{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T04:58:15Z","timestamp":1772773095224,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,16]],"date-time":"2016-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1458086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tumori"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p> To evaluate the influence of radiation dose on tumor regression grade (TRG) and sphincter preservation rate in a series of cT3N0-1 rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CT-RT) with or without a sequential radiation boost. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> Between May 2002 and September 2013, 116 cases were eligible for retrospective evaluation. Radiotherapy was delivered for a total dose of 45 Gy (no boost arm) or 50.4 Gy (boost arm). TRG was evaluated with the Dworak scale. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> Median follow-up was 62 months (range, 12-138 months). The 5-year overall survival and local control rates were 72% and 93%, respectively. Fifty-five patients (47%) were treated with a sequential radiation boost and 61 (53%) without a boost. Eighty patients (72%) presented T3N0 disease and 32 (28%) T3N1 disease. Concomitant capecitabine was administered in 92 cases (79%) and intravenous 5-fluorouracil in 24 cases (21%). Sphincter preservation was performed in 82% of patients in the boost arm and 66% in the no-boost arm. A higher TRG was related to a longer interval between neoadjuvant treatment and surgery (p&lt;0.001). The probability of a TRG \u22652 was 2.5 times higher in the boost arm. A gain in local control, estimated at 4% during the first 3 years after CT-RT, favored the boost arm. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p> The long-term results from our single-center experience confirm literature data on the role of a sequential boost in tumor response after neoadjuvant CT-RT in a series of cT3N0-1 rectal cancer patients. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5301\/tj.5000481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,18]],"date-time":"2016-03-18T08:54:25Z","timestamp":1458291265000},"page":"316-322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Sequential Boost in Neoadjuvant Irradiation for T3N0-1 Rectal Cancer: Long-Term Results from a Single-Center Experience"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Rosario","family":"Mazzola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology School, University of Palermo, Palermo - Italy"},{"name":"Radiation Oncology, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar-Verona - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Ferrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology, ARNAS Hospital, Palermo - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Cucchiara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology, ARNAS Hospital, Palermo - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Figlia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology School, University of Palermo, Palermo - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Gueci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology School, University of Palermo, Palermo - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Scium\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology, ARNAS Hospital, Palermo - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gioacchino","family":"Di Paola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistic Sciences Faculty, University of Palermo, Palermo - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nunzia","family":"Scibetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Unit, ARNAS Hospital, Palermo - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Lo Casto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sezione di Scienze radiologiche, DIBIMEL, University of Palermo, Palermo - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Pia","family":"Pappalardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology, ARNAS Hospital, Palermo - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Lagalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sezione di Scienze radiologiche, DIBIMEL, University of Palermo, Palermo - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Alongi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar-Verona - Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9290","key":"bibr1-tj.5000481","first-page":"1291","volume":"358","year":"2001","journal-title":"Adjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer: a systematic overview of 8,507 patients from 22 randomised trials. 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