{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:03:31Z","timestamp":1791241411434,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Korean Continence Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["einj.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Neurourol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether urinary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels differ between patients with bladder pain syndrome\/interstitial cystitis (BPS\/IC) and healthy controls, and to assess whether urinary sIgA is linked to mucosal immune mechanisms that may contribute to BPS\/IC pathophysiology.Methods: A single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2020 at the Department of Urology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine. Forty female patients with BPS\/IC and 40 healthy controls were enrolled. Symptom severity in the BPS\/IC group was evaluated using the O\u2019Leary-Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom and Problem Index. Patients with active urogenital infections, a history of bladder cancer, or prior pelvic radiotherapy were excluded. Urine samples were collected in sterile containers, centrifuged, and stored at -80\u00b0C before sIgA measurement using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Correlations between continuous variables were examined with Spearman rank correlation coefficients.Results: Urinary sIgA levels were not significantly different between the BPS\/IC group (mean\u00b1standard deviation: 0.96\u00b11.5 \u03bcg\/mL) and healthy controls (0.53\u00b10.7 \u03bcg\/mL) (P=0.173). Subgroup analyses within the BPS\/IC cohort showed that smokers had significantly lower urinary sIgA levels (median [range], 0.001 [0.000\u20130.082] \u03bcg\/mL) compared with nonsmokers (median [range], 0.720 [0.000\u20136.850] \u03bcg\/mL) (P=0.004). Conversely, patients with cardiac comorbidities had significantly higher urinary sIgA levels (median [range], 0.820 [0.100\u20136.850] \u03bcg\/mL) than those without cardiac disease (median [range], 0.213 [0.000\u20132.300] \u03bcg\/mL) (P=0.015).Conclusions: Although no significant differences in urinary sIgA levels were observed between BPS\/IC patients and healthy controls, subgroup analyses identified associations with smoking and cardiac comorbidities. These findings suggest that sIgA may be relevant to BPS\/IC pathophysiology and highlight the potential of mucosal immune biomarkers. Larger studies are warranted to further clarify the role of sIgA in BPS\/IC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2550048.024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T06:19:01Z","timestamp":1758867541000},"page":"181-187","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5213\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Role of Urinary Secretory Immunoglobulin A in the Pathophysiology of Interstitial Cystitis"],"prefix":"10.5213","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Turan","family":"Ozdemir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6063-6751","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bayram","family":"Aliyev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kasim Emre","family":"Ergun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9629-5258","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Serdar","family":"Kalemci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1856-0404","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fuat","family":"Kizilay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2887-7029","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elif","family":"Azarsiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1519-5333","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Adnan","family":"Simsir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3166","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20687"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ju.0000000000002756"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14234"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"","author":"Lim"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1877"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.47.1.40"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0090-4295(96)00322-6"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-011-1546-5"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23551"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.14399"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-013-2057-3"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2008.06.031"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)43359-3"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00583590"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.08.096"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"593","volume-title":"Immunopathology of interstitial cystitis","author":"Said","year":"1989"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/865463"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0090-4295(03)00005-0"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/won.0000000000000057"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"715","volume-title":"Urinary incontinence in older women: who is at risk? 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