\u2013321,\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12526-016-0572-4, 2017.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12526-016-0572-4"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bailey, D. M., Ruhl, H. A., and Smith, K. 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