{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T04:51:31Z","timestamp":1773204691690,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Copernicus GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,4]],"date-time":"2019-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Geosci. Model Dev."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract. Biomass burning is an important environmental process\nwith a strong influence on vegetation and on the atmospheric composition. It\ncompetes with microbes and herbivores to convert biomass to CO2 and it\nis a major contributor of gases and aerosols to the atmosphere. To better\nunderstand and predict global fire occurrence, fire models have been\ndeveloped and coupled to dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) and Earth\nsystem models (ESMs). We present SEVER-FIRE\u00a0v1.0 (Socio-Economic and natural Vegetation\nExpeRimental global fire model version\u00a01.0), which is incorporated into the\nSEVER DGVM. One of the major\nfocuses of SEVER-FIRE is an implementation of pyrogenic behavior of humans\n(timing of their activities and their willingness and necessity to ignite or\nsuppress fire), related to socioeconomic and demographic conditions in a\ngeographical domain of the model application. Burned areas and emissions from\nthe SEVER model are compared to the Global Fire Emission Database version\u00a02\n(GFED), derived from satellite observations, while number of fires is\ncompared with regional historical fire statistics. We focus on both the model\noutput accuracy and its assumptions regarding fire drivers and perform (1)\u00a0an\nevaluation of the predicted spatial and temporal patterns, focusing on fire\nincidence, seasonality and interannual variability; (2)\u00a0analysis to evaluate\nthe assumptions concerning the etiology, or causation, of fire, including\nclimatic and anthropogenic drivers, as well as the type and amount of\nvegetation. SEVER reproduces the main features of climate-driven interannual fire\nvariability at a regional scale, for example the large fires associated with the\n1997\u20131998 El Ni\u00f1o event in Indonesia and Central and South America, which had\ncritical ecological and atmospheric impacts. Spatial and seasonal patterns\nof fire incidence reveal some model inaccuracies, and we discuss the\nimplications of the distribution of vegetation types inferred by the DGVM\nand of assumed proxies of human fire practices. We further suggest possible\ndevelopment directions to enable such models to better project future fire\nactivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-12-89-2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,4]],"date-time":"2019-01-04T04:55:15Z","timestamp":1546577715000},"page":"89-110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Analysis fire patterns and drivers with a global SEVER-FIRE\u00a0v1.0 model incorporated into dynamic global vegetation model and satellite and on-ground observations"],"prefix":"10.5194","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sergey","family":"Venevsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yannick","family":"Le Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2583-3669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 M. C.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3233-856X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"3145","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Albini, F. A.: Estimating wildfire behavior and effects, General Technical\nReport, INT-GTR-30,USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range\nExperiment Station, Ogden Utah, 92\u00a0pp., available at:\nhttp:\/\/www.treesearch.fs.fed.us\/pubs\/29574 (last access:\n26\u00a0December 2018), 1976."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allen, D. J. and Pickering, K. E.: Evaluation of lightning flash rate\nparameterizations for use in a global chemical transport model, J. 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