{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T20:15:22Z","timestamp":1777580122374,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,14]],"date-time":"2015-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate causes of visits to the Eye Emergency Department, determine the prevalence of subconjunctival hemorrhage (SCH), and assess the role of hemostatic abnormalities among patients with spontaneous recurrent SCH (SRSCH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a prospective study conducted over 2 years, hemostatic function was studied in a subgroup of 105 consecutive patients (39 male) with SRSCH free of systemic risk factors and in 53 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) (24 male).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 10,090 patients (mean age 57.2 \u00b1 16.7 years, range 0-94, median 58.4) were evaluated. A total of 39.3% had ocular trauma, 34.9% inflammatory ocular surface disorder, 5.7% floaters, 3.3% visual symptoms of neurologic origin, 1.6% uveitis, 1.5% ocular hypertension, 0.8% retinal tear or detachment, 0.7% retinal vascular disease, and 0.5% other causes. A total of 1.6% of the patients were hospitalized. A total of 11.7% of patients had SCH: in 86.7% it was spontaneous, in 13.3% consequent to trauma or to ocular surface disorders. A total of 105 patients had SRSCH, and the prevalence of hemostatic abnormalities among them was not different from HC. Type I von Willebrand disease was diagnosed in 1 patient with SCH and in none of the HC (\u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0.13, p = 0.72).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most patients had ocular infection or trauma and were treated on an outpatient basis; SCH was the third cause of access. The large majority of SCH were unprovoked, and the prevalence of hemostatic alterations in patients with SRSCH and no systemic causes was not different from the general population. Hemostatic screening or second level blood clotting tests were of no use in these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]],"date-time":"2015-10-20T13:50:12Z","timestamp":1445349012000},"page":"188-192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Reasons for Visits to an Emergency Center and Hemostatic Alterations in Patients with Recurrent Spontaneous Subconjunctival Hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Carlo","family":"Cagini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Ophthalmology, University of Perugia, Perugia - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Iannone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Ophthalmology, University of Perugia, Perugia - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bartolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Ophthalmology, University of Perugia, Perugia - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tito","family":"Fiore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Ophthalmology, University of Perugia, Perugia - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Fierro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Gresele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.47.5.382"},{"key":"bibr2-ejo.5000692","first-page":"701","volume":"25","author":"Girard B","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"key":"bibr3-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2004.018010"},{"key":"bibr4-ejo.5000692","first-page":"425","volume":"79","author":"S\u00e1nchez Tocino H","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr5-ejo.5000692","first-page":"141","volume":"37","author":"Skegro I","year":"2013","journal-title":"Coll Antropol"},{"key":"bibr6-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000310079"},{"key":"bibr7-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.76.5.297"},{"key":"bibr8-ejo.5000692","first-page":"376","volume":"57","author":"Wilson RJ","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Optom Assoc"},{"key":"bibr9-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-5155(03)00017-0"},{"key":"bibr10-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.05.028"},{"key":"bibr11-ejo.5000692","first-page":"132","volume":"29","author":"Sahinoglu-Keskek N","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"key":"bibr12-ejo.5000692","first-page":"1163","volume":"7","author":"Tarlan B","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bibr13-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000236038"},{"key":"bibr14-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfo.2012.03.013"},{"key":"bibr15-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.03.017"},{"key":"bibr16-ejo.5000692","author":"Fierro T","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"bibr17-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-620X.99384"},{"key":"bibr18-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1988.01060130855039"},{"key":"bibr19-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.292.6514.188"},{"key":"bibr20-ejo.5000692","first-page":"31","volume":"311","author":"Kaimbo WKD","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol"},{"key":"bibr21-ejo.5000692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.305.6859.933"},{"key":"bibr22-ejo.5000692","first-page":"581","volume":"97","author":"Liggett PE","year":"1990","journal-title":"Review of 1132 cases. 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