{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T09:10:25Z","timestamp":1789722625343,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Open Medical Publishing","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>The knee is the most common joint in adults associated with morbidity. Many pathologies are associated with knee damage, such as gout or rheumathoid arthritis, but the primary condition is osteoarthritis (OA). Not only can osteoarthritis cause significant pain, but it also can result in signficant disability as well. Treatment for this condition varies, starting off with oral analgesics and physical therapy to surgical total knee replacmenet. In the gamut of this various treatments, a conservative approach has included intra articular steroid injections. With time, researchers and clinicians determined that other components injected to the knee may additionally provide relief of this condition. In this investigation, we describe different types of knee injections such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), hyaluronic acid, stem cells, and prolotherapy. Additionally, we describe the role of geniculate knee injections, radiofrequency, and periopheral nerve stimulation. These treatments should be considered for patients with knee pain refractory to conservative therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.52965\/001c.38676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T22:15:27Z","timestamp":1665612927000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A comprehensive review of intraarticular knee injection therapy, geniculate injections, and peripheral nerve stimulation for knee pain in clinical practice"],"prefix":"10.52965","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Salomon","family":"Poliwoda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00wgjpw02","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Mount Sinai Medical Center","department":["Department of Anesthesia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazir","family":"Noor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00wgjpw02","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Mount Sinai Medical Center","department":["Department of Anesthesia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bakir","family":"Mousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona, College of Medicine-Phoenix"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zohal","family":"Sarwary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Creighton University, School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryant","family":"Noss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Creighton University, School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Urits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01mgpsx86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"SouthCoast Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Viswanath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Creighton University School of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine","department":["Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Innovative Pain and Wellness"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raju","family":"Behara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center \u2013 Shreveport","department":["Department of Anesthesiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Ulicny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center \u2013 Shreveport","department":["Department of Anesthesiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Howe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center \u2013 Shreveport","department":["Department of Anesthesiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Mychaskiw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center \u2013 Shreveport","department":["Department of Anesthesiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan D.","family":"Kaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center \u2013 Shreveport","department":["Department of Anesthesiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"30777","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2158","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515609599","article-title":"Product Differences in Intra-articular Hyaluronic Acids for Osteoarthritis of the Knee","volume":"44","author":"Roy D. 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