{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:28:38Z","timestamp":1780583318950,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Medical records of 41 dogs, including 15 small breed dogs (&lt;15 kg) and 26 large breed dogs (&gt;15 kg), with cervical intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) that underwent a hemilaminectomy were reviewed. Dogs were diagnosed using myelography, computed tomography\/myelography, or MRI, and dogs were classified as having either Hansen Type I disc extrusion or Hansen Type II disc protrusion located ventrally, ventrolaterally, or laterally within the cervical spinal canal. The most common clinical presentation was ambulatory tetraparesis and\/or lameness (44%). The most affected sites for cervical IVDD were between the sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae (C6\u2013C7; 78% of Hansen Type II discs) and C2\u2013C3 (86% of Hansen Type I discs). Treatment was effective in 88% of dogs. Five large breed dogs (12%) did not improve. In dogs with a Hansen Type I disc extrusion, clinical signs improved in 96% of the cases. In dogs with a Hansen Type II disc protrusion, an excellent and good outcome was seen in 47% and 32% of cases, respectively. Outcome was significantly better for small breed dogs and dogs with Hansen Type I disc disease compared with large breed dogs and dogs with Hansen Type II disc disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-5604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]],"date-time":"2011-08-19T00:31:55Z","timestamp":1313713915000},"page":"342-350","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effectiveness of Cervical Hemilaminectomy in Canine Hansen Type I and Type II Disc Disease: A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Oliver","family":"Schmied","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Golini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Steffen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet","first-page":"1477","article-title":"Cervical intervertebral disc disease in dogs","volume":"14","author":"Toombs","year":"1992","unstructured":"Toombs\n              JP\n            \n          . Cervical intervertebral disc disease in dogs. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet1992;14:1477\u201386."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib2","series-title":"Acta Orthop Scand","first-page":"280","article-title":"A pathologic-anatomical interpretation of disc degeneration in dogs","volume":"20","author":"Hansen","year":"1951","unstructured":"Hansen\n              HJ\n            \n          . A pathologic-anatomical interpretation of disc degeneration in dogs. Acta Orthop Scand1951;20(4):280\u201393."},{"issue":"908","key":"bib3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"361","article-title":"Cervical disc protrusions in the dog","volume":"121","author":"Olsson","year":"1952","unstructured":"Olsson\n              SE\n            , HansenHJ. Cervical disc protrusions in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc1952;121(908):361\u201370."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib4","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"495","article-title":"Association of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings with outcome in dogs with presumptive acute noncompressive nucleus pulposus extrusion: 42 cases (2000\u20132007)","volume":"234","author":"De Risio","year":"2009","unstructured":"De Risio\n              L\n            , AdamsV, DennisR. Association of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings with outcome in dogs with presumptive acute noncompressive nucleus pulposus extrusion: 42 cases (2000\u20132007). J Am Vet Med Assoc2009;234(4):495\u2013504."},{"key":"bib5","series-title":"Small animal spinal disorders: diagnosis and surgery","first-page":"98","author":"Sharp","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sharp\n              JH\n            , WheelerSJ. Small animal spinal disorders: diagnosis and surgery. 2nd ed. Philadelphia (PA): Mosby; 2004:98\u20139."},{"key":"bib6","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"755","article-title":"Cervical disc disease in the dog: intraforaminal and lateral disc extrusions","volume":"19","author":"Felts","year":"1983","unstructured":"Felts\n              JF\n            , PrataRG. Cervical disc disease in the dog: intraforaminal and lateral disc extrusions. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1983;19:755\u201360."},{"key":"bib7","series-title":"Prog Vet Neurol","first-page":"39","article-title":"Lateral approach for cervical spinal cord decompression","volume":"3","author":"Lipsitz","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lipsitz\n              D\n            , BaileyCS. Lateral approach for cervical spinal cord decompression. Prog Vet Neurol1992;3:39\u201344."},{"key":"bib8","series-title":"Prog Vet Neurol","first-page":"60","article-title":"Clinical use of the lateral cervical approach for cervical spinal cord and nerve root disease: eight cases","volume":"6","author":"Lipsitz","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lipsitz\n              D\n            , BaileyCS. Clinical use of the lateral cervical approach for cervical spinal cord and nerve root disease: eight cases. Prog Vet Neurol1995;6:60\u20135."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib9","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"436","article-title":"A modified lateral approach to the canine cervical spine: procedural description and clinical application in 16 dogs with lateralized compressive myelopathy or radiculopathy","volume":"34","author":"Rossmeisl","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rossmeisl\n              JH\n              Jr\n            , LanzOI, InzanaKD. A modified lateral approach to the canine cervical spine: procedural description and clinical application in 16 dogs with lateralized compressive myelopathy or radiculopathy. Vet Surg2005;34(5):436\u201344."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Vet Med Sci","first-page":"679","article-title":"Usefulness of hemilaminectomy for cervical intervertebral disc disease in small dogs","volume":"67","author":"Tanaka","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tanaka\n              H\n            , NakayamaM, TakaseK. Usefulness of hemilaminectomy for cervical intervertebral disc disease in small dogs. J Vet Med Sci2005;67(7):679\u201383."},{"key":"bib11","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"379","article-title":"Hemilaminectomy for cervical disc protrusion in a dog","volume":"143","author":"Pettit","year":"1963","unstructured":"Pettit\n              GD\n            , WhitakerRP. Hemilaminectomy for cervical disc protrusion in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc1963;143:379\u201383."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib12","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","first-page":"667","article-title":"Disc-associated wobbler syndrome in the Doberman pinscher","volume":"18","author":"VanGundy","year":"1988","unstructured":"VanGundy\n              TE\n            \n          . Disc-associated wobbler syndrome in the Doberman pinscher. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract1988;18(3):667\u201396."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib13","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"68","article-title":"Caudal cervical intervertebral disc disease in the small dog: role of distraction and stabilization in ventral slot decompression","volume":"36","author":"Fitch","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fitch\n              RB\n            , KerwinSC, HosgoodG. Caudal cervical intervertebral disc disease in the small dog: role of distraction and stabilization in ventral slot decompression. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc2000;36(1):68\u201374."},{"key":"bib14","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"647","article-title":"Nonambulatory tetraparesis secondary to cervical disc disease in the dog","volume":"25","author":"Waters","year":"1989","unstructured":"Waters\n              DJ\n            \n          . Nonambulatory tetraparesis secondary to cervical disc disease in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1989;25:647\u201353."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib15","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"316","article-title":"A retrospective comparison of cervical intervertebral disc disease in nonchondrodystrophic large dogs versus small dogs","volume":"40","author":"Cherrone","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cherrone\n              KL\n            , DeweyCW, CoatesJR. A retrospective comparison of cervical intervertebral disc disease in nonchondrodystrophic large dogs versus small dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc2004;40(4):316\u201320."},{"issue":"15","key":"bib16","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"407","article-title":"Spinal cord injury in small animals. 1. Mechanisms of spontaneous recovery","volume":"144","author":"Jeffery","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jeffery\n              ND\n            , BlakemoreWF. Spinal cord injury in small animals. 1. Mechanisms of spontaneous recovery. Vet Rec1999;144(15):407\u201313."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib17","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"100","article-title":"Computed tomography in the evaluation of caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy of the Doberman pinscher","volume":"36","author":"Sharp","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sharp\n              NJH\n            , CofoneM, RobertsonD. Computed tomography in the evaluation of caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy of the Doberman pinscher. Vet Radiol Ultrasound1995;36(2):100\u20138."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib18","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"425","article-title":"Comparison of two surgical techniques for the management of cervical spondylomyelopathy in dobermanns","volume":"39","author":"Rusbridge","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rusbridge\n              C\n            , WheelerSJ, TorringtonAM. Comparison of two surgical techniques for the management of cervical spondylomyelopathy in dobermanns. J Small Anim Pract1998;39(9):425\u201331."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib19","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1284","article-title":"Outcome of medical and surgical treatment in dogs with cervical spondylomyelopathy: 104 cases (1988\u20132004)","volume":"233","author":"da Costa","year":"2008","unstructured":"da Costa\n              RC\n            , ParentJM, HolmbergDL. Outcome of medical and surgical treatment in dogs with cervical spondylomyelopathy: 104 cases (1988\u20132004). J Am Vet Med Assoc2008;233(8):1284\u201390."},{"key":"bib20","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"775","article-title":"Update on ventral slot decompression for caudal cervical disc herniation in Doberman pinschers","volume":"22","author":"Chambers","year":"1986","unstructured":"Chambers\n              JN\n            , OliverJE, BjorlingDE. Update on ventral slot decompression for caudal cervical disc herniation in Doberman pinschers. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1986;22:775\u20138."},{"key":"bib21","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"739","article-title":"An analysis of intraoperative and early postoperative mortality associated with cervical spinal decompressive surgery in the dog","volume":"22","author":"Clark","year":"1986","unstructured":"Clark\n              DM\n            \n          . An analysis of intraoperative and early postoperative mortality associated with cervical spinal decompressive surgery in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1986;22:739\u201344."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib22","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"418","article-title":"Dorsal laminectomy for caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy: postoperative recovery and long-term follow-up in 20 dogs","volume":"31","author":"De Risio","year":"2002","unstructured":"De Risio\n              L\n            , Mu\u00f1anaK, MurrayM. Dorsal laminectomy for caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy: postoperative recovery and long-term follow-up in 20 dogs. Vet Surg2002;31(5):418\u201327."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib23","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"348","article-title":"Vertebral subluxation following ventral cervical decompression in the dog","volume":"36","author":"Lemari\u00e9","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lemari\u00e9\n              RJ\n            , KerwinSC, PartingtonBP. Vertebral subluxation following ventral cervical decompression in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc2000;36(4):348\u201358."},{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet","first-page":"1477","article-title":"Cervical intervertebral disc disease in dogs","volume":"14","author":"Toombs","year":"1992","unstructured":"Toombs\n              JP\n            \n          . Cervical intervertebral disc disease in dogs. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet1992;14:1477\u201386."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib2","series-title":"Acta Orthop Scand","first-page":"280","article-title":"A pathologic-anatomical interpretation of disc degeneration in dogs","volume":"20","author":"Hansen","year":"1951","unstructured":"Hansen\n              HJ\n            \n          . A pathologic-anatomical interpretation of disc degeneration in dogs. Acta Orthop Scand1951;20(4):280\u201393."},{"issue":"908","key":"bib3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"361","article-title":"Cervical disc protrusions in the dog","volume":"121","author":"Olsson","year":"1952","unstructured":"Olsson\n              SE\n            , HansenHJ. Cervical disc protrusions in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc1952;121(908):361\u201370."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib4","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"495","article-title":"Association of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings with outcome in dogs with presumptive acute noncompressive nucleus pulposus extrusion: 42 cases (2000\u20132007)","volume":"234","author":"De Risio","year":"2009","unstructured":"De Risio\n              L\n            , AdamsV, DennisR. Association of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings with outcome in dogs with presumptive acute noncompressive nucleus pulposus extrusion: 42 cases (2000\u20132007). J Am Vet Med Assoc2009;234(4):495\u2013504."},{"key":"bib5","series-title":"Small animal spinal disorders: diagnosis and surgery","first-page":"98","author":"Sharp","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sharp\n              JH\n            , WheelerSJ. Small animal spinal disorders: diagnosis and surgery. 2nd ed. Philadelphia (PA): Mosby; 2004:98\u20139."},{"key":"bib6","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"755","article-title":"Cervical disc disease in the dog: intraforaminal and lateral disc extrusions","volume":"19","author":"Felts","year":"1983","unstructured":"Felts\n              JF\n            , PrataRG. Cervical disc disease in the dog: intraforaminal and lateral disc extrusions. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1983;19:755\u201360."},{"key":"bib7","series-title":"Prog Vet Neurol","first-page":"39","article-title":"Lateral approach for cervical spinal cord decompression","volume":"3","author":"Lipsitz","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lipsitz\n              D\n            , BaileyCS. Lateral approach for cervical spinal cord decompression. Prog Vet Neurol1992;3:39\u201344."},{"key":"bib8","series-title":"Prog Vet Neurol","first-page":"60","article-title":"Clinical use of the lateral cervical approach for cervical spinal cord and nerve root disease: eight cases","volume":"6","author":"Lipsitz","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lipsitz\n              D\n            , BaileyCS. Clinical use of the lateral cervical approach for cervical spinal cord and nerve root disease: eight cases. Prog Vet Neurol1995;6:60\u20135."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib9","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"436","article-title":"A modified lateral approach to the canine cervical spine: procedural description and clinical application in 16 dogs with lateralized compressive myelopathy or radiculopathy","volume":"34","author":"Rossmeisl","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rossmeisl\n              JH\n              Jr\n            , LanzOI, InzanaKD. A modified lateral approach to the canine cervical spine: procedural description and clinical application in 16 dogs with lateralized compressive myelopathy or radiculopathy. Vet Surg2005;34(5):436\u201344."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Vet Med Sci","first-page":"679","article-title":"Usefulness of hemilaminectomy for cervical intervertebral disc disease in small dogs","volume":"67","author":"Tanaka","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tanaka\n              H\n            , NakayamaM, TakaseK. Usefulness of hemilaminectomy for cervical intervertebral disc disease in small dogs. J Vet Med Sci2005;67(7):679\u201383."},{"key":"bib11","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"379","article-title":"Hemilaminectomy for cervical disc protrusion in a dog","volume":"143","author":"Pettit","year":"1963","unstructured":"Pettit\n              GD\n            , WhitakerRP. Hemilaminectomy for cervical disc protrusion in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc1963;143:379\u201383."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib12","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","first-page":"667","article-title":"Disc-associated wobbler syndrome in the Doberman pinscher","volume":"18","author":"VanGundy","year":"1988","unstructured":"VanGundy\n              TE\n            \n          . Disc-associated wobbler syndrome in the Doberman pinscher. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract1988;18(3):667\u201396."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib13","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"68","article-title":"Caudal cervical intervertebral disc disease in the small dog: role of distraction and stabilization in ventral slot decompression","volume":"36","author":"Fitch","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fitch\n              RB\n            , KerwinSC, HosgoodG. Caudal cervical intervertebral disc disease in the small dog: role of distraction and stabilization in ventral slot decompression. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc2000;36(1):68\u201374."},{"key":"bib14","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"647","article-title":"Nonambulatory tetraparesis secondary to cervical disc disease in the dog","volume":"25","author":"Waters","year":"1989","unstructured":"Waters\n              DJ\n            \n          . Nonambulatory tetraparesis secondary to cervical disc disease in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1989;25:647\u201353."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib15","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"316","article-title":"A retrospective comparison of cervical intervertebral disc disease in nonchondrodystrophic large dogs versus small dogs","volume":"40","author":"Cherrone","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cherrone\n              KL\n            , DeweyCW, CoatesJR. A retrospective comparison of cervical intervertebral disc disease in nonchondrodystrophic large dogs versus small dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc2004;40(4):316\u201320."},{"issue":"15","key":"bib16","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"407","article-title":"Spinal cord injury in small animals. 1. Mechanisms of spontaneous recovery","volume":"144","author":"Jeffery","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jeffery\n              ND\n            , BlakemoreWF. Spinal cord injury in small animals. 1. Mechanisms of spontaneous recovery. Vet Rec1999;144(15):407\u201313."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib17","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"100","article-title":"Computed tomography in the evaluation of caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy of the Doberman pinscher","volume":"36","author":"Sharp","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sharp\n              NJH\n            , CofoneM, RobertsonD. Computed tomography in the evaluation of caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy of the Doberman pinscher. Vet Radiol Ultrasound1995;36(2):100\u20138."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib18","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"425","article-title":"Comparison of two surgical techniques for the management of cervical spondylomyelopathy in dobermanns","volume":"39","author":"Rusbridge","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rusbridge\n              C\n            , WheelerSJ, TorringtonAM. Comparison of two surgical techniques for the management of cervical spondylomyelopathy in dobermanns. J Small Anim Pract1998;39(9):425\u201331."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib19","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1284","article-title":"Outcome of medical and surgical treatment in dogs with cervical spondylomyelopathy: 104 cases (1988\u20132004)","volume":"233","author":"da Costa","year":"2008","unstructured":"da Costa\n              RC\n            , ParentJM, HolmbergDL. Outcome of medical and surgical treatment in dogs with cervical spondylomyelopathy: 104 cases (1988\u20132004). J Am Vet Med Assoc2008;233(8):1284\u201390."},{"key":"bib20","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"775","article-title":"Update on ventral slot decompression for caudal cervical disc herniation in Doberman pinschers","volume":"22","author":"Chambers","year":"1986","unstructured":"Chambers\n              JN\n            , OliverJE, BjorlingDE. Update on ventral slot decompression for caudal cervical disc herniation in Doberman pinschers. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1986;22:775\u20138."},{"key":"bib21","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"739","article-title":"An analysis of intraoperative and early postoperative mortality associated with cervical spinal decompressive surgery in the dog","volume":"22","author":"Clark","year":"1986","unstructured":"Clark\n              DM\n            \n          . An analysis of intraoperative and early postoperative mortality associated with cervical spinal decompressive surgery in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1986;22:739\u201344."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib22","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"418","article-title":"Dorsal laminectomy for caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy: postoperative recovery and long-term follow-up in 20 dogs","volume":"31","author":"De Risio","year":"2002","unstructured":"De Risio\n              L\n            , Mu\u00f1anaK, MurrayM. Dorsal laminectomy for caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy: postoperative recovery and long-term follow-up in 20 dogs. Vet Surg2002;31(5):418\u201327."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib23","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"348","article-title":"Vertebral subluxation following ventral cervical decompression in the dog","volume":"36","author":"Lemari\u00e9","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lemari\u00e9\n              RJ\n            , KerwinSC, PartingtonBP. Vertebral subluxation following ventral cervical decompression in the dog. 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