{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:10:35Z","timestamp":1787760635940,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,25]],"date-time":"2014-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398384000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vasc Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p> Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) are being increasingly used in critical care setting. However, PICCs are associated with a number of complications, particularly upper extremity venous thrombosis (UEVT), leading to post-thrombotic syndrome, pulmonary embolism and increased risk of catheter-related infection. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p> To review the literature surrounding PICCs and highlight the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of PICC-related thrombosis in critically ill patients. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data sources and extraction<\/jats:title><jats:p> We performed an electronic literature search of the databases PubMed, EMBASE and Google scholar using set search terms, from their commencement date to the end of January 2014. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Summary of review<\/jats:title><jats:p> It has been shown that PICCs may double the risk of deep venous thrombosis compared with centrally inserted venous catheters, in critically ill patients. However, the incidence of PICC-related thrombosis in critically ill patients has not been quantified. Ultrasonography is the preferred diagnostic imaging modality. There are no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the best treatment of PICC-related thrombosis in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting and in most cohort studies, anticoagulation strategies with or without PICC removal have been used. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p> Decision to insert a PICC should be taken after careful risk stratification. There is lack of high-quality evidence assessing prevention strategies and management of PICC-related thrombosis in the ICU. Well-designed RCTs are required to estimate the prevalence of UEVT in ICU patients with PICCs and evaluate the efficacy and magnitude of clinical benefit and cost-effectiveness of therapeutic strategies. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5301\/jva.5000239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]],"date-time":"2014-05-08T15:32:06Z","timestamp":1399563126000},"page":"329-337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC)-Related Thrombosis in Critically Ill Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Vasileios","family":"Zochios","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit, Critical Care Area, Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Papworth Everard Cambridge - 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