{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T14:50:55Z","timestamp":1775487055181,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":141,"publisher":"Copernicus GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]],"date-time":"2020-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010665","name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biogeosciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract. Southern Ocean waters are projected to undergo profound changes in their\nphysical and chemical properties in the coming decades. Coccolithophore\nblooms in the Southern Ocean are thought to account for a major fraction of\nthe global marine calcium carbonate (CaCO3) production and export to\nthe deep sea. Therefore, changes in the composition and abundance of\nSouthern Ocean coccolithophore populations are likely to alter the marine\ncarbon cycle, with feedbacks to the rate of global climate change. However,\nthe contribution of coccolithophores to CaCO3 export in the Southern\nOcean is uncertain, particularly in the circumpolar subantarctic zone that\nrepresents about half of the areal extent of the Southern Ocean and where\ncoccolithophores are most abundant. Here, we present measurements of annual\nCaCO3 flux and quantitatively partition them amongst coccolithophore\nspecies and heterotrophic calcifiers at two sites representative of a large\nportion of the subantarctic zone. We find that coccolithophores account for\na major fraction of the annual CaCO3 export, with the highest contributions\nin waters with low algal biomass accumulations. Notably, our analysis\nreveals that although Emiliania huxleyi is an important vector for CaCO3 export to the\ndeep sea, less abundant but larger species account for most of the annual\ncoccolithophore CaCO3 flux. This observation contrasts with the\ngenerally accepted notion that high particulate inorganic carbon accumulations during the austral\nsummer in the subantarctic Southern Ocean are mainly caused by E. huxleyi blooms. It\nappears likely that the climate-induced migration of oceanic fronts will\ninitially result in the poleward expansion of large coccolithophore species\nincreasing CaCO3 production. However, subantarctic coccolithophore\npopulations will eventually diminish as acidification overwhelms those\nchanges. Overall, our analysis emphasizes the need for species-centred\nstudies to improve our ability to project future changes in phytoplankton\ncommunities and their influence on marine biogeochemical cycles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-17-245-2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]],"date-time":"2020-01-17T06:16:01Z","timestamp":1579241761000},"page":"245-263","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Coccolithophore biodiversity controls carbonate export in the Southern Ocean"],"prefix":"10.5194","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1521-3896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s S.","family":"Rigual Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Thomas W.","family":"Trull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Nodder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1909-293X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Bostock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9110-0212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Abrantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ruth S.","family":"Eriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8647-456X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Sierro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Diana M.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anne-Marie","family":"Ballegeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6914-6871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Fuertes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lisa C.","family":"Northcote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"3145","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Acker, J. 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