{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:41:03Z","timestamp":1790689263837,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Open Medical Publishing","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Purpose of review<\/jats:title>\n This is a comprehensive review regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Recent Findings<\/jats:title>\n SEL is a relatively rare condition that has gained scientific relevance over the past few decades. Recent findings include expanding treatment strategies to include minimally invasive surgical techniques.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Summary<\/jats:title>\n SEL is caused by an excess of adipose tissue accumulation localized to the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spine. While the exact pathogenesis is not fully elucidated, the etiology of SEL can be broadly classified based on five commonly associated risk factors; exogenous steroid use, obesity, endogenous steroid hormonal disease, spine surgery, and idiopathic disease. Progression of SEL may lead to neurological deficits, myelopathy, radiculopathy, neurogenic claudication, loss of sensation, difficulty voiding, lower extremity weakness, and rarely cauda equina syndrome. Conservative management is largely patient-specific and aimed at mitigating symptoms that arise from shared risk factors. If more advanced treatment measures are necessary, minimally invasive surgery and open surgical techniques, have proven successful.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.52965\/001c.25571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]],"date-time":"2021-08-13T18:01:43Z","timestamp":1628877703000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Spinal Epidural Lipomatosis: A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.52965","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Paul B.","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Cornell Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cain","family":"Sark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport","department":["School of Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gioe","family":"Brennan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport","department":["School of Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport","department":["School of Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William F.","family":"Sherman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tulane University School of Medicine","department":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan D.","family":"Kaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport","department":["Department of Anesthesiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"30777","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"14","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.52.9379","article-title":"Steroid-induced paraparesis: Spinal epidural lipomatosis complicated by a wedge deformity of the middle thoracic vertebrae","volume":"52","author":"Toshitada Miwa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Internal Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0918-2918","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e226985","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-226985","article-title":"Spinal epidural lipomatosis following bilateral spinal decompression surgery","volume":"12","author":"Davyd Greenish","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Case Reports","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1757-790X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"S4","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00586","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1855-x","article-title":"Rapid progression of spinal epidural lipomatosis","volume":"21","author":"Kyung Chul Choi","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Spine Journal","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0940-6719","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2020.06.083","article-title":"Rapid progression of spinal epidural lipomatosis after percutaneous endoscopic spine surgery mimicking disc herniation","volume":"73","author":"Myung Soo Youn","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2210-2612","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.03.005","article-title":"Severity of presentation is associated with time to recovery in spinal epidural lipomatosis","volume":"22","author":"Moshe Praver","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0967-5868","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1975.tb111328.x","article-title":"Spinal cord compression by extradural fat after renal transplantation","volume":"1","author":"MICHAEL Lee","year":"1975","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Australia","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0025-729X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2017.11.001","article-title":"Incidence of spinal epidural lipomatosis in patients with spinal stenosis","volume":"15","author":"Jason Bradley Malone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0972-978X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00330","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-002-1716-4","article-title":"Lumbosacral epidural lipomatosis: MRI grading","volume":"13","author":"Daniel G. 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