{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T16:06:47Z","timestamp":1783181207324,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Narra Sains Indonesia","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714348800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Narra J"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bone grafting has emerged as a key solution in bone defect management such as allograft, graft of bone from another individual. However, bone allografts usually undergo rigorous preparation to eliminate immune-triggering elements. The deep-freezing methods may delay graft use, while cryopreservation using liquid nitrogen allows rapid freezing but may alter graft characteristics. The aim of this study was to investigate the post-preservation changes in bone allograft characteristics and to compare the effectiveness of deep-freezing and liquid nitrogen methods using animal model. An experimental study using a post-test only control group design was conducted. Fresh-frozen femoral cortical bone was obtained from male New Zealand white rabbits. Preservation by deep-freezing involved placing bone samples in a -80\u00b0C freezer for 30 days. For liquid nitrogen preservation, bone grafts were immersed in liquid nitrogen for 20 min, followed by a 15-min rest at room temperature and a final immersion in 0.9% sodium chloride at 30\u00b0C for 15 min. Bone samples then underwent evaluation of cell viability, compression, and bending tests. Cell viability test employed the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the compression and bending tests used the Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Independent Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the methods as appropriate. Our study found that the use of deep-freezing and liquid nitrogen resulted in similar outcomes for cell viability, compression, and bending tests, with p-values of 0.302, 0.745, and 0.512, respectively. Further exploration with larger sample sizes may help to optimize the methods for specific applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.52225\/narra.v4i1.757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T04:19:26Z","timestamp":1714450766000},"page":"e757","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Role of preservation methods using deep-freezing and liquid nitrogen in bone allograft characteristics: An in vitro study"],"prefix":"10.52225","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3936-7614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rizal A.","family":"Lisan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8757-9251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferdiansyah","family":"Mahyudin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1667-9770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mouli","family":"Edward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dewan S.","family":"Buwana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"29794","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"container-title":["Narra J"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/narraj.org\/main\/article\/download\/757\/339","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/narraj.org\/main\/article\/download\/757\/339","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T14:55:59Z","timestamp":1729608959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/narraj.org\/main\/article\/view\/757"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.52225\/narra.v4i1.757","relation":{},"ISSN":["2807-2618"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2807-2618","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]}}}