{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T01:02:56Z","timestamp":1772326976369,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A 5 mo old female rottweiler was referred for evaluation of a suspected congenital heart disease. Clinical signs included anorexia, exercise intolerance, and severe loss of body condition. Clinical examination revealed dyspnea, pale mucous membranes, and weak femoral pulses. Pleural and abdominal effusions and iron deficiency anemia were identified. A distended intrathoracic caudal vena cava (CVC) visible on thoracic radiographs suggested that the modified transudate abdominal effusion was the result of improper venous return to the right side of the heart.\n                    <jats:italic>Cor triatriatum dexter<\/jats:italic>\n                    (CTD) was diagnosed via echocardiography but did not explain all the anomalies detected during a contrast echocardiography. Abnormal communications between the CVC and azygos vein and the CVC and thoracic duct were subsequently identified by abdominal ultrasonography and angiography. Medical management with diuretics, iron supplements, and surgical treatment of CTD resulted in normalization of the respiratory rate, the exercise intolerance, and the anemia. To the authors\u2019 knowledge, this is the first reported case of CTD associated with shunts between the CTV and both the azygos vein and thoracic duct in dogs. This report emphasizes the importance of presurgical assessment of concurrent thoracic and abdominal congenital vascular abnormalities.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-5789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,17]],"date-time":"2013-01-17T02:28:31Z","timestamp":1358389711000},"page":"128-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Shunting Between the CVC and Both the Azygos Vein and Thoracic Duct in a Dog with CTDS"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Fanny","family":"Bernardin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne-Laure","family":"Freulon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Rigaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thibault","family":"Ribas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laetitia","family":"Jaillardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cindy","family":"Chervier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Chuzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Viguier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Pariaut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Bublot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"bib1","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"471","article-title":"Balloon dilation of cor triatriatum dexter in a dog","volume":"14","author":"Atkins","year":"2000","unstructured":"Atkins\n              C\n            , DeFrancescoT. Balloon dilation of cor triatriatum dexter in a dog. J Vet Intern Med2000;14(5):471\u20132."},{"key":"bib2","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"153","article-title":"Cor triatriatum dexter in a dog","volume":"30","author":"Brayley","year":"1994","unstructured":"Brayley\n              KA\n            , LunneyJ, EttingerSJ. Cor triatriatum dexter in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1994;30:153\u20136."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib3","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"241","article-title":"Transient tricuspid valve regurgitation following surgical treatment of cor triatriatum dexter in a dog","volume":"50","author":"Chanoit","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chanoit\n              G\n            , BublotI, ViguierE. Transient tricuspid valve regurgitation following surgical treatment of cor triatriatum dexter in a dog. J Small Anim Pract2009;50(5):241\u20135."},{"key":"bib4","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"289","article-title":"Cor triatriatum dexter in two dogs","volume":"29","author":"Jevens","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jevens\n              DJ\n            , JohnstonSA, AndersonLK. Cor triatriatum dexter in two dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1993;29:289\u201393."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib5","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"16","article-title":"Management of cor triatriatum dexter by balloon dilatation in three dogs","volume":"45","author":"Johnson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Johnson\n              MS\n            , MartinM, De GiovanniJV. Management of cor triatriatum dexter by balloon dilatation in three dogs. J Small Anim Pract2004;45(1):16\u201320."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib6","series-title":"Aust Vet J","first-page":"177","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of cor triatriatum dexter in a Pyrenean mountain dog and an Akita Inu","volume":"79","author":"Mitten","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mitten\n              RW\n            , EdwardsGA, RishniwM. Diagnosis and management of cor triatriatum dexter in a Pyrenean mountain dog and an Akita Inu. Aust Vet J2001;79(3):177\u201380."},{"key":"bib7","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"385","article-title":"Cor triatriatum dexter with Budd-Chiari syndrome and review of ascites in young dogs","volume":"31","author":"Otto","year":"1990","unstructured":"Otto\n              CM\n            , MahaffeyM, JacobsC. Cor triatriatum dexter with Budd-Chiari syndrome and review of ascites in young dogs. J Small Anim Pract1990;31:385\u20139."},{"key":"bib8","series-title":"Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet","first-page":"401","article-title":"Cor triatriatum dexter in a dog","volume":"8","author":"Stern","year":"1986","unstructured":"Stern\n              A\n            , FallonRK, AronsonE. Cor triatriatum dexter in a dog. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet1986;8:401\u201311."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib9","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"68","article-title":"Doppler-ultrasonographic detection of retrograde pulsatile flow in the caudal vena cava of a puppy with cor triatriatum dexter","volume":"147","author":"Szatm\u00e1ri","year":"2000","unstructured":"Szatm\u00e1ri\n              V\n            , S\u00f3tonyiP, FenyvesB. Doppler-ultrasonographic detection of retrograde pulsatile flow in the caudal vena cava of a puppy with cor triatriatum dexter. Vet Rec2000;147(3):68\u201372."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"285","article-title":"Cor triatriatum dexter in two dogs","volume":"202","author":"Tobias","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tobias\n              AH\n            , ThomasWP, KittlesonMD. Cor triatriatum dexter in two dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc1993;202(2):285\u201390."},{"key":"bib11","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"67","article-title":"Kinking of the intrathoracic caudal vena cava in five dogs","volume":"26","author":"Cornelius","year":"1985","unstructured":"Cornelius\n              L\n            , MahaffeyM. Kinking of the intrathoracic caudal vena cava in five dogs. J Small Anim Pract1985;26:67\u201380."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib12","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"573","article-title":"Imaging diagnosis: azygos continuation of the caudal vena cava with and without portocaval shunting","volume":"49","author":"Fischetti","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fischetti\n              AJ\n            , KovakJ. Imaging diagnosis: azygos continuation of the caudal vena cava with and without portocaval shunting. Vet Radiol Ultrasound2008;49(6):573\u20136."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib13","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"203","article-title":"Congenital interruption of the portal vein and caudal vena cava in dogs: six case reports and a review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Hunt","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hunt\n              GB\n            , BellengerCR, BorgR. Congenital interruption of the portal vein and caudal vena cava in dogs: six case reports and a review of the literature. Vet Surg1998;27(3):203\u201315."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib14","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"439","article-title":"Primary fibroma in the right atrium of a dog","volume":"21","author":"Lombard","year":"1980","unstructured":"Lombard\n              CW\n            , GoldschmidtMH. Primary fibroma in the right atrium of a dog. J Small Anim Pract1980;21(8):439\u201348."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib15","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"880","article-title":"Congenital obstruction of the caudal vena cava in a dog","volume":"197","author":"Malik","year":"1990","unstructured":"Malik\n              R\n            , HuntGB, ChardRB. Congenital obstruction of the caudal vena cava in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc1990;197(7):880\u20132."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib16","series-title":"Diagn Imaging Clin Med","first-page":"343","article-title":"Peripheral veno-lymphatic communications","volume":"55","author":"Vas","year":"1986","unstructured":"Vas\n              WG\n            , SidharthanAS, SalimiZ. Peripheral veno-lymphatic communications. Diagn Imaging Clin Med1986;55(6):343\u20137."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib17","series-title":"J Surg Res","first-page":"317","article-title":"Aberrant veno-lymphatic communication noted in a dog","volume":"2","author":"Danese","year":"1962","unstructured":"Danese\n              C\n            , HowardJM, BowerR. Aberrant veno-lymphatic communication noted in a dog. J Surg Res1962;2(5):317\u20139."},{"key":"bib18","series-title":"Schalm\u2019s veterinary hematology","year":"2010","unstructured":"Weiss\n              DJ\n            , WardropKJ, eds. Schalm\u2019s veterinary hematology. 6th ed. Ames (IA): Wiley-Blackwell; 2010."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib19","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"55","article-title":"Hematologic changes associated with serum and hepatic iron alterations in dogs with congenital portosystemic vascular anomalies","volume":"8","author":"Meyer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Meyer\n              DJ\n            , HarveyJW. Hematologic changes associated with serum and hepatic iron alterations in dogs with congenital portosystemic vascular anomalies. J Vet Intern Med1994;8(1):55\u20136."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib20","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"14","article-title":"Iron status and erythrocyte volume in dogs with congenital portosystemic vascular anomalies","volume":"11","author":"Simpson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Simpson\n              KW\n            , MeyerDJ, BoswoodA. Iron status and erythrocyte volume in dogs with congenital portosystemic vascular anomalies. J Vet Intern Med1997;11(1):14\u20139."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib1","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"471","article-title":"Balloon dilation of cor triatriatum dexter in a dog","volume":"14","author":"Atkins","year":"2000","unstructured":"Atkins\n              C\n            , DeFrancescoT. Balloon dilation of cor triatriatum dexter in a dog. J Vet Intern Med2000;14(5):471\u20132."},{"key":"bib2","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"153","article-title":"Cor triatriatum dexter in a dog","volume":"30","author":"Brayley","year":"1994","unstructured":"Brayley\n              KA\n            , LunneyJ, EttingerSJ. Cor triatriatum dexter in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1994;30:153\u20136."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib3","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"241","article-title":"Transient tricuspid valve regurgitation following surgical treatment of cor triatriatum dexter in a dog","volume":"50","author":"Chanoit","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chanoit\n              G\n            , BublotI, ViguierE. Transient tricuspid valve regurgitation following surgical treatment of cor triatriatum dexter in a dog. J Small Anim Pract2009;50(5):241\u20135."},{"key":"bib4","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"289","article-title":"Cor triatriatum dexter in two dogs","volume":"29","author":"Jevens","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jevens\n              DJ\n            , JohnstonSA, AndersonLK. Cor triatriatum dexter in two dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc1993;29:289\u201393."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib5","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"16","article-title":"Management of cor triatriatum dexter by balloon dilatation in three dogs","volume":"45","author":"Johnson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Johnson\n              MS\n            , MartinM, De GiovanniJV. Management of cor triatriatum dexter by balloon dilatation in three dogs. J Small Anim Pract2004;45(1):16\u201320."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib6","series-title":"Aust Vet J","first-page":"177","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of cor triatriatum dexter in a Pyrenean mountain dog and an Akita Inu","volume":"79","author":"Mitten","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mitten\n              RW\n            , EdwardsGA, RishniwM. Diagnosis and management of cor triatriatum dexter in a Pyrenean mountain dog and an Akita Inu. Aust Vet J2001;79(3):177\u201380."},{"key":"bib7","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"385","article-title":"Cor triatriatum dexter with Budd-Chiari syndrome and review of ascites in young dogs","volume":"31","author":"Otto","year":"1990","unstructured":"Otto\n              CM\n            , MahaffeyM, JacobsC. Cor triatriatum dexter with Budd-Chiari syndrome and review of ascites in young dogs. J Small Anim Pract1990;31:385\u20139."},{"key":"bib8","series-title":"Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet","first-page":"401","article-title":"Cor triatriatum dexter in a dog","volume":"8","author":"Stern","year":"1986","unstructured":"Stern\n              A\n            , FallonRK, AronsonE. Cor triatriatum dexter in a dog. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet1986;8:401\u201311."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib9","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"68","article-title":"Doppler-ultrasonographic detection of retrograde pulsatile flow in the caudal vena cava of a puppy with cor triatriatum dexter","volume":"147","author":"Szatm\u00e1ri","year":"2000","unstructured":"Szatm\u00e1ri\n              V\n            , S\u00f3tonyiP, FenyvesB. Doppler-ultrasonographic detection of retrograde pulsatile flow in the caudal vena cava of a puppy with cor triatriatum dexter. Vet Rec2000;147(3):68\u201372."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"285","article-title":"Cor triatriatum dexter in two dogs","volume":"202","author":"Tobias","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tobias\n              AH\n            , ThomasWP, KittlesonMD. Cor triatriatum dexter in two dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc1993;202(2):285\u201390."},{"key":"bib11","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"67","article-title":"Kinking of the intrathoracic caudal vena cava in five dogs","volume":"26","author":"Cornelius","year":"1985","unstructured":"Cornelius\n              L\n            , MahaffeyM. Kinking of the intrathoracic caudal vena cava in five dogs. J Small Anim Pract1985;26:67\u201380."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib12","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"573","article-title":"Imaging diagnosis: azygos continuation of the caudal vena cava with and without portocaval shunting","volume":"49","author":"Fischetti","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fischetti\n              AJ\n            , KovakJ. Imaging diagnosis: azygos continuation of the caudal vena cava with and without portocaval shunting. Vet Radiol Ultrasound2008;49(6):573\u20136."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib13","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"203","article-title":"Congenital interruption of the portal vein and caudal vena cava in dogs: six case reports and a review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Hunt","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hunt\n              GB\n            , BellengerCR, BorgR. Congenital interruption of the portal vein and caudal vena cava in dogs: six case reports and a review of the literature. Vet Surg1998;27(3):203\u201315."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib14","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"439","article-title":"Primary fibroma in the right atrium of a dog","volume":"21","author":"Lombard","year":"1980","unstructured":"Lombard\n              CW\n            , GoldschmidtMH. Primary fibroma in the right atrium of a dog. J Small Anim Pract1980;21(8):439\u201348."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib15","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"880","article-title":"Congenital obstruction of the caudal vena cava in a dog","volume":"197","author":"Malik","year":"1990","unstructured":"Malik\n              R\n            , HuntGB, ChardRB. Congenital obstruction of the caudal vena cava in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc1990;197(7):880\u20132."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib16","series-title":"Diagn Imaging Clin Med","first-page":"343","article-title":"Peripheral veno-lymphatic communications","volume":"55","author":"Vas","year":"1986","unstructured":"Vas\n              WG\n            , SidharthanAS, SalimiZ. Peripheral veno-lymphatic communications. Diagn Imaging Clin Med1986;55(6):343\u20137."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib17","series-title":"J Surg Res","first-page":"317","article-title":"Aberrant veno-lymphatic communication noted in a dog","volume":"2","author":"Danese","year":"1962","unstructured":"Danese\n              C\n            , HowardJM, BowerR. Aberrant veno-lymphatic communication noted in a dog. J Surg Res1962;2(5):317\u20139."},{"key":"bib18","series-title":"Schalm\u2019s veterinary hematology","year":"2010","unstructured":"Weiss\n              DJ\n            , WardropKJ, eds. Schalm\u2019s veterinary hematology. 6th ed. Ames (IA): Wiley-Blackwell; 2010."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib19","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"55","article-title":"Hematologic changes associated with serum and hepatic iron alterations in dogs with congenital portosystemic vascular anomalies","volume":"8","author":"Meyer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Meyer\n              DJ\n            , HarveyJW. 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