{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T16:14:08Z","timestamp":1763741648839,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"\n This retrospective study describes toxicity associated with a protocol of lomustine (CCNU) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) in dogs with lymphoma. CCNU was administered\n per os<\/jats:italic>\n (PO) at a targeted dosage of 60 mg\/m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n body surface area on day 0, CTX was administered PO at a targeted dosage of 250 mg\/m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n divided over days 0 through 4, and all dogs received prophylactic antibiotics. Ninety treatments were given to the 57 dogs included in the study. Neutropenia was the principal toxic effect, and the overall frequency of grade 4 neutropenia after the first treatment of CCNU\/CTX was 30% (95% confidence interval, 19\u201343%). The mean body weight of dogs with grade 4 neutropenia (19.7 kg\u2009\u00b1\u200913.4 kg) was significantly less than the mean body weight of dogs that did not develop grade 4 neutropenia (31.7 kg\u2009\u00b1\u200912.4 kg;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.005). One dog (3%) developed hematologic changes suggestive of hepatotoxicity. No dogs had evidence of either renal toxicity or hemorrhagic cystitis. Adverse gastrointestinal effects were uncommon. On the basis of the findings reported herein, a dose of 60 mg\/m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n of CCNU combined with 250 mg\/m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n of CTX (divided over 5 days)\n q<\/jats:italic>\n 4 wk is tolerable in tumor-bearing dogs.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-6020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,22]],"date-time":"2014-03-22T01:21:38Z","timestamp":1395451298000},"page":"167-173","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Tolerability of Lomustine in Combination with Cyclophosphamide in Dogs with Lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Kenneth M.","family":"Rassnick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis B.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin K.","family":"Malone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea B.","family":"Flory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Kiselow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanne L.","family":"Intile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Cancer chemotherapy and biotherapy: principles and practice","first-page":"374","article-title":"Alkylating agents","author":"Tew","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tew\n KD\n , ColvinOM, ChabnerBA. Alkylating agents. In: ChabnerBA, LongoDL, eds. Cancer chemotherapy and biotherapy: principles and practice. 3rd ed. Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2001:374\u2013414."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib2","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"395","article-title":"Lomustine (CCNU) for the treatment of resistant lymphoma in dogs","volume":"13","author":"Moore","year":"1999","unstructured":"Moore\n AS\n , LondonCA, WoodCA. Lomustine (CCNU) for the treatment of resistant lymphoma in dogs. J Vet Intern Med1999;13(5):395\u20138."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib3","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"601","article-title":"Treatment of canine mast cell tumors with CCNU (lomustine)","volume":"13","author":"Rassnick","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rassnick\n KM\n , MooreAS, WilliamsLE. Treatment of canine mast cell tumors with CCNU (lomustine). 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Efficacy and toxicity of BOPP and LOPP chemotherapy for the treatment of relapsed canine lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol2006;4(1):21\u201332."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib16","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"209","article-title":"Evaluation of the University of Florida lomustine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone chemotherapy protocol for the treatment of relapsed lymphoma in dogs: 33 cases (2003\u20132009)","volume":"239","author":"Fahey","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fahey\n CE\n , MilnerRJ, BarabasK. Evaluation of the University of Florida lomustine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone chemotherapy protocol for the treatment of relapsed lymphoma in dogs: 33 cases (2003\u20132009). 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Evaluation of dexamethasone as a chemoprotectant for CCNU-induced bone marrow suppression in dogs. Vet Comp Oncol2009;7(1):69\u201377."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib21","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"1364","article-title":"Comparison of 3 protocols for treatment after induction of remission in dogs with lymphoma","volume":"21","author":"Rassnick","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rassnick\n KM\n , McEnteeMC, ErbHN. Comparison of 3 protocols for treatment after induction of remission in dogs with lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med2007;21(6):1364\u201373."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib22","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1866","article-title":"Lomustine and prednisone as a first-line treatment for dogs with multicentric lymphoma: 17 cases (2004\u20132005)","volume":"230","author":"Sauerbrey","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sauerbrey\n ML\n , MullinsMN, BanninkEO. Lomustine and prednisone as a first-line treatment for dogs with multicentric lymphoma: 17 cases (2004\u20132005). 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