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This narrative review examines the pharmacology, mechanisms of action, clinical indications, contraindications, and key clinical studies of benzodiazepines commonly used in the operating room in the United States, with a specific focus on their application in orthopedic surgical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.52965\/001c.158573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T00:11:06Z","timestamp":1773360666000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Perioperative Use of Benzodiazepines in Orthopedic Surgery: A Brief Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.52965","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Anvinh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02pttbw34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Baylor College of Medicine","department":["Department of Anesthesiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Donnelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02pttbw34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Baylor College of Medicine","department":["Department of Anesthesiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommy","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02pttbw34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Baylor College of Medicine","department":["Department of Anesthesiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamal","family":"Hasoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03gds6c39","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","department":["Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"30777","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1976203329","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of lorazepam. 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