{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T06:41:54Z","timestamp":1772260914499,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Copernicus GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,3]],"date-time":"2016-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Earth Syst. Sci. Data"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract. A compiled set of in situ data is important to evaluate the quality of ocean-colour satellite-data records. Here we describe the data compiled for the validation of the ocean-colour products from the ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI). The data were acquired from several sources (MOBY, BOUSSOLE, AERONET-OC, SeaBASS, NOMAD, MERMAID, AMT, ICES, HOT, GeP&amp;amp;CO), span between 1997 and 2012, and have a global distribution. Observations of the following variables were compiled: spectral remote-sensing reflectances, concentrations of chlorophyll\u00a0a, spectral inherent optical properties and spectral diffuse attenuation coefficients. The data were from multi-project archives acquired via the open internet services or from individual projects, acquired directly from data providers. Methodologies were implemented for homogenisation, quality control and merging of all data. No changes were made to the original data, other than averaging of observations that were close in time and space, elimination of some points after quality control and conversion to a standard format. The final result is a merged table designed for validation of satellite-derived ocean-colour products and available in text format. Metadata of each in situ measurement (original source, cruise or experiment, principal investigator) were preserved throughout the work and made available in the final table. Using all the data in a validation exercise increases the number of matchups and enhances the representativeness of different marine regimes. By making available the metadata, it is also possible to analyse each set of data separately. The compiled data are available at doi:10.1594\/PANGAEA.854832 (Valente et al., 2015).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-8-235-2016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,3]],"date-time":"2016-06-03T09:04:40Z","timestamp":1464944680000},"page":"235-252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean-colour satellite  applications"],"prefix":"10.5194","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Valente","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shubha","family":"Sathyendranath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8612-4167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanda","family":"Brotas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Groom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Malcolm","family":"Taberner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9082-2395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Antoine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Arnone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"William M.","family":"Balch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Barker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ray","family":"Barlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Simon","family":"B\u00e9langer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Berthon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9615-4746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u015e\u00fckr\u00fc","family":"Be\u015fiktepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2193-5695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vittorio","family":"Brando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Canuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Chavez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6243-0258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Claustre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Crout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Frouin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Garc\u00eda-Soto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Stuart W.","family":"Gibb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Gould","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Stanford","family":"Hooker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mati","family":"Kahru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Kratzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hubert","family":"Loisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David","family":"McKee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8550-4333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian G.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tiffany","family":"Moisan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3159-5011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Muller-Karger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Leonie","family":"O'Dowd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Ondrusek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5149-6961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex J.","family":"Poulton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Repecaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0659-1422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy","family":"Smyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4591-2842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidi M.","family":"Sosik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Twardowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Voss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Werdell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"Wernand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Zibordi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"3145","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Amante, C. and Eakins, B. W.: ETOPO1, 1\u00a0Arc-Minute Global Relief Model: Procedures, Data Sources and Analysis, NOAA Technical Memorandum NESDIS NGDC-24. National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, available at: https:\/\/catalog.data.gov\/dataset\/etopo1-1-arc-minute-global-relief-model\/resource\/9e53be26-60cb-4139-b70c-51a2c4561bbb (last access: 3\u00a0June 2016), 2009."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antoine, D., Andr\u00e9, J. M., and Morel, A.: Oceanic primary production: 2.\u00a0Estimation at global scale from satellite (CZCS) chlorophyll, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 10, 57\u201370, 1996.","DOI":"10.1029\/95GB02832"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Antoine, D., Chami, M., Claustre, H., D'Ortenzio, F., Morel, A., B\u00e9cu, G., Gentili, B., Louis, F., Ras, J., Roussier, E., Scott, A. J., Tailliez, D., Hooker, S. B.,Guevel, P., Dest\u00e9, J.-F., Dempsey, C., and Adams, D.: BOUSSOLE : a joint CNRS-INSU, ESA, CNES and NASA Ocean Color Calibration And Validation Activity. NASA Technical memorandum No.\u00a02006-214147, 61\u00a0pp., available at: http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20070028812.pdf (last access: 3\u00a0June 2016), 2006."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antoine, D., Guevel, P., Dest\u00e9, J.-F., B\u00e9cu, G., Louis, F., Scott, A., and Bardey, P.: The \u201cBOUSSOLE\u201d Buoy \u2013 A New Transparent-to-Swell Taut Mooring Dedicated to Marine Optics: Design, Tests, and Performance at Sea. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 25, 968\u2013989, 2008.","DOI":"10.1175\/2007JTECHO563.1"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bailey, S. W. and Werdell, P. J.: A multi-sensor approach for the on-orbit validation of ocean color satellite data products, Remote Sens. Environ., 102, 12\u201323, 2006.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2006.01.015"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Barker, K.: In-situ Measurement Protocols. Part\u00a0A: Apparent Optical Properties, Issue\u00a02.0, Doc. no: CO-SCI-ARG-TN-0008, ARGANS Ltd., p.\u00a0126, available at: http:\/\/mermaid.acri.fr\/dataproto\/CO-SCI-ARG-TN-0008_In-situ_Measurement_Protocols-AOPs_Issue2_Mar2013.pdf (last access: 3\u00a0June 2016), 2013a."},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Barker, K.: In-situ Measurement Protocols. Part\u00a0B: Inherent Optical Properties and in-water constituents, Issue\u00a01.0, Doc. no: CO-SCI-ARG-TN-0008, ARGANS Ltd., p.\u00a039, available at: http:\/\/mermaid.acri.fr\/dataproto\/CO-SCI-ARG-TN-0008_In-situ_Measurement_Protocols-IOPs-Constituents_Issue1_Mar2013.pdf (last access: 3\u00a0June 2016), 2013b."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bricaud, A., Claustre, H., Ras, J., and Oubelkheir, K.: Natural variability of phytoplanktonic absorption in oceanic waters: Influence of the size sctructure of algal populations, J. Geophys. Res., 109, C11010, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2004JC002419, 2004.","DOI":"10.1029\/2004JC002419"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Clark, D. K., Yarborough, M. A., Feinholz, M. E., Flora, S., Broenkow, W., Kim, Y. S., Johnson, B. C., Brown, S. W., Yuen, M., and Mueller, J. L.: MOBY, A Radiometric Buoy for Performance Monitoring and Vicarious Calibration of Satellite Ocean Colour Sensors: Measurements and Data Analysis Protocols, in: Ocean Optics Protocols for Satellite Ocean Colour Sensor Validation, edited by: Muller, J. L., Fargion, G., and McClain, C., NASA Technical Memo. 2003-211621\/Rev4, Vol.\u00a0VI, 3\u201334, NASA\/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD, USA, 2003."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dandonneau, Y. and Niang, A.: Assemblages of phytoplankton pigments along a shipping line through the North Atlantic and Tropical Pacific, Prog. Oceanogr., 73, 127\u2013144, 2007.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pocean.2007.02.003"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gordon, H. R. and Clark, D. K.: Clear water radiances for atmospheric correction of coastal zone color scanner imagery, Appl. Optics, 20, 4175\u20134180, 1981.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.20.004175"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gregg, W. W. and Carder, K. L.: A simple spectral solar irradiance model for cloudless maritime atmospheres, Limnol. Oceanogr., 35, 1657\u20131675, 1990.","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1990.35.8.1657"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"IOCCG: Report\u00a05: Remote Sensing of Inherent Optical Properties: Fundamentals, Tests of Algorithms, and Applications, in: Reports of the International Ocean-Colour Coordinating Group, edited by: Lee, Z.-P., No.\u00a05. vol.\u00a05, IOCCG, 2006, Dartmouth, Canada, p.\u00a0126, 2006."},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"IOCCG: Why Ocean Colour? The Societal Benefits of Ocean-Colour Technology, in: Reports of the International Ocean-Colour Coordinating Group, edited by: Platt, T., Hoepffner, N., Stuart, V., and Brown, C., No.\u00a07, IOCCG, Dartmouth, Canada, 2008."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karl, D. M. and Michaels, A. F.: The Hawaiian Ocean Time-series (HOT) and Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) \u2013 Preface, Deep-Sea Res.\u00a0II, 43, 127\u2013128, 1996.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0967-0645(96)90000-4"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morel, A. and Gentilli, B.: Diffuse Reflectance of Oceanic Waters. 3.\u00a0Implications of Bidirectionality for the Remote-Sensing Problem, Appl. Optics, 35, 4850\u20134862, 1996.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.35.004850"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morel, A. and Maritorena, S.: Bio-optical properties of oceanic waters: A reappraisal, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 7163\u20137180, 2001.","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JC000319"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morel, A., Antoine, D., and Gentilli, B.: Bidirectional reflectance of oceanic waters: accounting for Raman emission and varying particle scattering phase function, Appl. Optics, 41, 6289\u20136306, 2002.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.41.006289"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nechad, B., Ruddick, K., Schroeder, T., Oubelkheir, K., Blondeau-Patissier, D., Cherukuru, N., Brando, V., Dekker, A., Clementson, L., Banks, A. C., Maritorena, S., Werdell, P. J., S\u00e1, C., Brotas, V., Caballero de Frutos, I., Ahn, Y.-H., Salama, S., Tilstone, G., Martinez-Vicente, V., Foley, D., McKibben, M., Nahorniak, J., Peterson, T., Sili\u00f2-Calzada, A., R\u00f6ttgers, R., Lee, Z., Peters, M., and Brockmann, C.: CoastColour Round Robin data sets: a database to evaluate the performance of algorithms for the retrieval of water quality parameters in coastal waters, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 7, 319\u2013348, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/essd-7-319-2015, 2015.","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-7-319-2015"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pope, R. and Fry, E.: Absorption spectrum (380\u2013700\u202fnm) of pure waters: II.\u00a0Integrating cavity measurements, Appl. Optics, 36, 8710\u20138723, 1997.","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.36.008710"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robinson, C., Poulton, A. J., Holligan, P. M., Baker, A. R., Forster, G., Gist, N., Jickells, T. D., Malin G., Upstill-Goddard, R., Williams, R. G., Woodward, E. M. S., and Zubkov, M. V.: The Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) Programme: a contextual view 1995\u20132005, Deep-Sea Res.\u00a0II, 53, 1485\u20131515, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsr2.2006.05.015, 2006.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2006.05.015"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Thuillier, G., Hers\u00e9, M., Labs, D., Foujols, T., Peetermans, W., Gillotay, D., Simon, P. C., and Mandel, H.: The solar spectral irradiance from 200\u202fnnm to 2400\u202fnm as measured by the SOLSPEC spectrometer from the ATLAS 1-2-3 and EURECA missions, Sol. Phys., 214, 1\u201322, 2003."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tiwari, S. P. and Shanmugam, P.: An optical model for deriving the spectral particulate backscattering coefficients in oceanic waters, Ocean Sci., 9, 987\u20131001, 2013.","DOI":"10.5194\/os-9-987-2013"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trees, C. C., Kennicutt II, M. C., and Brooks, J. M.: Errors associated with the standard fluorimetric determination of chlorophylls and phaeopigments, Mar. Chem., 17, 1\u201312, 1985.","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4203(85)90032-5"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valente, A., Sathyendranath, S., Brotas, V., Groom, S., Grant, M., Taberner, M., Antoine, D., Arnone, R., Balch, W. M., Barker, K., Barlow, R., B\u00e9langer, S., Berthon, J.-F., Besiktepe, S., Brando, V., Canuti, E., Chavez, F. P., Claustre, H., Crout, R., Frouin, R., Garc\u00eda-Soto, C., Gibb, S., Gould, R., Hooker, S., Kahru, M., Klein, H., Kratzer, S., Loisel, H., McKee, D,. Mitchell, G., Moisan, T., Muller-Karger, F. E., O'Dowd, L., Ondrusek, M., Poulton, A. J., Repecaud, M., Smyth, T. J., Sosik, H., Twardowski, M. S., Voss, K., Werdell, P. J., Wernand, M. R., and Zibordi, G.: A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean-colour satellite applications, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1594\/PANGAEA.854832, 2015.","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-8-235-2016"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Werdell, P. J. and Bailey, S. W.: An improved bio-optical data set for ocean color algorithm development and satellite data product validation, Remote Sens. Environ., 98, 122\u2013140, 2005.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2005.07.001"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Werdell, P. J., Bailey, S., Fargion, G., Pietras, C., Knobelspiesse, K., Feldman, G., and McClain, C.: Unique data repository facilitates ocean color satellite validation, EOS Transactions AGU, 84, 377\u2013387, 2003.","DOI":"10.1029\/2003EO380001"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Hu, L., and He, M.-X.: Scattering by pure seawater: Effect of Salinity, Opt. Express, 17, 5698\u20135710, 2009.","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.17.005698"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zibordi, G., Holben, B. N., Hooker, S. B., M\u00e9lin, F., Berthon, J.-F., Slutsker, I., Giles, D., Vandemark, D., Feng, H., Rutledge, K., Schuster, G., and Al Mandoos, A.: A network for standardized ocean color validation measurements, EOS Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 87, 293\u2013297, 2006.","DOI":"10.1029\/2006EO300001"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zibordi, G., Holben, B. N., Slutsker, I., Giles, D., D'Alimonte, D., M\u00e9lin, F., Berthon, J.-F., Vandemark, D., Feng, H., Schuster, G., Fabbri, B. E., Kaitala, S., and Sepp\u00e4l\u00e4, J.: AERONET-OC: A network for the validation of ocean color primary radiometric products, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 26, 1634\u20131651, 2009.","DOI":"10.1175\/2009JTECHO654.1"}],"container-title":["Earth System Science Data"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/essd.copernicus.org\/articles\/8\/235\/2016\/essd-8-235-2016.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T06:02:45Z","timestamp":1738994565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/essd.copernicus.org\/articles\/8\/235\/2016\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,3]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/essd-8-235-2016","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5194\/essd-2015-37","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5194\/essd-2015-37","asserted-by":"object"}],"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5194\/essd-2015-37-RC1","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5194\/essd-2015-37-AC2","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5194\/essd-2015-37-RC2","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5194\/essd-2015-37-AC1","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5194\/essd-2015-37-AC1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5194\/essd-2015-37-AC2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5194\/essd-2015-37-RC1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5194\/essd-2015-37-RC2","asserted-by":"object"}],"is-part-of":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1594\/PANGAEA.854832","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1866-3516"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1866-3516","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,3]]}}}