{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T22:29:41Z","timestamp":1779920981562,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Septic peritonitis is a relatively common condition in the veterinary intensive care unit, with a classically high mortality rate. Early enteral nutrition (EEN) in critically ill humans can lead to improved outcome. This study was performed to determine the safety of early postoperative feeding in canine septic peritonitis. In this retrospective case series, 56 dogs were identified. Sixteen dogs received EEN, defined as nutrition within 24 hr of surgery; 27 received late enteral nutrition (LEN) defined as nutrition more than 24 hours following surgery; and 13 dogs had no enteral nutrition in hospital (NEN). Signalment, physical examination findings, and occurrence of pre-admission vomiting, regurgitation, and length of anorexia were the same amongst all groups. There was no significant difference in the number of gastrointestinal complications postoperatively between the EEN, LEN, and NEN groups or in the occurrence of vomiting\/regurgitation postoperatively compared to preoperatively. There was no difference in the length of hospitalization between any group, although fewer dogs in the NEN group survived compared to the EEN\/LEN combined group (46% [6\/13] versus 81% [37\/40]). This study indicates it is safe to initiate EEN without additional risk of gastrointestinal complications. Prospective studies are needed to evaluate the potential benefits of EEN in dogs with septic peritonitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-6513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,10]],"date-time":"2017-03-10T17:00:33Z","timestamp":1489165233000},"page":"90-95","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Evaluation of the Safety of Early Compared to Late Enteral Nutrition in Canine Septic Peritonitis"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Jamie Elizabeth","family":"Hoffberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From MedVet Medical & Cancer Centers for Pets, Chicago, Illinois (J.E.H.); and Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan (A.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Koenigshof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From MedVet Medical & Cancer Centers for Pets, Chicago, Illinois (J.E.H.); and Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan (A.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b01","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care","first-page":"391","article-title":"CM O, FS S. 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J Am Vet Med Assoc2003;223(1):73\u201377."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b03","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"486","article-title":"Identification of risk factors for septic peritonitis and failure to survive following gastrointestinal surgery in dogs","volume":"238","author":"Grimes \n              JA,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Grimes \n              JA, \n            \n            \n              Schmiedt \n              CW, \n            \n            \n              Cornell \n              KK, \n            \n            et al. \n          Identification of risk factors for septic peritonitis and failure to survive following gastrointestinal surgery in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc2011;238(4):486\u2013494."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b04","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"906","article-title":"Primary bacterial peritonitis in dogs and cats: 24 cases (1990-2006)","volume":"234","author":"Culp \n              WT,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Culp \n              WT, \n            \n            \n              Zeldis \n              TE, \n            \n            \n              Reese \n              MS, \n            \n            et al. \n          Primary bacterial peritonitis in dogs and cats: 24 cases (1990-2006). J Am Vet Med Assoc2009;234(7):906\u2013913."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b05","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"843","article-title":"Closed suction drainage for treatment of septic peritonitis of confirmed gastrointestinal origin in 20 dogs","volume":"43","author":"Adams \n              RJ,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Adams \n              RJ, \n            \n            \n              Doyle \n              RS, \n            \n            \n              Bray \n              JP, \n            \n            et al. \n          Closed suction drainage for treatment of septic peritonitis of confirmed gastrointestinal origin in 20 dogs. Vet Surg2014;43(7):843\u2013851."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b06","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care","first-page":"388","article-title":"Plasma lactate concentrations in septic peritonitis: A retrospective study of 83 dogs (2007-2012)","volume":"25","author":"Cortellini \n              S,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cortellini \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Seth \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Kellett-Gregory \n              LM. \n            \n          \n          Plasma lactate concentrations in septic peritonitis: A retrospective study of 83 dogs (2007-2012). J Vet Emerg Crit Care2014;25(3):388\u2013395."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b07","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care","first-page":"453","article-title":"Early nutritional support is associated with decreased length of hospitalization in dogs with septic peritonitis: A retrospective study of 45 cases (2000-2009)","volume":"22","author":"Liu \n              DT,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Liu \n              DT, \n            \n            \n              Brown \n              DC, \n            \n            \n              Silverstein \n              DC. \n            \n          \n          Early nutritional support is associated with decreased length of hospitalization in dogs with septic peritonitis: A retrospective study of 45 cases (2000-2009). J Vet Emerg Crit Care2012;22(4):453\u2013459."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b08","series-title":"Crit Care Med","first-page":"2264","article-title":"Early enteral nutrition in acutely ill patients: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Marik \n              PE,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Marik \n              PE, \n            \n            \n              Zaloga \n              GP. \n            \n          \n          Early enteral nutrition in acutely ill patients: a systematic review. Crit Care Med2001;29(12):2264\u20132270."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b09","series-title":"Injury","first-page":"50","article-title":"Early enteral nutrition reduces mortality in trauma patients requiring intensive care: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"42","author":"Doig \n              GS,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Doig \n              GS, \n            \n            \n              Heighes \n              PT, \n            \n            \n              Simpson \n              F, \n            \n            et al. \n          Early enteral nutrition reduces mortality in trauma patients requiring intensive care: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Injury2011;42(1):50\u201356."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b10","series-title":"Intensive Care Med","first-page":"2018","article-title":"Early enteral nutrition, provided within 24 h of injury or intensive care unit admission, significantly reduces mortality in critically ill patients: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"35","author":"Doig \n              GS,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Doig \n              GS, \n            \n            \n              Heighes \n              PT, \n            \n            \n              Simpson \n              F, \n            \n            et al. \n          Early enteral nutrition, provided within 24 h of injury or intensive care unit admission, significantly reduces mortality in critically ill patients: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Intensive Care Med2009;35(12):2018\u20132027."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b11","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"791","article-title":"Effect of early enteral nutrition on intestinal permeability, intestinal protein loss, and outcome in dogs with severe parvoviral enteritis","volume":"17","author":"Mohr \n              AJ,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mohr \n              AJ, \n            \n            \n              Leisewitz \n              AL, \n            \n            \n              Jacobson \n              LS, \n            \n            et al. \n          Effect of early enteral nutrition on intestinal permeability, intestinal protein loss, and outcome in dogs with severe parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Intern Med2003;17(6):791\u2013798."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b12","series-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr","first-page":"277","article-title":"Guidelines for the Provision and Assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the Adult Critically Ill Patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.)","volume":"33","author":"McClave \n              SA,","year":"2009","unstructured":"McClave \n              SA, \n            \n            \n              Martindale \n              RG, \n            \n            \n              Vanek \n              VW, \n            \n            et al. \n          Guidelines for the Provision and Assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the Adult Critically Ill Patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.). JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr2009;33(3):277\u2013316."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b13","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"419","article-title":"A pilot study to assess tolerability of early enteral nutrition via esophagostomy tube feeding in dogs with severe acute pancreatitis","volume":"25","author":"Mansfield \n              CS,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mansfield \n              CS, \n            \n            \n              James \n              FE, \n            \n            \n              Steiner \n              JM, \n            \n            et al. \n          A pilot study to assess tolerability of early enteral nutrition via esophagostomy tube feeding in dogs with severe acute pancreatitis. J Vet Intern Med2011;25(3):419\u2013425."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b14","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"506","article-title":"Early versus late parenteral nutrition in critically ill adults","volume":"365","author":"Casaer \n              MP,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Casaer \n              MP, \n            \n            \n              Mesotten \n              D, \n            \n            \n              Hermans \n              G, \n            \n            et al. \n          Early versus late parenteral nutrition in critically ill adults. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(6):506\u2013517."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b15","series-title":"J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med","first-page":"371","article-title":"Early enteral nutrition in young dogs suffering from haemorrhagic gastroenteritis","volume":"52","author":"Will \n              K,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Will \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Nolte \n              I, \n            \n            \n              Zentek \n              J. \n            \n          \n          Early enteral nutrition in young dogs suffering from haemorrhagic gastroenteritis. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med2005;52(7):371\u2013376."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b16","series-title":"Nutr Clin Pract","first-page":"305","article-title":"The physiologic response and associated clinical benefits from provision of early enteral nutrition","volume":"24","author":"McClave \n              SA,","year":"2009","unstructured":"McClave \n              SA, \n            \n            \n              Heyland \n              DK. \n            \n          \n          The physiologic response and associated clinical benefits from provision of early enteral nutrition. Nutr Clin Pract2009;24(3):305\u2013315."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b17","series-title":"Clin Nutr","first-page":"224","article-title":"ESPEN Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Surgery including organ transplantation","volume":"25","author":"Weimann \n              A,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Weimann \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Braga \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Harsanyi \n              L, \n            \n            et al. \n          ESPEN Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Surgery including organ transplantation. Clin Nutr2006;25(2):224\u2013244."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b18","series-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr","first-page":"215","article-title":"Maintenance of gastrointestinal function after bowel surgery and immediate enteral full nutrition. II. Clinical experience, with objective demonstration of intestinal absorption and motility","volume":"5","author":"Moss \n              G.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Moss \n              G. \n            \n          \n          Maintenance of gastrointestinal function after bowel surgery and immediate enteral full nutrition. II. Clinical experience, with objective demonstration of intestinal absorption and motility. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr1981;5(3):215\u2013220."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b19","series-title":"Clin Nutr","first-page":"560","article-title":"Prospective multicentre randomised controlled trial of early enteral nutrition for patients undergoing major upper gastrointestinal surgical resection","volume":"30","author":"Barlow \n              R,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barlow \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Price \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Reid \n              TD, \n            \n            et al. \n          Prospective multicentre randomised controlled trial of early enteral nutrition for patients undergoing major upper gastrointestinal surgical resection. Clin Nutr2011;30(5):560\u2013566."},{"issue":"7316","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b20","series-title":"BMJ","first-page":"773","article-title":"Early enteral feeding versus \u201cnil by mouth\u201d after gastrointestinal surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials","volume":"323","author":"Lewis \n              SJ,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lewis \n              SJ, \n            \n            \n              Egger \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Sylvester \n              PA, \n            \n            et al. \n          Early enteral feeding versus \u201cnil by mouth\u201d after gastrointestinal surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials. BMJ2001;323(7316):773\u2013736."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b21","series-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr","first-page":"473","article-title":"Early versus traditional postoperative feeding in patients undergoing resectional gastrointestinal surgery: a meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Osland \n              E,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Osland \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Yunus \n              RM, \n            \n            \n              Khan \n              S, \n            \n            et al. \n          Early versus traditional postoperative feeding in patients undergoing resectional gastrointestinal surgery: a meta-analysis. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr2011;35(4):473\u2013487."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b22","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care","first-page":"232","article-title":"Continuous versus intermittent delivery of nutrition via nasoenteric feeding tubes in hospitalized canine and feline patients: 91 patients (2002-2007)","volume":"20","author":"Campbell \n              JA,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Campbell \n              JA, \n            \n            \n              Jutkowitz \n              LA, \n            \n            \n              Santoro \n              KA, \n            \n            et al. \n          Continuous versus intermittent delivery of nutrition via nasoenteric feeding tubes in hospitalized canine and feline patients: 91 patients (2002-2007). J Vet Emerg Crit Care2010;20(2):232\u2013236."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b23","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"520","article-title":"Intermittent and continuous enteral nutrition in critically ill dogs: a prospective randomized trial","volume":"24","author":"Holahan \n              M,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Holahan \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Abood \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Hauptman \n              J, \n            \n            et al. \n          Intermittent and continuous enteral nutrition in critically ill dogs: a prospective randomized trial. J Vet Intern Med2010;24(3):520\u2013526."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b24","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care","first-page":"224","article-title":"Effects of nutritional support on hospital outcome in dogs and cats","volume":"20","author":"Brunetto \n              MA,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brunetto \n              MA, \n            \n            \n              Gomes \n              MO, \n            \n            \n              Andre \n              MR, \n            \n            et al. \n          Effects of nutritional support on hospital outcome in dogs and cats. J Vet Emerg Crit Care2010;20(2):224\u2013231."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b25","series-title":"Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int","first-page":"150","article-title":"Early intrajejunal nutrition: bacterial translocation and gut barrier function of severe acute pancreatitis in dogs","volume":"1","author":"Qin \n              HL,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Qin \n              HL, \n            \n            \n              Su \n              ZD, \n            \n            \n              Gao \n              Q, \n            \n            et al. \n          Early intrajejunal nutrition: bacterial translocation and gut barrier function of severe acute pancreatitis in dogs. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int2002;1(1):150\u2013154."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b26","series-title":"Crit Care Med","first-page":"796","article-title":"Multicenter, prospective, randomized, single-blind study comparing the efficacy and gastrointestinal complications of early jejunal feeding with early gastric feeding in critically ill patients","volume":"30","author":"Montejo \n              JC,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Montejo \n              JC, \n            \n            \n              Grau \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Acosta \n              J, \n            \n            et al. \n          Multicenter, prospective, randomized, single-blind study comparing the efficacy and gastrointestinal complications of early jejunal feeding with early gastric feeding in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med2002;30(4):796\u2013800."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b27","series-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr","first-page":"546","article-title":"Complications occurring during enteral nutrition support: a prospective study","volume":"7","author":"Cataldi-Betcher \n              EL,","year":"1983","unstructured":"Cataldi-Betcher \n              EL, \n            \n            \n              Seltzer \n              MH, \n            \n            \n              Slocum \n              BA, \n            \n            et al. \n          Complications occurring during enteral nutrition support: a prospective study. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr1983;7(6):546\u2013552."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1547-3317-53-2-90-b28","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"1034","article-title":"The acute patient physiologic and laboratory evaluation (APPLE) score: a severity of illness stratification system for hospitalized dogs","volume":"24","author":"Hayes \n              G,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hayes \n              G, \n            \n            \n              Mathews \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Doig \n              G, \n            \n            et al. \n          The acute patient physiologic and laboratory evaluation (APPLE) score: a severity of illness stratification system for hospitalized dogs. J Vet Intern Med2010;24(5):1034\u20131047."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/aaha\/53\/2\/article-p90.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jaaha\/article-pdf\/53\/2\/90\/1589611\/jaaha-ms-6513.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/aaha\/53\/2\/article-p90.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/aaha\/53\/2\/article-p90.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T16:01:48Z","timestamp":1763740908000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/aaha\/53\/2\/article-p90.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5326\/jaaha-ms-6513","relation":{},"ISSN":["0587-2871","1547-3317"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0587-2871","type":"print"},{"value":"1547-3317","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}