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The subtidal surface water circulation at the northern\nmargin of the Gulf of C\u00e1diz, at the southern extremity of the Iberian\nupwelling system, is described based on validated hourly high-frequency\nradar measurements from 2016 to 2020. Statistical analyses (mean, standard\ndeviation, eccentricity and empirical orthogonal functions) are applied to\nthe dataset, which is completed with ADCP time series from multiple moorings\nat five inner-shelf stations and ERA5 wind. Off the shelf, the main circulation\npattern consists of a slope current, best developed in summer when\nnorth-westerlies dominate, in particular at the most exposed western region.\nMechanisms other than upwelling must contribute to this flow in order to\nexplain its seasonal persistence. The slope circulation reverses for\nregional wind events with an east component &gt;\u200910\u2009m\u2009s\u22121,\napproximately. On the shelf, currents are mainly alongshore and balanced.\nThe circulation is generally continuous along the coast, except for weak\n(&lt;\u20090.1\u2009m\u2009s\u22121, broadly) poleward flows. In the latter case, the\nflow tends to remain equatorward near Cape Santa Maria. In winter, coastal\npoleward flows often extend over the entire margin and are mainly\nwind-driven. In summer, these flows generally consist of coastal counter\ncurrents (CCCs) with the poleward direction opposed to that of the slope\ncurrent. The CCCs are associated with significant cyclonic recirculation,\nstrongest to the west, where a transient eddy is shortly observed for weak wind\nstress. This circulation develops after periods of strong north-westerlies,\nsupporting that CCCs result from the imbalance of a regional alongshore\npressure gradient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5194\/os-18-1183-2022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]],"date-time":"2022-08-08T04:40:23Z","timestamp":1659933623000},"page":"1183-1202","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Kinematics of surface currents at the northern margin  of the Gulf of C\u00e1diz"],"prefix":"10.5194","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5899-2979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciano","family":"de Oliveira J\u00fanior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6404-5895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Relvas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4584-9759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erwan","family":"Garel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"3145","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alvarez, I., Gomez-Gesteira, M., deCastro, M., and Dias, J. 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