{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T06:08:46Z","timestamp":1772258926878,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Copernicus GmbH","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]],"date-time":"2018-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clim. Past"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract. Here, we establish a spatiotemporal evolution of the sea-surface\ntemperatures in the North Atlantic over Dansgaard\u2013Oeschger (DO) events 5\u20138\n(approximately\u00a030\u201340\u2009kyr) using the proxy surrogate reconstruction method. Proxy data\nsuggest a large variability in North Atlantic sea-surface temperatures during\nthe DO events of the last glacial period. However, proxy data availability is\nlimited and cannot provide a full spatial picture of the oceanic changes.\nTherefore, we combine fully coupled, general circulation model simulations\nwith planktic foraminifera based sea-surface temperature reconstructions to\nobtain a broader spatial picture of the ocean state during DO events 5\u20138. The\nresulting spatial sea-surface temperature patterns agree over a number of\ndifferent general circulation models and simulations. We find that\nsea-surface temperature variability over the DO events is characterized by\ncolder conditions in the subpolar North Atlantic during stadials than during\ninterstadials, and the variability is linked to changes in the Atlantic\nMeridional Overturning circulation and in the sea-ice cover. Forced\nsimulations are needed to capture the strength of the temperature variability\nand to reconstruct the variability in other climatic records not directly\nlinked to the sea-surface temperature reconstructions. This is the first time\nthe proxy surrogate reconstruction method has been applied to oceanic\nvariability during MIS3. Our results remain robust, even when age\nuncertainties of proxy data, the number of available temperature\nreconstructions, and different climate models are considered. However, we\nalso highlight shortcomings of the methodology that should be addressed in\nfuture implementations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5194\/cp-14-901-2018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]],"date-time":"2018-06-26T09:28:12Z","timestamp":1530005292000},"page":"901-922","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A spatiotemporal reconstruction of sea-surface temperatures in the North Atlantic during Dansgaard\u2013Oeschger events 5\u20138"],"prefix":"10.5194","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mari F.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7591-3504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksi","family":"Nummelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5031-9373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f8ren B.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Sadatzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Evangeline","family":"Sessford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7206-2193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bj\u00f8rg","family":"Risebrobakken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carin","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6465-6023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antje","family":"Voelker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"William H. G.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0728-2712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel","family":"Pedro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Born","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"3145","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Alley, R.: GISP2 Ice Core Temperature and Accumulation Data, iGBP PAGES\/World\nData Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series 2004-013, NOAA\/NGDC\nPaleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA, 2004.\u2002a"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arzel, O., Colin\u00a0de Verdiere, A., and England, M.\u00a0H.: The Role of Oceanic Heat\nTransport and Wind Stress Forcing in Abrupt Millennial-Scale Climate\nTransitions, J. 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