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Upon the recognition of stimuli, the cerebrum carries out decision-making in response. Motor neurons are divided into upper motor neurons (UMNs) and lower motor neurons (LMNs) and UMNs coordinate storage and urination in the brainstem for synergic voiding. In contrast, LMNs, which originate in the spinal cord, cause muscles to contract. These neurons are present in the sacrum, and in particular, a specific neuron group called Onuf\u2019s nucleus is responsible for the contraction of the external urethral sphincter and maintains continence in states of rising vesical pressure through voluntary contraction of the sphincter. Parasympathetic neurons originating from S2\u2013S4 are responsible for the contraction of bladder muscles, while sympathetic neurons are responsible for contraction of the urethral smooth muscle, including the bladder neck, during the guarding reflex. UMNs are controlled in the pons where various motor stimuli to the LMNs are directed along with control to various other pelvic organs, and in the PAG, where complex signals from the brain are received and integrated. Future understanding of the complex mechanisms of micturition requires integrative knowledge from various fields encompassing these distinct disciplines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2040318.159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]],"date-time":"2020-09-27T20:49:37Z","timestamp":1601239777000},"page":"191-199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5213\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Past, Present, and Future in the Study of Neural Control of the Lower Urinary Tract"],"prefix":"10.5213","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jin Wook","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7045-8004","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Khae 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