{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T06:16:07Z","timestamp":1777788967541,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]],"date-time":"2014-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Biomaterials &amp; Functional Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of ten clinical \u201cwarning signs\u201d has been suggested as a screening tool to identify patients that may have primary immunodeficiency (PID) conditions in adulthood. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of these \u201cwarning signs\u201d among a cohort of patients with periprosthetic joint infections (PJI), in order to detect those cases that may have had a PID contributing to development of infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A descriptive study using our institutional PJI database was conducted. 185 patients with more than 15 medical consultations in our healthcare network before the diagnosis of PJI were considered eligible for the study. The presence of the \u201cwarning signs\u201d was retrospectively evaluated using medical records.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-seven patients (14.5%) presented with one or more \u201cwarning signs\u201d of PID; however, 24 of the individuals had another immunocompromising condition and were thought to suffer secondary immunodeficiency. Among the remaining 3 patients, PID was confirmed in 1 individual who was found to have hypogammaglobulinemia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It appears that some patients who develop PJI could suffer from a primary immunodeficiency status that may be detected using \u201cwarning signs\u201d questionnaire. The administration of these questions to patients with multiple infections may lead to identification of a primary immunodeficiency status which may in turn influence the outcome of elective arthroplasty or PJI, when develops.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5301\/jabfm.5000207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,5]],"date-time":"2014-09-05T11:53:10Z","timestamp":1409917990000},"page":"65-69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["\u201cWarning Signs\u201d of Primary Immunodeficiency among Patients with Periprosthetic Joint Infection"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Claudio","family":"Diaz-Ledezma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA - USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA - USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javad","family":"Parvizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA - USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-jabfm.5000207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-007-0016-3"},{"key":"bibr2-jabfm.5000207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00211"},{"key":"bibr3-jabfm.5000207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/668020"},{"key":"bibr4-jabfm.5000207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-012-2605-z"},{"key":"bibr5-jabfm.5000207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/666641"},{"key":"bibr6-jabfm.5000207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.02.015"},{"key":"bibr7-jabfm.5000207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-007-9103-1"},{"key":"bibr8-jabfm.5000207","unstructured":"Jeffrey Modell Foundation. 10 Warning Signs of Primary Immunodeficiency for Adults. National Primary Immunodeficiency Resource Center. Available at: http:\/\/www.info4pi.org\/aboutPI\/index.cfm?section=aboutPI&content=warningsignsadult&CFID=1874245&CFTOKEN=6a4cfd400ac21927-57D340F3-02A6-6818-34664F17B8474FF8. Accessed April 9, 2013."},{"key":"bibr9-jabfm.5000207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2010.09.016"},{"key":"bibr10-jabfm.5000207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06206.x"},{"key":"bibr11-jabfm.5000207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e3283591534"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Biomaterials &amp; Functional Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.5301\/jabfm.5000207","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.5301\/jabfm.5000207","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.5301\/jabfm.5000207","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T19:55:02Z","timestamp":1777492502000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.5301\/jabfm.5000207"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5301\/jabfm.5000207"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5301\/jabfm.5000207","relation":{},"ISSN":["2280-8000","2280-8000"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2280-8000","type":"print"},{"value":"2280-8000","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}}}