{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T17:22:36Z","timestamp":1776360156513,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Open Medical Publishing","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":" Summary<\/jats:title> Total knee replacement is increasingly widely prescribed, not only for degenerative joint disease but also for other problems such as articular cartilage disease, misalignment due to causes other than degeneration, bone and joint cancer, and diseases that cause joint destruction. However, changes in knee joint biomechanics as well as complications of the patellofemoral joint after surgery lead to instability, joint pain, patellar rupture, and patellar tendon rupture. These are issues that challenge surgeons as well as make patients hesitant when considering knee replacement surgery. Understanding the changes in patella index that can occur after total knee replacement surgery will help surgeons carefully evaluate patients before surgery and calculate intraoperative techniques to minimize complications.<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec> Methods<\/jats:title> Fifty-eight patients with 62 knees were diagnosed with osteoarthritis and underwent total knee replacement surgery. All patients had clinical and radiographic evaluation of the knee joint before and after surgery.<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec> Results<\/jats:title> Patellar indexes did not change significantly after surgery compared to before surgery. Before surgery, 2 patients (3.23%) had true patella baja. After surgery, 7 patients (11.29%) had true patella baja and 3 patients (4.84%) had pseudo-patella baja. The average knee flexion amplitude after surgery was 103.11\u00b115.440, with only 2 patients losing extension >50\u00ba. The average KS score after surgery was 83.69\u00b19.98, significantly improved compared to before surgery 33.44\u00b111.38. Similarly, KFS score after surgery was 81.01\u00b18.84 compared to before surgery 37.05\u00b18.08.<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec> Conclusion<\/jats:title> Changes in index of the patella before and after surgery affect the surgical results, the normal patella group has better results than the group with patella baja.<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.52965\/001c.116365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T01:34:18Z","timestamp":1713922458000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Influence of Changes in Patella Indices on Total Knee Replacement Surgery Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.52965","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Lam","family":"Tran Quoc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ha Noi University Public Health"},{"name":"Pham Ngoc Thach General Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trinh","family":"Le Khanh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"E Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nhung","family":"Mai Thi Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pham Ngoc Thach General Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tung","family":"Pham Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"E Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"30777","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199203000-00005","article-title":"Total knee arthroplasty. Current clinical perspectives","volume":"276","author":"GILES R. Scuderi","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clinical orthopaedics and related research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0009-921X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Treatment of knee osteoarthritis with total knee replacement surgery at Viet Duc Hospital","author":"Doan Viet Quan","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-017-0694-9","article-title":"Application of different patella height indices in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty","volume":"12","author":"Bin Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1749-799X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-018-5016-1","article-title":"Blackburne\u2013Peel ratio predicts patients\u2019 outcomes after total knee arthroplasty","volume":"27","author":"Henrik Behrend","year":"2018","journal-title":"Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0942-2056","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2011.06.008","article-title":"Change in body mass index during middle age affects risk of total knee arthoplasty due to osteoarthritis: a 19-year prospective study of 1003 women","volume":"19","author":"A.S. Nicholls","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Knee","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0968-0160","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref6","first-page":"286","article-title":"Postoperative low patella. Treatment by lengthening of the patellar tendon","volume":"81","author":"D Dejour","year":"1995","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.5435\/jaaos-d-19-00422","article-title":"Patella Baja in Total Knee Arthroplasty","volume":"28","author":"Zachary C. Lum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1067-151X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2007.05.008","article-title":"A Mini-Midvastus Capsular Approach With Patellar Displacement Decreases the Prevalence of Patella Baja","volume":"22","author":"Markus Fl\u00f6ren","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Journal of Arthroplasty","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0883-5403","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/s0883-5403(08)80091-5","article-title":"Gradual low riding of the patella during postoperative course after total knee arthroplasty in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"5","author":"Tomihisa Koshino","year":"1990","journal-title":"The Journal of Arthroplasty","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0883-5403","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"484","article-title":"Pseudo-patella baja following soft tissue balancing in total knee arthroplasty","volume":"87","author":"P Thornton-Bott","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref11","first-page":"37","article-title":"Osteoarthritis pathogenesis - a complex process that involves the entire joint","volume":"7","author":"G S Man","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Life"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-017-4828-8","article-title":"Pseudo-patella baja: a minor yet frequent complication of total knee arthroplasty","volume":"26","author":"G Bugelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Knee surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198668070-00009","article-title":"The influence of tibial-patellofemoral location on function of the knee in patients with the posterior stabilized condylar knee prosthesis.","volume":"68","author":"H E, 3rd Figgie","year":"1986","journal-title":"The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-9355","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-016-3256-6","article-title":"Patellar height assessment in total knee arthroplasty: a new method","volume":"40","author":"Jacques H. Caton","year":"2016","journal-title":"International orthopaedics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0341-2695","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199011000-00020","article-title":"Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty","volume":"260","author":"JAMES A. Rand","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clinical orthopaedics and related research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0009-921X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CR292","DOI":"10.12659\/msm.881770","article-title":"Pseudo-patella baja after total knee arthroplasty","volume":"17","author":"Seyyed Morteza Kazemi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Medical Science Monitor","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1234-1010","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.5704\/moj.1103.008","article-title":"Total Knee Replacement: 12 Years Retrospective Review and Experience","volume":"5","author":"Ahmad Hafiz Zulkifly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1985-2533","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.09.031","article-title":"Is Pseudo-Patella Baja Really a Serious Complication of Total Knee Arthroplasty?","volume":"35","author":"A Aguirre-Pastor","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2018.09.014","article-title":"The value of postoperative prosthesis alignment and patellar height measurements on standard X-rays after Total Knee Arthroplasty: Does it relate to knee function after 5 years?","volume":"26","author":"R Rassir","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Knee"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3944\/aott.2008.001","article-title":"Midterm results of total knee arthroplasty in degenerative knee joint diseases with severe deformity","volume":"41","author":"Bulent G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1017-995X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"231-8","key":"ref21","article-title":"Patella baja and total knee arthroplasty (TKA): etiology, diagnosis, and management","volume":"12","author":"DJ Chonko","year":"2004","journal-title":"Surgical technology international"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2189","DOI":"10.2147\/jpr.s154002","article-title":"Knee osteoarthritis: pathophysiology and current treatment modalities","volume":"11","author":"Juan C Mora","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Pain Research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1178-7090","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"47","article-title":"Osteoarthritis of knee joint--standard concept and diagnosis","volume":"12","author":"G Ando","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical calcium"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.81b5.0810790","article-title":"The length of the patellar tendon after unicompartmental and total knee replacement","volume":"81-B","author":"A. E. Weale","year":"1999","journal-title":"The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0301-620X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1007\/s007760100043","article-title":"Factors affecting range of flexion after total knee arthroplasty","volume":"6","author":"Haruo Kawamura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic Science","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0949-2658","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-011-0110-2","article-title":"Gap balancing versus measured resection technique using a mobile-bearing prosthesis in computer-assisted surgery","volume":"95","author":"G. Sabbioni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Musculoskeletal Surgery","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2035-5106","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Osteoarthritis of joints and spine","volume":"1","author":"Tran Ngoc An","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Evaluating long-term results of total knee replacement surgery at Viet Duc hospital","author":"Vo Sy Quyen Nang","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Osteoarthritis","volume":"2","author":"N V Hung","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["Orthopedic Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/orthopedicreviews.openmedicalpublishing.org\/article\/116365-influence-of-changes-in-patella-indices-on-total-knee-replacement-surgery-outcomes","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T16:47:01Z","timestamp":1750092421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/orthopedicreviews.openmedicalpublishing.org\/article\/116365-influence-of-changes-in-patella-indices-on-total-knee-replacement-surgery-outcomes"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"references-count":29,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.52965\/001c.116365","relation":{},"ISSN":["2035-8164"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2035-8164","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]}}}