{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T20:17:24Z","timestamp":1777580244913,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effect of astigmatism axis on uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) in emmetropic eyes that underwent laser refractive surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study included patients who underwent laser in situ keratomileusis or photorefractive keratectomy between January 2000 and December 2015 at the Care-Vision Laser Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel. Eyes with a 3-month postoperative spherical equivalent between -0.5 D and 0.5 D were included in this study. Eyes with ocular comorbidities and planned ametropia were excluded. Study eyes were divided into 3 groups according to the steep astigmatic axis: with the rule (WTR) (60-120), oblique (31-59 or 121-149), and against the rule (ATR) (0-30 or 150-180). The UDVA of these 3 groups was compared. The oblique group was divided into oblique ATR and oblique WTR, which were compared with each other.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 17,416 consecutive eyes of 8,708 patients were studied. The WTR eyes (n = 10,651) had significantly better UDVA (logMAR 0.01 \u00b1 0.08) than the oblique (n = 3,141, logMAR 0.02 \u00b1 0.09) and ATR eyes (n = 3,624, logMAR 0.02 \u00b1 0.10) (p&lt;0.001). The oblique WTR group had significantly better UDVA than the oblique ATR group (p&lt;0.001). The UDVA of the oblique and ATR groups was similar. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the group accounted for 15% of the UDVA variance (p = 0.04).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The astigmatic axis has a small but significant effect on UDVA in emmetropic eyes; WTR was better than oblique and ATR astigmatism. Therefore, when correcting astigmatism, it may be preferable to err towards WTR astigmatism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]],"date-time":"2016-10-14T04:45:04Z","timestamp":1476420304000},"page":"308-311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The Effect of Astigmatism Axis on Visual Acuity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Mimouni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa - Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Achia","family":"Nemet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba - Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Russell","family":"Pokroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tzahi","family":"Sela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Care-Vision Laser Centers, Tel Aviv - Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gur","family":"Munzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Care-Vision Laser Centers, Tel Aviv - Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Kaiserman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba - Israel"},{"name":"Care-Vision Laser Centers, Tel Aviv - Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ejo.5000890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.126.8.1111"},{"key":"bibr2-ejo.5000890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2007.00112.x"},{"key":"bibr3-ejo.5000890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-014-0337-1"},{"key":"bibr4-ejo.5000890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000216099.29968.36"},{"key":"bibr5-ejo.5000890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000063"},{"key":"bibr6-ejo.5000890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181e61b8f"},{"key":"bibr7-ejo.5000890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3182186bc4"},{"key":"bibr8-ejo.5000890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20121106-03"},{"key":"bibr9-ejo.5000890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2013-303066"},{"key":"bibr10-ejo.5000890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2012.03.032"},{"key":"bibr11-ejo.5000890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4558"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.5301\/ejo.5000890","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.5301\/ejo.5000890","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.5301\/ejo.5000890","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T19:40:43Z","timestamp":1777405243000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.5301\/ejo.5000890"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5301\/ejo.5000890"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5301\/ejo.5000890","relation":{},"ISSN":["1120-6721","1724-6016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1120-6721","type":"print"},{"value":"1724-6016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]}}}