{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:54:16Z","timestamp":1791266056469,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sixty-one adrenal gland tumors were surgically removed from 60 dogs. Fifty-two dogs underwent elective adrenalectomy and 8 dogs underwent emergency adrenalectomy for acute adrenal hemorrhage. Size of adrenal tumors ranged from 10 mm to 80 mm. Histopathology confirmed a diagnosis of adrenocortical tumor in 47 dogs, 26 of which were malignant. Pheochromocytoma was diagnosed in 11 dogs. Six dogs had tumor invasion of the caudal vena cava. Of the seven dogs that did not survive the perioperative period, four underwent emergency adrenalectomy. No dogs with tumor invasion of the caudal vena cava died perioperatively. Perioperative morality rates were 5.7% for dogs that underwent elective adrenalectomy and 50% for dogs that underwent emergency adrenalectomy for acute adrenal hemorrhage. Median survival time was 492 days for the 53 dogs that survived the perioperative period. Of the factors analyzed, only adrenal tumor size and the presence of acute adrenal hemorrhage had predictive values for perioperative mortality. Those dogs that survived the perioperative period had extended survival times of up to 1,590 days. The mortality rate associated with elective adrenalectomy in dogs may be lower than previously reported. Dogs with very large tumors or acute adrenal hemorrhage may have a more guarded prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-5669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,4]],"date-time":"2011-11-04T12:29:53Z","timestamp":1320409793000},"page":"428-435","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Elective and Emergency Surgical Management of Adrenal Gland Tumors: 60 Cases (1999\u20132006)"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Lang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Schertel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawn","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Barnhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Briana","family":"Danielson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Withrow and McEwen's small animal clinical 442 oncology","first-page":"588","article-title":"Tumors of the endocrine system","author":"Bailey","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bailey\n              DB\n            , PageRL. Tumors of the endocrine system. In: WithrowSJ, VailDM, eds. Withrow and McEwen's small animal clinical 442 oncology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Sauders Elsevier; 2007:588\u201391."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib2","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"93","article-title":"Surgical treatment of adrenocortical tumors: 21 cases (1990-1996)","volume":"37","author":"Anderson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Anderson\n              CR\n            , BirchardSJ, PowersBE. Surgical treatment of adrenocortical tumors: 21 cases (1990-1996). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc2001;37(1):93\u20137."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"654","article-title":"Surgical management of adrenal gland tumors with and without associated tumor thrombi in dogs: 40 cases (1994-2001)","volume":"223","author":"Kyles","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kyles\n              AE\n            , FeldmanEC, De CockHEV. Surgical management of adrenal gland tumors with and without associated tumor thrombi in dogs: 40 cases (1994-2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223(5):654\u201362."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib4","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"195","article-title":"Surgical treatment of pheochromocytoma: technique, complications, and results in six dogs","volume":"23","author":"Gilson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gilson\n              SD\n            , WithrowSJ, OrtonEC. Surgical treatment of pheochromocytoma: technique, complications, and results in six dogs. Vet Surg1994;23(3):195\u2013200."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib5","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"272","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma in dogs: 61 cases (1984-1995)","volume":"11","author":"Barthez","year":"1997","unstructured":"Barthez\n              PY\n            , MarksSL, WooJ. Pheochromocytoma in dogs: 61 cases (1984-1995). J Vet Intern Med1997;11(5):272\u20138."},{"key":"bib6","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"557","article-title":"Adrenalectomy in the management of canine hyperadrenocorticism","volume":"23","author":"Emms","year":"1987","unstructured":"Emms\n              SG\n            , JohnstonDE, EigenmannJE. Adrenalectomy in the management of canine hyperadrenocorticism. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1987;23:557\u201364."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib7","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1360","article-title":"Results of surgical treatment for hyperadrenocorticism caused by adrenocortical neoplasia in the dog: 25 cases","volume":"189","author":"Scavelli","year":"1980-1984","unstructured":"Scavelli\n              TD\n            , PetersonME, MatthiesenDT. Results of surgical treatment for hyperadrenocorticism caused by adrenocortical neoplasia in the dog: 25 cases (1980-1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc1986;189(10):1360\u20134."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib8","series-title":"Vet Q","first-page":"113","article-title":"Results of adrenalectomy in 36 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism caused by adreno-cortical tumour","volume":"17","author":"van Sluijs","year":"1995","unstructured":"van Sluijs\n              FJ\n            , SjollemaBE, VoorhoutG. Results of adrenalectomy in 36 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism caused by adreno-cortical tumour. Vet Q1995;17(3):113\u20136."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib9","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","article-title":"Nontraumatic rupture of an adrenal gland tumor causing intra-abdominal or retroperitoneal hemorrhage in four dogs","volume":"219","author":"Whittemore","year":"2001","unstructured":"Whittemore\n              JC\n            , PrestonCA, KylesAE. Nontraumatic rupture of an adrenal gland tumor causing intra-abdominal or retroperitoneal hemorrhage in four dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219(3):324, 329\u201333."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"278","article-title":"Hemoperitoneum secondary to traumatic rupture of an adrenal tumor in a dog","volume":"198","author":"Evans","year":"1991","unstructured":"Evans\n              K\n            , HosgoodG, BoonGD. Hemoperitoneum secondary to traumatic rupture of an adrenal tumor in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc1991;198(2):278\u201380."},{"issue":"23","key":"bib11","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"539","article-title":"Haemorrhage from a canine adrenocortical tumour: a clinical emergency","volume":"131","author":"Vandenbergh","year":"1992","unstructured":"Vandenbergh\n              AG\n            , VoorhoutG, van SluijsFJ. Haemorrhage from a canine adrenocortical tumour: a clinical emergency. Vet Rec1992;131(23):539\u201340."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib12","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1610","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma in dogs: 13 cases (1980-1985)","volume":"191","author":"Bouayad","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bouayad\n              H\n            , FeeneyDA, CaywoodDD. Pheochromocytoma in dogs: 13 cases (1980-1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc1987;191(12):1610\u20135."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib13","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"228","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma in 50 dogs","volume":"8","author":"Gilson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gilson\n              SD\n            , WithrowSJ, WheelerSL. Pheochromocytoma in 50 dogs. J Vet Intern Med1994;8(3):228\u201332."},{"key":"bib14","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"126","article-title":"Ultrasonographic parameters of normal canine adrenal glands: comparison to necropsy findings","volume":"36","author":"Grooters","year":"1995","unstructured":"Grooters\n              AM\n            , BillerDS, MerrymanJ. Ultrasonographic parameters of normal canine adrenal glands: comparison to necropsy findings. Vet Radiol Ultrasound1995;36:126\u201330."},{"key":"bib15","series-title":"Lumb and Jones veterinary anesthesia and analgesia","first-page":"429","article-title":"Monitoring neuromuscular blockade","author":"Martinez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Martinez\n              EA\n            , KeeganRD. Monitoring neuromuscular blockade. In: TranquilliWJ, ThurmonJC, GrimmKA, eds. Lumb and Jones veterinary anesthesia and analgesia. 4th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell; 2007;429\u201333."},{"key":"bib16","series-title":"Textbook of small animal surgery","first-page":"1694","article-title":"Adrenalectomy","author":"Birchard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Birchard\n              SJ\n            \n          . Adrenalectomy. In: SlatterD, ed. Textbook of small animal surgery. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2003:1694\u20139."},{"key":"bib17","series-title":"Canine and feline endocrinology and reproduction","first-page":"187","article-title":"Canine Cushing's syndrome","author":"Feldman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Feldman\n              EC\n            , NelsonRW. Canine Cushing's syndrome. In: FeldmanEC, NelsonRW, eds. Canine and feline endocrinology and reproduction. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1996:187\u2013242."},{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Withrow and McEwen's small animal clinical 442 oncology","first-page":"588","article-title":"Tumors of the endocrine system","author":"Bailey","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bailey\n              DB\n            , PageRL. Tumors of the endocrine system. In: WithrowSJ, VailDM, eds. Withrow and McEwen's small animal clinical 442 oncology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Sauders Elsevier; 2007:588\u201391."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib2","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"93","article-title":"Surgical treatment of adrenocortical tumors: 21 cases (1990-1996)","volume":"37","author":"Anderson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Anderson\n              CR\n            , BirchardSJ, PowersBE. Surgical treatment of adrenocortical tumors: 21 cases (1990-1996). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc2001;37(1):93\u20137."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"654","article-title":"Surgical management of adrenal gland tumors with and without associated tumor thrombi in dogs: 40 cases (1994-2001)","volume":"223","author":"Kyles","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kyles\n              AE\n            , FeldmanEC, De CockHEV. Surgical management of adrenal gland tumors with and without associated tumor thrombi in dogs: 40 cases (1994-2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223(5):654\u201362."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib4","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"195","article-title":"Surgical treatment of pheochromocytoma: technique, complications, and results in six dogs","volume":"23","author":"Gilson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gilson\n              SD\n            , WithrowSJ, OrtonEC. Surgical treatment of pheochromocytoma: technique, complications, and results in six dogs. Vet Surg1994;23(3):195\u2013200."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib5","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"272","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma in dogs: 61 cases (1984-1995)","volume":"11","author":"Barthez","year":"1997","unstructured":"Barthez\n              PY\n            , MarksSL, WooJ. Pheochromocytoma in dogs: 61 cases (1984-1995). J Vet Intern Med1997;11(5):272\u20138."},{"key":"bib6","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"557","article-title":"Adrenalectomy in the management of canine hyperadrenocorticism","volume":"23","author":"Emms","year":"1987","unstructured":"Emms\n              SG\n            , JohnstonDE, EigenmannJE. Adrenalectomy in the management of canine hyperadrenocorticism. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1987;23:557\u201364."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib7","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1360","article-title":"Results of surgical treatment for hyperadrenocorticism caused by adrenocortical neoplasia in the dog: 25 cases","volume":"189","author":"Scavelli","year":"1980-1984","unstructured":"Scavelli\n              TD\n            , PetersonME, MatthiesenDT. Results of surgical treatment for hyperadrenocorticism caused by adrenocortical neoplasia in the dog: 25 cases (1980-1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc1986;189(10):1360\u20134."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib8","series-title":"Vet Q","first-page":"113","article-title":"Results of adrenalectomy in 36 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism caused by adreno-cortical tumour","volume":"17","author":"van Sluijs","year":"1995","unstructured":"van Sluijs\n              FJ\n            , SjollemaBE, VoorhoutG. Results of adrenalectomy in 36 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism caused by adreno-cortical tumour. Vet Q1995;17(3):113\u20136."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib9","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","article-title":"Nontraumatic rupture of an adrenal gland tumor causing intra-abdominal or retroperitoneal hemorrhage in four dogs","volume":"219","author":"Whittemore","year":"2001","unstructured":"Whittemore\n              JC\n            , PrestonCA, KylesAE. Nontraumatic rupture of an adrenal gland tumor causing intra-abdominal or retroperitoneal hemorrhage in four dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219(3):324, 329\u201333."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"278","article-title":"Hemoperitoneum secondary to traumatic rupture of an adrenal tumor in a dog","volume":"198","author":"Evans","year":"1991","unstructured":"Evans\n              K\n            , HosgoodG, BoonGD. Hemoperitoneum secondary to traumatic rupture of an adrenal tumor in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc1991;198(2):278\u201380."},{"issue":"23","key":"bib11","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"539","article-title":"Haemorrhage from a canine adrenocortical tumour: a clinical emergency","volume":"131","author":"Vandenbergh","year":"1992","unstructured":"Vandenbergh\n              AG\n            , VoorhoutG, van SluijsFJ. Haemorrhage from a canine adrenocortical tumour: a clinical emergency. Vet Rec1992;131(23):539\u201340."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib12","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1610","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma in dogs: 13 cases (1980-1985)","volume":"191","author":"Bouayad","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bouayad\n              H\n            , FeeneyDA, CaywoodDD. Pheochromocytoma in dogs: 13 cases (1980-1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc1987;191(12):1610\u20135."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib13","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"228","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma in 50 dogs","volume":"8","author":"Gilson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gilson\n              SD\n            , WithrowSJ, WheelerSL. Pheochromocytoma in 50 dogs. J Vet Intern Med1994;8(3):228\u201332."},{"key":"bib14","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"126","article-title":"Ultrasonographic parameters of normal canine adrenal glands: comparison to necropsy findings","volume":"36","author":"Grooters","year":"1995","unstructured":"Grooters\n              AM\n            , BillerDS, MerrymanJ. Ultrasonographic parameters of normal canine adrenal glands: comparison to necropsy findings. Vet Radiol Ultrasound1995;36:126\u201330."},{"key":"bib15","series-title":"Lumb and Jones veterinary anesthesia and analgesia","first-page":"429","article-title":"Monitoring neuromuscular blockade","author":"Martinez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Martinez\n              EA\n            , KeeganRD. Monitoring neuromuscular blockade. In: TranquilliWJ, ThurmonJC, GrimmKA, eds. Lumb and Jones veterinary anesthesia and analgesia. 4th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell; 2007;429\u201333."},{"key":"bib16","series-title":"Textbook of small animal surgery","first-page":"1694","article-title":"Adrenalectomy","author":"Birchard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Birchard\n              SJ\n            \n          . Adrenalectomy. In: SlatterD, ed. Textbook of small animal surgery. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2003:1694\u20139."},{"key":"bib17","series-title":"Canine and feline endocrinology and reproduction","first-page":"187","article-title":"Canine Cushing's syndrome","author":"Feldman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Feldman\n              EC\n            , NelsonRW. Canine Cushing's syndrome. In: FeldmanEC, NelsonRW, eds. Canine and feline endocrinology and reproduction. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1996:187\u2013242."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/aaha\/47\/6\/article-p428.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jaaha\/article-pdf\/47\/6\/428\/2377155\/jaaha-ms-5669.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/aaha\/47\/6\/article-p428.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/aaha\/47\/6\/article-p428.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:31:03Z","timestamp":1772325063000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/aaha\/47\/6\/article-p428.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5326\/jaaha-ms-5669","relation":{},"ISSN":["0587-2871","1547-3317"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0587-2871","type":"print"},{"value":"1547-3317","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}}}