{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:30:40Z","timestamp":1791189040834,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,28]],"date-time":"2014-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To differentiate early-onset retinal dystrophies on the basis of electroretinogram (ERG) characteristics in children with infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-seven children with INS and early-onset retinal dystrophies were included, with diagnosis according to clinical and ERG findings. Three ERG protocols were used according to the child's age and 17 children were followed with 2 protocols: 27 (mean 2.1 years) were recorded with skin electrodes to flash stimulation, 16 (mean 6.5 years) with skin electrodes to full-field stimulation, and 11 (mean 12.2 years) with HK electrodes to full-field stimulation. The ERGs were compared to those of age-matched controls, with differences significant if p&lt;0.05.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical and electrophysiologic findings were in agreement across all of the children. In nine children with Leber congenital amaurosis, the scotopic and photopic ERGs were not recordable under all protocols. Six children with congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) had electronegative scotopic ERG under all protocols, those with complete CSNB had absent rod ERG, and those with incomplete CSNB had reduced rod ERG. Eight children with achromatopsia had nonrecordable photopic and subnormal scotopic ERG under all protocols. The implicit times of the scotopic b-waves were prolonged. One child had blue-cone monochromatism and reduced photopic and normal S-cone ERG. Six children with cone\u2013rod dystrophy without systemic disorder, and seven children with systemic disorder, had affected photopic and scotopic ERGs under all protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In children with INS, some early-onset retinal dystrophies can be differentiated through ERGs, also with skin electrodes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,6]],"date-time":"2014-08-06T05:41:21Z","timestamp":1407303681000},"page":"33-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Electroretinographic Characteristics in Children with Infantile Nystagmus Syndrome and Early-Onset Retinal Dystrophies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Alma","family":"Kurent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana - Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Branka","family":"Stirn-Kranjc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana - Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelka","family":"Brecelj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana - Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.76.7.434"},{"key":"bibr2-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(89)90101-X"},{"key":"bibr3-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-8994(93)90105-L"},{"key":"bibr4-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.30704"},{"key":"bibr5-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(89)90259-6"},{"key":"bibr6-ejo.5000493","first-page":"16","volume":"81","author":"Sustar M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zdrav Vestn"},{"key":"bibr7-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-004-1752-2"},{"key":"bibr8-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1992.30"},{"key":"bibr9-ejo.5000493","first-page":"85","volume":"62","author":"Kriss A","year":"1993","journal-title":"Zdrav Vestn"},{"key":"bibr10-ejo.5000493","first-page":"91","volume":"62","author":"Stirn Kranjc B","year":"1993","journal-title":"Zdrav Vestn"},{"key":"bibr11-ejo.5000493","first-page":"69","volume":"118","author":"Marmor MF","year":"2009","journal-title":"ISCEV Standard for full-field clinical electroretinography (2008 update). Doc Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bibr12-ejo.5000493","first-page":"169","author":"Stirn Kranjc B","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Challenge of Nystagmus. Nystagmus Network"},{"key":"bibr13-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-012-9350-1"},{"key":"bibr14-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2544"},{"key":"bibr15-ejo.5000493","first-page":"73","volume":"81","author":"Beharic A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zdrav Vestn"},{"key":"bibr16-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-199207010-00005"},{"key":"bibr17-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8760(89)90040-8"},{"key":"bibr18-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2003.10.011"},{"key":"bibr19-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00156014"},{"key":"bibr20-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-011-9299-5"},{"key":"bibr21-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-007-9101-x"},{"key":"bibr22-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-1521"},{"key":"bibr23-ejo.5000493","first-page":"531","volume-title":"Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus","author":"Michaelides M","year":"2005","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr24-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-31220-X_11"},{"key":"bibr25-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(89)32864-8"},{"key":"bibr26-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-004-0921-z"},{"key":"bibr27-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1996.01100130690009"},{"key":"bibr28-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5200205"},{"key":"bibr29-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-585-33172-0_9"},{"key":"bibr30-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000021"},{"key":"bibr31-ejo.5000493","first-page":"87","volume-title":"Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus","author":"Thompson D","year":"2005","edition":"3"},{"key":"bibr32-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.73.7.512"},{"key":"bibr33-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1999.10"},{"key":"bibr34-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02173313"},{"key":"bibr35-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.84.2.175"},{"key":"bibr36-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12111"},{"key":"bibr37-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S14291"},{"key":"bibr38-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1986.01050190071042"},{"key":"bibr39-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S001216220100113X"},{"key":"bibr40-ejo.5000493","first-page":"471","volume-title":"Harley's Pediatric Ophthalmology","author":"Weiss A","year":"2005","edition":"5"},{"key":"bibr41-ejo.5000493","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/0191-3913-20030301-12"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.5301\/ejo.5000493","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.5301\/ejo.5000493","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.5301\/ejo.5000493","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T19:38:02Z","timestamp":1777405082000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.5301\/ejo.5000493"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,28]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5301\/ejo.5000493"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5301\/ejo.5000493","relation":{},"ISSN":["1120-6721","1724-6016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1120-6721","type":"print"},{"value":"1724-6016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,28]]}}}