{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:42:56Z","timestamp":1787031776032,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724025600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["irjournal.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intest Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Aims: Treatment using tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) inhibitors is one of the risk factors for active tuberculosis (TB) in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease (CD). Biologics, such as ustekinumab (UST) and vedolizumab (VDZ), are less likely to cause opportunistic infections. However, large-scale studies for active TB and biologics other than TNF-\u03b1 inhibitors are limited. We aimed to investigate the association between biologics and active TB utilizing a Japanese medical claims database. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the association of the risk of active TB development with treatment using TNF-\u03b1 inhibitors and other biologics (UST and VDZ) in patients with CD using the Japanese Medical Data Vision (MDV) database between April 2008 and June 2022. The durations of each biologic and biologic-free treatment were calculated for each patient. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazards model, with the utilization of biologics considered as time-dependent covariates. Results: We included 28,811 patients with CD in MDV database. Finally, 17,169 patients were analyzed. In total, 7,064 patients were categorized as biologic-na\u00efve, while 10,105 were classified as biologic-experienced. Seventeen patients developed active TB, including 7 on infliximab, 5 on adalimumab, and 5 on no biologics. None of the patients treated with UST and VDZ developed active TB. Multivariate analysis suggested that TNF-\u03b1 inhibitors were the risk factors for active TB (hazard ratio, 3.66; P= 0.020). Conclusions: TNF-\u03b1 inhibitors, but not UST or VDZ, are risk factors for active TB in Japanese patients with CD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5217\/ir.2024.00076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T01:55:30Z","timestamp":1724032530000},"page":"309-317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5217\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Tuberculosis risk in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease on biologics: a retrospective analysis of the Japanese Medical Claims 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