{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T06:16:40Z","timestamp":1777789000067,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,7]],"date-time":"2015-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1428364800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Biomaterials &amp; Functional Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Road accidents can lead to abdominal injuries ranging from severe to lethal, that include hemorrhage of organs and their attachment system. A good understanding and prediction of abdominal injuries therefore requires investigation of the mechanical properties of the attachment systems of abdominal organs. In particular, the gastrocolic ligament (GCL) is one major link between the stomach and the transverse colon. This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of the GCL under very low and high strain rate uniaxial tensile tests until failure. Thirty-five GCL samples were dissected from 7 embalmed cadavers and tested at a rate of 1 mm\/s and 1 m\/s. Incidence of freezing was also evaluated. The mechanical response of GCL samples showed an approximately bilinear curve. Within the first linear region (less than 5% of ligament strain), the apparent elastic modulus was estimated at 247\u00b1144 kPa, while in the second region, it was estimated at 690\u00b1282 kPa. The average failure stress (\u03c3\n                    <jats:sub>fail<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and failure strain (\u220a\n                    <jats:sub>fail<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) were 131.6\u00b150 kPa and 29%\u00b18%, respectively. High strain rate loading also showed high sensitivity to strain rate. The estimated GCL mechanical properties in this study can be implemented in finite element models of the abdomen to further investigate the mechanical contribution of the organ attachment system under traumatic loading conditions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5301\/jabfm.5000193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,17]],"date-time":"2014-11-17T08:32:03Z","timestamp":1416213123000},"page":"106-115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mechanical Characterization of Human Gastrocolic Ligament until Failure"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Omar","family":"Chebil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille University, LBA, Marseille - France"},{"name":"The French Institute of science and technology for transport, development and networks, Laboratory of Biomechanics and Application, UMRT24, Marseille - France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Jean","family":"Arnoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille University, LBA, Marseille - France"},{"name":"The French Institute of science and technology for transport, development and networks, Laboratory of Biomechanics and Application, UMRT24, Marseille - France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Behr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille University, LBA, Marseille - France"},{"name":"The French Institute of science and technology for transport, development and networks, Laboratory of Biomechanics and Application, UMRT24, Marseille - France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-jabfm.5000193","unstructured":"NahumAM MelvinJW Accidental injury: biomechanics and prevention. 2 ed. New York Springer 2001 637."},{"key":"bibr2-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4271\/670915"},{"key":"bibr3-jabfm.5000193","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles","author":"Elhagediab AM","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr4-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(02)00048-7"},{"key":"bibr5-jabfm.5000193","unstructured":"YoganandanN GennarelliFA MalteseMR Patterns of abdominal injuries in frontal and side impacts. In: 44th AAAM annual proceedings Chicago 2000 AP-SP51-0039-B."},{"key":"bibr6-jabfm.5000193","volume-title":"University Claude Bernard","author":"Bourdin X","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr7-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(82)90055-0"},{"key":"bibr8-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2007.12.053"},{"key":"bibr9-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2010.03.038"},{"key":"bibr10-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.05.030"},{"key":"bibr11-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02367365"},{"key":"bibr12-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1114\/B:ABME.0000042224.23927.ce"},{"key":"bibr13-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1078-5884(97)80047-0"},{"key":"bibr14-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.2000.278.5.H1411"},{"key":"bibr15-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2005.06.001"},{"key":"bibr16-jabfm.5000193","first-page":"24","volume":"45","author":"Santago AC","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomed Sci Instrum"},{"key":"bibr17-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21373"},{"key":"bibr18-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(86)90016-3"},{"key":"bibr19-jabfm.5000193","unstructured":"WincklerG Manuel d'anatomie topographique et fonctionnelle. 2nd ed. Paris Masson 1974 525."},{"key":"bibr20-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4271\/892432"},{"key":"bibr21-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.05.036"},{"key":"bibr22-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2011.03.029"},{"key":"bibr23-jabfm.5000193","first-page":"255","volume":"7","author":"Arnoux PJ","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Journal of Crashworthiness"},{"key":"bibr24-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.10232"},{"key":"bibr25-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-2257-4"},{"key":"bibr26-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/49\/7\/004"},{"key":"bibr27-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11790273_17"},{"key":"bibr28-jabfm.5000193","first-page":"1967","volume":"2009","author":"Hall TJ","year":"2009","journal-title":"Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc"},{"key":"bibr29-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bioeng.5.011303.120714"},{"key":"bibr30-jabfm.5000193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.429621"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Biomaterials &amp; Functional Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.5301\/jabfm.5000193","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.5301\/jabfm.5000193","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.5301\/jabfm.5000193","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T19:55:07Z","timestamp":1777492507000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.5301\/jabfm.5000193"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,7]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5301\/jabfm.5000193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5301\/jabfm.5000193","relation":{},"ISSN":["2280-8000","2280-8000"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2280-8000","type":"print"},{"value":"2280-8000","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,7]]}}}