{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T00:34:25Z","timestamp":1774053265870,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":142,"publisher":"Copernicus GmbH","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]],"date-time":"2019-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001649","name":"European Geosciences Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EGU TE Winter call, grant number W2017\/413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EGU TE Winter call, grant number W2017\/413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001649","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001631","name":"University College Dublin","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SF1428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SF1428"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001631","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Global Change 2.0: Unlocking the past for a clearer future, grant number 694481"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Global Change 2.0: Unlocking the past for a clearer future, grant number 694481"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000270","name":"Natural Environment Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPI-Belmont project &quot;PAleao-Constraints on Monsoon Evolution and Dynamics (PACMEDY)&quot;"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPI-Belmont project &quot;PAleao-Constraints on Monsoon Evolution and Dynamics (PACMEDY)&quot;"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001601","name":"Royal Irish Academy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Charlemont Scholar award 2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Charlemont Scholar award 2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RE3994\/2-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RE3994\/2-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clim. Past"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract. Although quantitative isotope data from speleothems has been used\nto evaluate isotope-enabled model simulations, currently no consensus exists\nregarding the most appropriate methodology through which to achieve this. A\nnumber of modelling groups will be running isotope-enabled palaeoclimate\nsimulations in the framework of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project\nPhase\u00a06, so it is timely to evaluate different approaches to using the\nspeleothem data for data\u2013model comparisons. Here, we illustrate this using\n456\u00a0globally distributed speleothem \u03b418O records from an\nupdated version of the Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and Analysis (SISAL)\ndatabase and palaeoclimate simulations generated using the ECHAM5-wiso\nisotope-enabled atmospheric circulation model. We show that the SISAL\nrecords reproduce the first-order spatial patterns of isotopic variability\nin the modern day, strongly supporting the application of this dataset for\nevaluating model-derived isotope variability into the past. However, the\ndiscontinuous nature of many speleothem records complicates the process of procuring large\nnumbers of records if data\u2013model comparisons are made using the traditional\napproach of comparing anomalies between a control period and a given\npalaeoclimate experiment. To circumvent this issue, we illustrate techniques\nthrough which the absolute isotope values during any time period could be\nused for model evaluation. Specifically, we show that speleothem isotope\nrecords allow an assessment of a model's ability to simulate spatial\nisotopic trends. Our analyses provide a protocol for using speleothem\nisotope data for model evaluation, including screening the observations to\ntake into account the impact of speleothem mineralogy on \u03b418O\nvalues, the optimum period for the modern observational baseline and the\nselection of an appropriate time window for creating means of the isotope\ndata for palaeo-time-slices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5194\/cp-15-1557-2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]],"date-time":"2019-08-09T05:21:58Z","timestamp":1565328118000},"page":"1557-1579","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Evaluating model outputs using integrated global speleothem records of climate change since the last glacial"],"prefix":"10.5194","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7882-4996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laia","family":"Comas-Bru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5687-1903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandy P.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6473-0243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Werner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9442-5362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kira","family":"Rehfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2315-9199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nick","family":"Scroxton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9323-0723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Veiga-Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"name":"SISAL working group members","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"3145","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Atkinson, T. 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