{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T22:24:27Z","timestamp":1780352667483,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Galenos Yayinevi","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Facts Views Vis ObGyn"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Uterine disorders have clear overlapping symptoms and ultrasound discrimination is not always easy. Accurately measuring vascularity is of diagnostic and prognostic value. Power Doppler is limited to imaging only the larger vessels. Assessment of the microvasculature requires advanced machine settings.\n\nObjectives: In this pilot study, we aimed to test the feasibility of microvascular flow imaging of benign uterine disorders.\n\nMaterial and Methods: Two experienced gynaecologists (JH, RL) randomly applied power Doppler and MV-flowTM mode during a single day, in ten patients each visiting the outpatient clinic. Images of eight patients were labelled with a diagnosis by the attending physicians and collected as coded data.\n\nMain outcome measures: Microvascular flow images of normal uterine architecture including the fallopian tube, and of benign disorders such as fibroids, adenomyosis, endometriosis and uterine niches were collected. For both Doppler techniques, qualitative descriptive evaluation of the vascular architecture and a quantitative vascular index of fibroids were provided. Finally, we evaluated the effect of the cardiac cycle.\n\nResults: All microvascular flow images showed more distinctive vascular structures than visible on power Doppler. Calculating a vascular index for fibroids on 2D MV-flowTM images was easily performed on-site. During the cardiac cycle a higher vascular index (VI 75.2) is obtained in systole as compared with diastole (VI 44.0).\n\nConclusion: Microvascular flow imaging allowed detailed visualisation of the uterine vascular architecture and is easy to use.\n\nWhat is new? Microvascular flow imaging may be of added value for diagnosing uterine disorders, as well as for pre- and post-operative assessment of suited surgical techniques. Yet, validation with histology and clinical outcomes is required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.52054\/fvvo.15.2.072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,9]],"date-time":"2023-07-09T13:16:18Z","timestamp":1688908578000},"page":"115-122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Visualisation of microvascular flow in benign uterine disorders: a pilot study of a new diagnostic technique"],"prefix":"10.52054","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Frijlingh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.A.","family":"de Leeuw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.J.M.","family":"Juffermans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"van den Bosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.A.F.","family":"Huirne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2811","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen X, Wei X, Zhao S et al. Characterization of Placental Microvascular Architecture by MV-Flow Imaging in Normal and Fetal Growth-Restricted Pregnancies. J Ultrasound Med. 2021;40:1533-42.","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15531"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cicinelli E, Einer-Jensen N, Galantino P et al. The vascular cast of the human uterus: from anatomy to physiology. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004;1034:19-26.","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1335.002"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coutinho C, Werner H, Lopes FP et al. Cutting-edge application of ultrasound elastography and superb microvascular imaging in radiofrequency ablation of uterine fibroids. J Ultrason. 2021;21:80-1.","DOI":"10.15557\/JoU.2021.0014"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dall\u2019Asta A, Grisolia G, Volpe N et al. Prenatal visualisation of the torcular herophili by means of a Doppler technology highly sensitive for low-velocity flow in the expert assessment of the posterior fossa: a prospective study. BJOG. 2021;128:347-52.","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16392"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"De Franciscis P, Riemma G, Schiattarella et al. Impact of Hysteroscopic Metroplasty on Reproductive Outcomes of Women with a Dysmorphic Uterus and Recurrent Miscarriages: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 2020;49:101763.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2020.101763"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Frijlingh M, Juffermans L, de Leeuw R et al. How to use power Doppler ultrasound in transvaginal assessment of uterine fibroids. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2022;60:277-83.","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.24879"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giuffrida A, Peixoto AB, Araujo J\u00fanior E. MV-Flow and LumiFlow: new Doppler tools for evaluating the microvasculature of the fetal head. Radiol Bras. 2021;54:348-9.","DOI":"10.1590\/0100-3984.2020.0137"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Harmsen MJ, Trommelen LM, de Leeuw RA et al. Multidisciplinary view on uterine junctional zone in uteri affected by adenomyosis: explaining discrepancies between MRI and transvaginal ultrasound images on a microscopic level. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2022."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hickey M, Fraser I. Human uterine vascular structures in normal and diseased states. Microsc Res Tech. 2003;60:377-89.","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.10276"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huirne JAF, Vervoort AJMW, Leeuw R et al. Technical aspects of the laparoscopic niche resection, a step-by-step tutorial. European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology. 2017;219:106-12.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2017.09.019"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jordans IPM, de Leeuw RL, Stegwee SI et al. Niche definition and guidance for detailed niche evaluation. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2019;98:1351-2.","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13623"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kang HJ, Lee JM, Jeon SK et al. Microvascular Flow Imaging of Residual or Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Transarterial Chemoembolization: Comparison with Color\/Power Doppler Imaging. Korean J Radiol. 2019;20:1114-23.","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2018.0932"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Keizer AL, Niewenhuis LL, Hehenkamp WJK et al. Fibroid vascularisation assessed with 3D Power Doppler as predictor for fibroid related symptoms and quality of life; a pilot study. Facts Views Vis Obgyn. 2021;13:387-94.","DOI":"10.52054\/fvvo.13.4.044"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Loverro G, Bettocchi S, Cormio G et al. Transvaginal sonography and hysteroscopy in postmenopausal uterine bleeding. Maturitas. 1999;33:139-44.","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-5122(99)00023-7"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Malho AS, Ximenes R, Ferri A et al. MV-Flow and LumiFlow: new Doppler tools for the visualization of fetal blood vessels. Radiol Bras. 2021;54:277-8.","DOI":"10.1590\/0100-3984.2020.0109"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nieuwenhuis LL, Hehenkamp WJK, Brolmann HAM et al. 3D power Doppler in uterine fibroids; influence of gain, cardiac cycle and off-line measurement techniques. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2018;38:103-9.","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2017.1330323"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nieuwenhuis LL, Keizer AL, Stoelinga B et al. 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Surgery and Endometriosis. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2017;60:477-84.","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000291"}],"container-title":["Facts, Views and Vision in ObGyn"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T05:55:49Z","timestamp":1739512549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/fvvo.eu\/articles\/doi\/FVVO.15.2.072"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.52054\/fvvo.15.2.072","relation":{},"ISSN":["2684-4230","2032-0418"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2684-4230","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2032-0418","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}}}