{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:22:10Z","timestamp":1780392130814,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Korean Continence Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620259200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004948","name":"Astellas Pharma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004948","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["einj.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Neurourol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: We aimed to develop urodynamic criteria to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and detrusor underactivity (DU) in women with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).Methods: Initially, in a group of 68 consecutive women with LUTS and increased postvoid residual (PVR) who had undergone urodynamic investigations, we examined the level of agreement between the operating physician\u2019s diagnosis of BOO or DU and the diagnosis according to urodynamic nomograms\/indices, including the Blaivas-Groutz (B-G) nomogram, urethral resistance factor (URA), bladder outlet obstruction index (BOOI), and bladder contractility index (BCI). Based on the initial results, we categorized 160 women into 4 groups using the B-G nomogram and URA (group 1, severe-moderate BOO; group 2, mild BOO and URA\u226520; group 3, mild BOO and URA&lt;20; group 4, nonobstructed) and compared the urodynamic parameters. Finally, we redefined women as obstructed (groups 1+2) and nonobstructed (groups 3+4) for subanalysis.Results: The agreement between the B-G nomogram and physician\u2019s diagnosis was poor in the mild obstruction zone (\u03ba=0.308, P=0.01). By adding URA (cutoff value=20), excellent agreement was reached (\u03ba=0.856, P&lt;0.001). Statistically significant differences were found among the 4 groups (analysis of variance) in maximum flow rate (Qmax) (P&lt;0.0001), voided volume (VV) (P=0.042), PVR (P=0.032), BOOI (P&lt;0.0001), and BCI (P&lt;0.0001), with a positive linear trend for Qmax and VV and a negative linear trend for PVR and BOOI moving from groups 1 to 4. In the subanalysis, all parameters showed statistically significant differences between obstructed and nonobstructed women, except BCI (Qmax, P=0.0001; VV, P=0.0091; PVR, P=0.0005; BOOI, P=0.0001).Conclusions: The combination of the B-G nomogram with URA increased the accuracy of diagnosing BOO among women with LUTS. Based on this combination, most women in the mild obstruction zone of the B-G nomogram would be considered underactive rather than obstructed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2040342.171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]],"date-time":"2021-05-05T15:18:28Z","timestamp":1620227908000},"page":"244-251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5213\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Defining Voiding Dysfunction in Women: Bladder Outflow Obstruction Versus Detrusor 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the Blaivas and Groutz nomogram substitute videourodynamic studies in the diagnosis of female lower urinary tract obstruction?","author":"V\u00edrseda","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-5347(05)64681-2"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2173-5786(10)70083-4"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2005.05.047"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0090-4295(97)00634-1"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0041-87812004000400010"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-007-0530-6"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-5347(05)68947-1"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.1834904.452"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"81","volume-title":"The urodynamic nomogram in defining the degree of obstruction in patients with benign prostatic enlargement--defining clear obstruction","author":"Aganovi\u0107","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.11.145"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"316","volume-title":"Factors for voiding dysfunction and cystocele","author":"Salinas","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"1021","volume-title":"Pressure-flow studies in the diagnosis of micturition disorders in the female","author":"V\u00edrseda","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1677-55382011000100013"}],"container-title":["International Neurourology 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