{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:06:36Z","timestamp":1787497596770,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fragmentation of the medial coronoid process (FCP) is an uncommon cause of thoracic limb lameness in toy and small breed dogs. Arthroscopic findings and treatment remains poorly described. The objective of this study was to describe the arthroscopic findings and short-term outcome following arthroscopic treatment in toy and small breed dogs with FCP. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Arthroscopic findings were available from 13 elbows (12 dogs). Outcome data \u22654 wk postoperatively were available for nine elbows. Owner satisfaction scores were available for 10 elbows. Common preoperative findings included lameness, elbow pain, and imaging abnormalities consistent with FCP. Displaced FCP was the most common FCP lesion identified. Cartilage lesions at the medial coronoid process were identified in 92.3% of elbows (n = 12), with a median Outerbridge score of 4 (range 1\u20135). Concurrent cartilage lesions of the medial humeral condyle were identified in 76.9% of elbows (n = 10). Seven of nine elbows had full or acceptable function postoperatively. Median owner outcome satisfaction was 91% (range 10\u2013100). FCP should be considered a cause of thoracic limb lameness in toy and small breed dogs. Arthroscopy can be safely and effectively used to diagnose and treat FCP in these breeds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-6295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,3]],"date-time":"2016-06-03T15:15:59Z","timestamp":1464966959000},"page":"234-241","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Fragmentation of the Medial Coronoid Process in Toy and Small Breed Dogs: 13 Elbows (2000\u20132012)"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Eric C.","family":"Hans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"E. Hans's present affiliation is Department of Surgery, MedVet Medical and Cancer Center for Pets, Worthington, OH."},{"name":"From the Department of Veterinary Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (W.B.S., D.A.H., E.C.H.); Capital Area Veterinary Specialists, Austin, TX (D.A.H.); and Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists, Houston, TX (B.S.B.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Brian","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Veterinary Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (W.B.S., D.A.H., E.C.H.); Capital Area Veterinary Specialists, Austin, TX (D.A.H.); and Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists, Houston, TX (B.S.B.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian S.","family":"Beale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Veterinary Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (W.B.S., D.A.H., E.C.H.); Capital Area Veterinary Specialists, Austin, TX (D.A.H.); and Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists, Houston, TX (B.S.B.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Don A.","family":"Hulse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Veterinary Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (W.B.S., D.A.H., E.C.H.); Capital Area Veterinary Specialists, Austin, TX (D.A.H.); and Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists, Houston, TX (B.S.B.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b01","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"230","article-title":"Prevelance of fragmented medial coronoid process of the ulna in lame adult dogs","volume":"151","author":"Meyer-Lindberg \n              A,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Meyer-Lindberg \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Langhann \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Fehr \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          Prevelance of fragmented medial coronoid process of the ulna in lame adult dogs. Vet Rec2002;151:230\u20134."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b02","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"43","article-title":"Elbow lameness in dogs of six years and older: arthroscopic imaging findings of medial coronoid disease in 51 dogs","volume":"23","author":"Vermote \n              KAG,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vermote \n              KAG, \n            \n            \n              Bergenhuyzen \n              ALR, \n            \n            \n              Gielen \n              I, \n            \n            et al. \n          Elbow lameness in dogs of six years and older: arthroscopic imaging findings of medial coronoid disease in 51 dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2010;23:43\u201350."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b03","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"360","article-title":"Arthroscopic findings in 100 dogs with elbow lameness","volume":"140","author":"Van Ryssen \n              B,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Van Ryssen \n              B, \n            \n            \n              van Bree \n              H. \n            \n          \n          Arthroscopic findings in 100 dogs with elbow lameness. Vet Rec1997;140:360\u20132."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b04","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"213","article-title":"Radiographic and arthroscopic findings in the elbow joints of 263 dogs with medial coronoid disease","volume":"38","author":"Fitzpatrick \n              N,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Smith \n              TJ, \n            \n            \n              Evans \n              RB, \n            \n            et al. \n          Radiographic and arthroscopic findings in the elbow joints of 263 dogs with medial coronoid disease. Vet Surg2009;38:213\u201323"},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b05","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"501","article-title":"Histomorphometry of fragmented medial coronoid process in dogs: a comparison of affected and normal coronoid processes","volume":"35","author":"Danielson \n              KC,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Danielson \n              KC, \n            \n            \n              Fitzpatrick \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Muir \n              P, \n            \n            et al. \n          Histomorphometry of fragmented medial coronoid process in dogs: a comparison of affected and normal coronoid processes. Vet Surg2006;35:501\u20139."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b06","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"41","article-title":"Comparison of bone mineral density in medial coronoid process of dogs with and without medial coronoid process fragmentation","volume":"71","author":"Burton \n              NJ,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Burton \n              NJ, \n            \n            \n              Perry \n              MJ, \n            \n            \n              Fitzpatrick \n              N, \n            \n            et al. \n          Comparison of bone mineral density in medial coronoid process of dogs with and without medial coronoid process fragmentation. Am J Vet Res2010;71:41."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b07","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"361","article-title":"Fragmented coronoid process in the dog: is there a role for incongruency?","volume":"48","author":"Gemmill \n              TJ,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gemmill \n              TJ, \n            \n            \n              Clements \n              DN. \n            \n          \n          Fragmented coronoid process in the dog: is there a role for incongruency?\n          J Small Anim Pract\n          2007;48:361\u20138."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b08","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"173","article-title":"Relationship of the biceps-brachialis complex to the medial coronoid process of the canine ulna","volume":"23","author":"Hulse \n              D,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hulse \n              D, \n            \n            \n              Young \n              B, \n            \n            \n              Beale \n              B, \n            \n            et al. \n          Relationship of the biceps-brachialis complex to the medial coronoid process of the canine ulna. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2010;23:173\u20136."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b09","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"328","article-title":"Traumatic fragmented medial coronoid process in a Chihuahua","volume":"22","author":"Hadley \n              H,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hadley \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Wheeler \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Manley \n              P. \n            \n          \n          Traumatic fragmented medial coronoid process in a Chihuahua. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2009;22:328\u201331."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b10","series-title":"Vet J","first-page":"96","article-title":"A comparison of radiographic arthroscopic and histiologic measures of articular pathology in the canine elbow joint","volume":"186","author":"Goldhammer \n              MA,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Goldhammer \n              MA, \n            \n            \n              Smith \n              SH, \n            \n            \n              Fitzpatrick \n              N, \n            \n            et al. \n          A comparison of radiographic arthroscopic and histiologic measures of articular pathology in the canine elbow joint. Vet J2010;186:96\u2013103."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b11","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"209","article-title":"Arthroscopic documentation of elbow cartilage pathology in dogs with clinical lameness without changes on standard radiographic projections","volume":"38","author":"Punke \n              JP,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Punke \n              JP, \n            \n            \n              Hulse \n              DA, \n            \n            \n              Kerwin \n              SC, \n            \n            et al. \n          Arthroscopic documentation of elbow cartilage pathology in dogs with clinical lameness without changes on standard radiographic projections. Vet Surg2009;38:209\u201312."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b12","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"220","article-title":"Digital analysis of ulnar trochlear notch sclerosis in Labrador retrievers","volume":"48","author":"Burton \n              NJ,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Burton \n              NJ, \n            \n            \n              Comerford \n              EJ, \n            \n            \n              Bailey \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          Digital analysis of ulnar trochlear notch sclerosis in Labrador retrievers. J Small Anim Pract2007;48:220\u2013224."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b13","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"390","article-title":"Computed tomography versus arthrsoscopy for detection of canine elbow dysplasia lesions","volume":"37","author":"Moores \n              AP,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Moores \n              AP, \n            \n            \n              Benigni \n              L, \n            \n            \n              Lamb \n              CR. \n            \n          \n          Computed tomography versus arthrsoscopy for detection of canine elbow dysplasia lesions. Vet Surg2008;37:390\u20138."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b14","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"78","article-title":"Comparison of radiologic imaging techniques for diagnosis of fragmented medial coronoid process of the cubital joint in dogs","volume":"203","author":"Carpenter \n              LG,","year":"1993","unstructured":"Carpenter \n              LG, \n            \n            \n              Schwarz \n              PD, \n            \n            \n              Lowry \n              JE, \n            \n            et al. \n          Comparison of radiologic imaging techniques for diagnosis of fragmented medial coronoid process of the cubital joint in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc1993;203:78\u201383."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b15","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"1367","article-title":"Comparison of radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and surgical findings in dogs with elbow dysplasia","volume":"58","author":"Snaps \n              F,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Snaps \n              F, \n            \n            \n              Balligand \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Saunders \n              J, \n            \n            et al. \n          Comparison of radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and surgical findings in dogs with elbow dysplasia. Am J Vet Res1997;58:1367\u201370."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b16","series-title":"Vet J","first-page":"63","article-title":"Demonstration of the articular cartilage of the canine ulnar trochlear notch using high-field magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"177","author":"Probst \n              A,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Probst \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Modler \n              F, \n            \n            \n              K\u00fcnzel \n              W, \n            \n            et al. \n          Demonstration of the articular cartilage of the canine ulnar trochlear notch using high-field magnetic resonance imaging. Vet J2008;177:63\u201370."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b17","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"204","article-title":"Arthrotomy versus arthroscopy in the treatment of fragmented medial coronoid process of the ulna (FCP) in 421 dogs","volume":"16","author":"Meyer-Linderberg \n              A,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Meyer-Linderberg \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Langhann \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Fehr \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          Arthrotomy versus arthroscopy in the treatment of fragmented medial coronoid process of the ulna (FCP) in 421 dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2003;16:204\u201310."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b18","series-title":", eds","article-title":"Arthroscopically assisted surgery of the elbow joint","author":"Beale \n              BS.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Beale \n              BS. \n            \n          \n          Arthroscopically assisted surgery of the elbow joint. In: BealeBS, Hulse DA, Schulz KS, et al., eds. Small Animal Arthroscopy. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2003:51\u201379"},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b19","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"1634","article-title":"Assessing repeatability and validity of a visual analogue scale questionnaire for use in assessing pain and lameness in dogs","volume":"65","author":"Hudson \n              JT,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hudson \n              JT, \n            \n            \n              Slater \n              MR, \n            \n            \n              Taylor \n              L, \n            \n            et al. \n          Assessing repeatability and validity of a visual analogue scale questionnaire for use in assessing pain and lameness in dogs. Am J Vet Res2004;65:1634\u201343."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b20","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"233","article-title":"Subtotal coronoid ostectomy for treatment of medial coronoid disease in 263 dogs","volume":"38","author":"Fitzpatrick \n              N,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Smith \n              TJ, \n            \n            \n              Evans \n              RB, \n            \n            et al. \n          Subtotal coronoid ostectomy for treatment of medial coronoid disease in 263 dogs. Vet Surg2009;38:233\u201345."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b21","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"285","article-title":"Working algorithm for treatment decision making for developmental disease of the medial compartment of the elbow in dogs","volume":"38","author":"Fitzpatrick \n              N,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Yeadon \n              R. \n            \n          \n          Working algorithm for treatment decision making for developmental disease of the medial compartment of the elbow in dogs. Vet Surg2009;38:285\u2013300."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b22","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"905","article-title":"Proposed definitions and criteria for reporting time frame, outcome, and complications for clinical orthopedic studies in veterinary medicine","volume":"39","author":"Cook \n              JL,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cook \n              JL, \n            \n            \n              Evans \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Conzemius \n              MG, \n            \n            et al. \n          Proposed definitions and criteria for reporting time frame, outcome, and complications for clinical orthopedic studies in veterinary medicine. Vet Surg2010;39:905\u20138."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b23","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"60","article-title":"Arthroscopy of the elbow in dogs II. The cranial portals in the diagnosis and treatment of the lesions of the coronoid process","volume":"10","author":"Bardet \n              J.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bardet \n              J. \n            \n          \n          Arthroscopy of the elbow in dogs II. The cranial portals in the diagnosis and treatment of the lesions of the coronoid process. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol1997;10:60\u20136."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b24","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am","first-page":"161","article-title":"Diagnostic and surgical arthroscopy in osteochondrosis lesions","volume":"28","author":"van Bree \n              HJ,","year":"1998","unstructured":"van Bree \n              HJ, \n            \n            \n              Van Ryseen \n              B. \n            \n          \n          Diagnostic and surgical arthroscopy in osteochondrosis lesions. Vet Clin North Am1998;28:161\u201389."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b25","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"224","article-title":"Bilateral shoulder and elbow arthroscopy in dogs with forelimb lameness: diagnosis and treatment outcomes","volume":"38","author":"Cook \n              JL,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cook \n              JL, \n            \n            \n              Cook \n              CR. \n            \n          \n          Bilateral shoulder and elbow arthroscopy in dogs with forelimb lameness: diagnosis and treatment outcomes. Vet Surg2009:38:224\u201332."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b26","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"106","article-title":"Comparison of three methods for the management of fragmented medial coronoid process in the dog. A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Evans \n              RB,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Evans \n              RB, \n            \n            \n              Gordon-Evans \n              WJ, \n            \n            \n              Conzemius \n              MG. \n            \n          \n          Comparison of three methods for the management of fragmented medial coronoid process in the dog. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2008;21:106\u20139."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b27","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"972","article-title":"Conservative versus arthroscopic management for medial coronoid process disease in the dogs: a prospective gait evaluation","volume":"40","author":"Burton \n              NJ,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Burton \n              NJ, \n            \n            \n              Owen \n              MR, \n            \n            \n              Kirk \n              LS, \n            \n            et al. \n          Conservative versus arthroscopic management for medial coronoid process disease in the dogs: a prospective gait evaluation. Vet Surg2011;40:972\u201380."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b28","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"360","article-title":"LU Y, et al. Evaluation of agreement between numerical rating scales, visual analogue scales, and force plate gait analysis in dogs","volume":"36","author":"Quinn \n              MM,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Quinn \n              MM, \n            \n            \n              Keuler \n              NS, \n            \n          \n          LU Y, et al. Evaluation of agreement between numerical rating scales, visual analogue scales, and force plate gait analysis in dogs. Vet Surg2007;36:360\u20137."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b29","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"1171","article-title":"Comparison of temporospatial and kinetic variables in small and large dogs on a pressure-sensing walkway","volume":"72","author":"Kim \n              J,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Kazmierczak \n              KA, \n            \n            \n              Breuer \n              GJ. \n            \n          \n          Comparison of temporospatial and kinetic variables in small and large dogs on a pressure-sensing walkway. Am J Vet Res2011;72:1171\u20137."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b30","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"106","article-title":"Effect of dog breed and body conformation on vertical ground reaction forces, impulses, and stance times","volume":"24","author":"Voss \n              K,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Voss \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Wiestner \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Galeandro \n              L, \n            \n            et al. \n          Effect of dog breed and body conformation on vertical ground reaction forces, impulses, and stance times. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2011;24:106\u201312."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b01","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"230","article-title":"Prevelance of fragmented medial coronoid process of the ulna in lame adult dogs","volume":"151","author":"Meyer-Lindberg \n              A,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Meyer-Lindberg \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Langhann \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Fehr \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          Prevelance of fragmented medial coronoid process of the ulna in lame adult dogs. Vet Rec2002;151:230\u20134."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b02","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"43","article-title":"Elbow lameness in dogs of six years and older: arthroscopic imaging findings of medial coronoid disease in 51 dogs","volume":"23","author":"Vermote \n              KAG,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vermote \n              KAG, \n            \n            \n              Bergenhuyzen \n              ALR, \n            \n            \n              Gielen \n              I, \n            \n            et al. \n          Elbow lameness in dogs of six years and older: arthroscopic imaging findings of medial coronoid disease in 51 dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2010;23:43\u201350."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b03","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"360","article-title":"Arthroscopic findings in 100 dogs with elbow lameness","volume":"140","author":"Van Ryssen \n              B,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Van Ryssen \n              B, \n            \n            \n              van Bree \n              H. \n            \n          \n          Arthroscopic findings in 100 dogs with elbow lameness. Vet Rec1997;140:360\u20132."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b04","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"213","article-title":"Radiographic and arthroscopic findings in the elbow joints of 263 dogs with medial coronoid disease","volume":"38","author":"Fitzpatrick \n              N,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Smith \n              TJ, \n            \n            \n              Evans \n              RB, \n            \n            et al. \n          Radiographic and arthroscopic findings in the elbow joints of 263 dogs with medial coronoid disease. Vet Surg2009;38:213\u201323"},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b05","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"501","article-title":"Histomorphometry of fragmented medial coronoid process in dogs: a comparison of affected and normal coronoid processes","volume":"35","author":"Danielson \n              KC,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Danielson \n              KC, \n            \n            \n              Fitzpatrick \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Muir \n              P, \n            \n            et al. \n          Histomorphometry of fragmented medial coronoid process in dogs: a comparison of affected and normal coronoid processes. Vet Surg2006;35:501\u20139."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b06","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"41","article-title":"Comparison of bone mineral density in medial coronoid process of dogs with and without medial coronoid process fragmentation","volume":"71","author":"Burton \n              NJ,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Burton \n              NJ, \n            \n            \n              Perry \n              MJ, \n            \n            \n              Fitzpatrick \n              N, \n            \n            et al. \n          Comparison of bone mineral density in medial coronoid process of dogs with and without medial coronoid process fragmentation. Am J Vet Res2010;71:41."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b07","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"361","article-title":"Fragmented coronoid process in the dog: is there a role for incongruency?","volume":"48","author":"Gemmill \n              TJ,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gemmill \n              TJ, \n            \n            \n              Clements \n              DN. \n            \n          \n          Fragmented coronoid process in the dog: is there a role for incongruency?\n          J Small Anim Pract\n          2007;48:361\u20138."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b08","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"173","article-title":"Relationship of the biceps-brachialis complex to the medial coronoid process of the canine ulna","volume":"23","author":"Hulse \n              D,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hulse \n              D, \n            \n            \n              Young \n              B, \n            \n            \n              Beale \n              B, \n            \n            et al. \n          Relationship of the biceps-brachialis complex to the medial coronoid process of the canine ulna. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2010;23:173\u20136."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b09","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"328","article-title":"Traumatic fragmented medial coronoid process in a Chihuahua","volume":"22","author":"Hadley \n              H,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hadley \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Wheeler \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Manley \n              P. \n            \n          \n          Traumatic fragmented medial coronoid process in a Chihuahua. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2009;22:328\u201331."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b10","series-title":"Vet J","first-page":"96","article-title":"A comparison of radiographic arthroscopic and histiologic measures of articular pathology in the canine elbow joint","volume":"186","author":"Goldhammer \n              MA,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Goldhammer \n              MA, \n            \n            \n              Smith \n              SH, \n            \n            \n              Fitzpatrick \n              N, \n            \n            et al. \n          A comparison of radiographic arthroscopic and histiologic measures of articular pathology in the canine elbow joint. Vet J2010;186:96\u2013103."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b11","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"209","article-title":"Arthroscopic documentation of elbow cartilage pathology in dogs with clinical lameness without changes on standard radiographic projections","volume":"38","author":"Punke \n              JP,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Punke \n              JP, \n            \n            \n              Hulse \n              DA, \n            \n            \n              Kerwin \n              SC, \n            \n            et al. \n          Arthroscopic documentation of elbow cartilage pathology in dogs with clinical lameness without changes on standard radiographic projections. Vet Surg2009;38:209\u201312."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b12","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"220","article-title":"Digital analysis of ulnar trochlear notch sclerosis in Labrador retrievers","volume":"48","author":"Burton \n              NJ,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Burton \n              NJ, \n            \n            \n              Comerford \n              EJ, \n            \n            \n              Bailey \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          Digital analysis of ulnar trochlear notch sclerosis in Labrador retrievers. J Small Anim Pract2007;48:220\u2013224."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b13","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"390","article-title":"Computed tomography versus arthrsoscopy for detection of canine elbow dysplasia lesions","volume":"37","author":"Moores \n              AP,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Moores \n              AP, \n            \n            \n              Benigni \n              L, \n            \n            \n              Lamb \n              CR. \n            \n          \n          Computed tomography versus arthrsoscopy for detection of canine elbow dysplasia lesions. Vet Surg2008;37:390\u20138."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b14","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"78","article-title":"Comparison of radiologic imaging techniques for diagnosis of fragmented medial coronoid process of the cubital joint in dogs","volume":"203","author":"Carpenter \n              LG,","year":"1993","unstructured":"Carpenter \n              LG, \n            \n            \n              Schwarz \n              PD, \n            \n            \n              Lowry \n              JE, \n            \n            et al. \n          Comparison of radiologic imaging techniques for diagnosis of fragmented medial coronoid process of the cubital joint in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc1993;203:78\u201383."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b15","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"1367","article-title":"Comparison of radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and surgical findings in dogs with elbow dysplasia","volume":"58","author":"Snaps \n              F,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Snaps \n              F, \n            \n            \n              Balligand \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Saunders \n              J, \n            \n            et al. \n          Comparison of radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and surgical findings in dogs with elbow dysplasia. Am J Vet Res1997;58:1367\u201370."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b16","series-title":"Vet J","first-page":"63","article-title":"Demonstration of the articular cartilage of the canine ulnar trochlear notch using high-field magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"177","author":"Probst \n              A,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Probst \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Modler \n              F, \n            \n            \n              K\u00fcnzel \n              W, \n            \n            et al. \n          Demonstration of the articular cartilage of the canine ulnar trochlear notch using high-field magnetic resonance imaging. Vet J2008;177:63\u201370."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b17","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"204","article-title":"Arthrotomy versus arthroscopy in the treatment of fragmented medial coronoid process of the ulna (FCP) in 421 dogs","volume":"16","author":"Meyer-Linderberg \n              A,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Meyer-Linderberg \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Langhann \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Fehr \n              M, \n            \n            et al. \n          Arthrotomy versus arthroscopy in the treatment of fragmented medial coronoid process of the ulna (FCP) in 421 dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2003;16:204\u201310."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b18","series-title":", eds","article-title":"Arthroscopically assisted surgery of the elbow joint","author":"Beale \n              BS.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Beale \n              BS. \n            \n          \n          Arthroscopically assisted surgery of the elbow joint. In: BealeBS, Hulse DA, Schulz KS, et al., eds. Small Animal Arthroscopy. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2003:51\u201379"},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b19","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"1634","article-title":"Assessing repeatability and validity of a visual analogue scale questionnaire for use in assessing pain and lameness in dogs","volume":"65","author":"Hudson \n              JT,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hudson \n              JT, \n            \n            \n              Slater \n              MR, \n            \n            \n              Taylor \n              L, \n            \n            et al. \n          Assessing repeatability and validity of a visual analogue scale questionnaire for use in assessing pain and lameness in dogs. Am J Vet Res2004;65:1634\u201343."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b20","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"233","article-title":"Subtotal coronoid ostectomy for treatment of medial coronoid disease in 263 dogs","volume":"38","author":"Fitzpatrick \n              N,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Smith \n              TJ, \n            \n            \n              Evans \n              RB, \n            \n            et al. \n          Subtotal coronoid ostectomy for treatment of medial coronoid disease in 263 dogs. Vet Surg2009;38:233\u201345."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b21","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"285","article-title":"Working algorithm for treatment decision making for developmental disease of the medial compartment of the elbow in dogs","volume":"38","author":"Fitzpatrick \n              N,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Yeadon \n              R. \n            \n          \n          Working algorithm for treatment decision making for developmental disease of the medial compartment of the elbow in dogs. Vet Surg2009;38:285\u2013300."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b22","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"905","article-title":"Proposed definitions and criteria for reporting time frame, outcome, and complications for clinical orthopedic studies in veterinary medicine","volume":"39","author":"Cook \n              JL,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cook \n              JL, \n            \n            \n              Evans \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Conzemius \n              MG, \n            \n            et al. \n          Proposed definitions and criteria for reporting time frame, outcome, and complications for clinical orthopedic studies in veterinary medicine. Vet Surg2010;39:905\u20138."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b23","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"60","article-title":"Arthroscopy of the elbow in dogs II. The cranial portals in the diagnosis and treatment of the lesions of the coronoid process","volume":"10","author":"Bardet \n              J.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bardet \n              J. \n            \n          \n          Arthroscopy of the elbow in dogs II. The cranial portals in the diagnosis and treatment of the lesions of the coronoid process. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol1997;10:60\u20136."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b24","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am","first-page":"161","article-title":"Diagnostic and surgical arthroscopy in osteochondrosis lesions","volume":"28","author":"van Bree \n              HJ,","year":"1998","unstructured":"van Bree \n              HJ, \n            \n            \n              Van Ryseen \n              B. \n            \n          \n          Diagnostic and surgical arthroscopy in osteochondrosis lesions. Vet Clin North Am1998;28:161\u201389."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b25","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"224","article-title":"Bilateral shoulder and elbow arthroscopy in dogs with forelimb lameness: diagnosis and treatment outcomes","volume":"38","author":"Cook \n              JL,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cook \n              JL, \n            \n            \n              Cook \n              CR. \n            \n          \n          Bilateral shoulder and elbow arthroscopy in dogs with forelimb lameness: diagnosis and treatment outcomes. Vet Surg2009:38:224\u201332."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b26","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"106","article-title":"Comparison of three methods for the management of fragmented medial coronoid process in the dog. A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Evans \n              RB,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Evans \n              RB, \n            \n            \n              Gordon-Evans \n              WJ, \n            \n            \n              Conzemius \n              MG. \n            \n          \n          Comparison of three methods for the management of fragmented medial coronoid process in the dog. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2008;21:106\u20139."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b27","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"972","article-title":"Conservative versus arthroscopic management for medial coronoid process disease in the dogs: a prospective gait evaluation","volume":"40","author":"Burton \n              NJ,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Burton \n              NJ, \n            \n            \n              Owen \n              MR, \n            \n            \n              Kirk \n              LS, \n            \n            et al. \n          Conservative versus arthroscopic management for medial coronoid process disease in the dogs: a prospective gait evaluation. Vet Surg2011;40:972\u201380."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b28","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"360","article-title":"LU Y, et al. Evaluation of agreement between numerical rating scales, visual analogue scales, and force plate gait analysis in dogs","volume":"36","author":"Quinn \n              MM,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Quinn \n              MM, \n            \n            \n              Keuler \n              NS, \n            \n          \n          LU Y, et al. Evaluation of agreement between numerical rating scales, visual analogue scales, and force plate gait analysis in dogs. Vet Surg2007;36:360\u20137."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b29","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"1171","article-title":"Comparison of temporospatial and kinetic variables in small and large dogs on a pressure-sensing walkway","volume":"72","author":"Kim \n              J,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Kazmierczak \n              KA, \n            \n            \n              Breuer \n              GJ. \n            \n          \n          Comparison of temporospatial and kinetic variables in small and large dogs on a pressure-sensing walkway. Am J Vet Res2011;72:1171\u20137."},{"key":"i1547-3317-52-4-234-b30","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"106","article-title":"Effect of dog breed and body conformation on vertical ground reaction forces, impulses, and stance times","volume":"24","author":"Voss \n              K,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Voss \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Wiestner \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Galeandro \n              L, \n            \n            et al. \n          Effect of dog breed and body conformation on vertical ground reaction forces, impulses, and stance times. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2011;24:106\u201312."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/aaha\/52\/4\/article-p234.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jaaha\/article-pdf\/52\/4\/234\/1589561\/jaaha-ms-6295.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/aaha\/52\/4\/article-p234.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/aaha\/52\/4\/article-p234.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:31:12Z","timestamp":1772325072000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/aaha\/52\/4\/article-p234.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5326\/jaaha-ms-6295","relation":{},"ISSN":["1547-3317","0587-2871"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1547-3317","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0587-2871","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}