{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T01:03:37Z","timestamp":1772327017778,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An acetabular physeal fracture in a 13 wk old dog was treated with open fixation using Kirschner wire cross pins and a four-pin Type 1A external fixator, resulting in successful healing of the fracture. Three years following the surgery, marked osteoarthrosis of the affected hip was noted, although clinical function of the hip was good. The authors suggest this fixation method be considered a viable option for fixation of acetabular physeal fractures in dogs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-6827","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T10:55:20Z","timestamp":1538391320000},"page":"e546-05","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Physeal Acetabular Fracture in a Dog Treated with External Fixation"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Taylor C.","family":"Graville","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Gambino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason A.","family":"Syrcle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"bib1","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"223","article-title":"Results of screw\/wire\/polymethylmethacrylate composite fixation for acetabular fracture repair in 14 dogs","volume":"26","author":"Lewis\n              DD","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lewis\n              DD\n            , StubbsWP, NeuwirthL, et al. Results of screw\/wire\/polymethylmethacrylate composite fixation for acetabular fracture repair in 14 dogs. Vet Surg1997;26(3):223\u201334."},{"key":"bib2","series-title":"Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal Expert Consult","first-page":"938","article-title":"Fractures of the pelvis","author":"Moens\n              NMM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moens\n              NMM\n            , DeCampCE. Fractures of the pelvis. In: JohnstonSA, TobiasKM, eds. Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal Expert Consult. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2018:938\u201355."},{"key":"bib3","series-title":"Brinker, Piermattei and Flo\u2019s Handbook of Small Animal Orthopaedics and Fracture Repair","first-page":"437","article-title":"Fractures of the pelvis","author":"DeCamp\n              CE","year":"2016","unstructured":"DeCamp\n              CE\n            , JohnstonSA, DeJardinLM, et al. Fractures of the pelvis. In: Brinker, Piermattei and Flo\u2019s Handbook of Small Animal Orthopaedics and Fracture Repair. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2016:437\u201367."},{"key":"bib4","series-title":"AO Principles of Fracture Management in the Dog and Cat","first-page":"178","article-title":"Fractures of the acetabulum","author":"Matis\n              U","year":"2005","unstructured":"Matis\n              U\n            \n          . Fractures of the acetabulum. In: JohnsonAL, HoultonJEF, VanniniR, eds. AO Principles of Fracture Management in the Dog and Cat. 1st ed. Davos (Switzerland): AO Publishing; 2005:178\u201391."},{"key":"bib5","series-title":"Piermattei\u2019s Atlas of Surgical Approaches to the Bones and Joints of the Dog and Cat","first-page":"322","article-title":"The pelvis and hip joint","author":"Johnson\n              KA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Johnson\n              KA\n            \n          . The pelvis and hip joint. In: Piermattei\u2019s Atlas of Surgical Approaches to the Bones and Joints of the Dog and Cat. 5th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2013:322\u201350."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib6","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg","first-page":"177","article-title":"Tension band stabilisation of acetabular physeal fractures in four kittens","volume":"9","author":"Langley-Hobbs\n              SJ","year":"2007","unstructured":"Langley-Hobbs\n              SJ\n            , SissenerTR, ShalesCJ. Tension band stabilisation of acetabular physeal fractures in four kittens. J Feline Med Surg2007;9(3):177\u201387."},{"key":"bib7","article-title":"External skeletal fixation of pelvic fractures in dogs and cats: principles of application and outcome in 159 cases. In: Proceedings from the 34th Annual Conference Veterinary Orthopedic Society; March 4\u201310, 2007","author":"Fitzpatrick\n              N","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick\n              N\n            , PerryK, O\u2019RiordanJ. External skeletal fixation of pelvic fractures in dogs and cats: principles of application and outcome in 159 cases. In: Proceedings from the 34th Annual Conference Veterinary Orthopedic Society; March 4\u201310, 2007; Sun Valley, ID; 66."},{"key":"bib8","article-title":"External skeletal fixation for the treatment of acetabular fractures in 35 cats. In: Proceedings from the 21st Annual European College of Veterinary Surgeons Scientific Meeting; July 5\u20137, 2012","author":"Fitzpatrick\n              N","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick\n              N\n            , HamiltonM. External skeletal fixation for the treatment of acetabular fractures in 35 cats. In: Proceedings from the 21st Annual European College of Veterinary Surgeons Scientific Meeting; July 5\u20137, 2012; Barcelona, Spain; 236."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib9","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"349","article-title":"A biomechanical comparison of external skeletal fixation and plating for the stabilization of ilial osteotomies in dogs","volume":"21","author":"Fitzpatrick\n              N","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick\n              N\n            , LewisD, CrossA. A biomechanical comparison of external skeletal fixation and plating for the stabilization of ilial osteotomies in dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2008;21(4):349\u201357."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1458","article-title":"Onset of epiphyseal mineralization and growth plate closure in radiographically normal and dysplastic Labrador retrievers","volume":"210","author":"Todhunter\n              RJ","year":"1997","unstructured":"Todhunter\n              RJ\n            , ZachosTA, GilbertRO, et al. Onset of epiphyseal mineralization and growth plate closure in radiographically normal and dysplastic Labrador retrievers. J Am Vet Med Assoc1997;210(10):1458\u201362."},{"issue":"20","key":"bib11","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"466","article-title":"Castration and physeal closure in the cat","volume":"131","author":"Houlton\n              JE","year":"1992","unstructured":"Houlton\n              JE\n            , McGlennonNJ. Castration and physeal closure in the cat. Vet Rec1992;131(20):466\u20137."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib12","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"24","article-title":"Growth and development of the normal canine pelvis, hip joints and femurs from birth to maturity: a radiographic study","volume":"14","author":"Riser\n              WH","year":"1973","unstructured":"Riser\n              WH\n            \n          . Growth and development of the normal canine pelvis, hip joints and femurs from birth to maturity: a radiographic study. Vet Radiol Ultrasound1973;14(2):24\u201334."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib13","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"185","article-title":"Developing coxal joint of the dog: gross morphometric and pathologic observations","volume":"43","author":"Shively\n              MJ","year":"1982","unstructured":"Shively\n              MJ\n            , Van SickleDC. Developing coxal joint of the dog: gross morphometric and pathologic observations. Am J Vet Res1982;43(2):185\u201394."},{"key":"bib14","series-title":"Compend Contin Educ Vet","first-page":"189","article-title":"Management of acetabular fractures: long term evaluation","volume":"3","author":"Hulse\n              DA","year":"1980","unstructured":"Hulse\n              DA\n            , RootCR. Management of acetabular fractures: long term evaluation. Compend Contin Educ Vet1980;3:189\u201397."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib15","series-title":"Compend Contin Educ Vet","first-page":"E1","article-title":"The epiphyseal plate: physiology, anatomy, and trauma","volume":"31","author":"von Pfeil\n              DJF","year":"2009","unstructured":"von Pfeil\n              DJF\n            , DeCampCE. The epiphyseal plate: physiology, anatomy, and trauma. Compend Contin Educ Vet2009;31(8):E1\u2013E12."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib1","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"223","article-title":"Results of screw\/wire\/polymethylmethacrylate composite fixation for acetabular fracture repair in 14 dogs","volume":"26","author":"Lewis\n              DD","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lewis\n              DD\n            , StubbsWP, NeuwirthL, et al. Results of screw\/wire\/polymethylmethacrylate composite fixation for acetabular fracture repair in 14 dogs. Vet Surg1997;26(3):223\u201334."},{"key":"bib2","series-title":"Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal Expert Consult","first-page":"938","article-title":"Fractures of the pelvis","author":"Moens\n              NMM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moens\n              NMM\n            , DeCampCE. Fractures of the pelvis. In: JohnstonSA, TobiasKM, eds. Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal Expert Consult. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2018:938\u201355."},{"key":"bib3","series-title":"Brinker, Piermattei and Flo\u2019s Handbook of Small Animal Orthopaedics and Fracture Repair","first-page":"437","article-title":"Fractures of the pelvis","author":"DeCamp\n              CE","year":"2016","unstructured":"DeCamp\n              CE\n            , JohnstonSA, DeJardinLM, et al. Fractures of the pelvis. In: Brinker, Piermattei and Flo\u2019s Handbook of Small Animal Orthopaedics and Fracture Repair. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2016:437\u201367."},{"key":"bib4","series-title":"AO Principles of Fracture Management in the Dog and Cat","first-page":"178","article-title":"Fractures of the acetabulum","author":"Matis\n              U","year":"2005","unstructured":"Matis\n              U\n            \n          . Fractures of the acetabulum. In: JohnsonAL, HoultonJEF, VanniniR, eds. AO Principles of Fracture Management in the Dog and Cat. 1st ed. Davos (Switzerland): AO Publishing; 2005:178\u201391."},{"key":"bib5","series-title":"Piermattei\u2019s Atlas of Surgical Approaches to the Bones and Joints of the Dog and Cat","first-page":"322","article-title":"The pelvis and hip joint","author":"Johnson\n              KA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Johnson\n              KA\n            \n          . The pelvis and hip joint. In: Piermattei\u2019s Atlas of Surgical Approaches to the Bones and Joints of the Dog and Cat. 5th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2013:322\u201350."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib6","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg","first-page":"177","article-title":"Tension band stabilisation of acetabular physeal fractures in four kittens","volume":"9","author":"Langley-Hobbs\n              SJ","year":"2007","unstructured":"Langley-Hobbs\n              SJ\n            , SissenerTR, ShalesCJ. Tension band stabilisation of acetabular physeal fractures in four kittens. J Feline Med Surg2007;9(3):177\u201387."},{"key":"bib7","article-title":"External skeletal fixation of pelvic fractures in dogs and cats: principles of application and outcome in 159 cases. In: Proceedings from the 34th Annual Conference Veterinary Orthopedic Society; March 4\u201310, 2007","author":"Fitzpatrick\n              N","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick\n              N\n            , PerryK, O\u2019RiordanJ. External skeletal fixation of pelvic fractures in dogs and cats: principles of application and outcome in 159 cases. In: Proceedings from the 34th Annual Conference Veterinary Orthopedic Society; March 4\u201310, 2007; Sun Valley, ID; 66."},{"key":"bib8","article-title":"External skeletal fixation for the treatment of acetabular fractures in 35 cats. In: Proceedings from the 21st Annual European College of Veterinary Surgeons Scientific Meeting; July 5\u20137, 2012","author":"Fitzpatrick\n              N","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick\n              N\n            , HamiltonM. External skeletal fixation for the treatment of acetabular fractures in 35 cats. In: Proceedings from the 21st Annual European College of Veterinary Surgeons Scientific Meeting; July 5\u20137, 2012; Barcelona, Spain; 236."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib9","series-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"349","article-title":"A biomechanical comparison of external skeletal fixation and plating for the stabilization of ilial osteotomies in dogs","volume":"21","author":"Fitzpatrick\n              N","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick\n              N\n            , LewisD, CrossA. A biomechanical comparison of external skeletal fixation and plating for the stabilization of ilial osteotomies in dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol2008;21(4):349\u201357."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1458","article-title":"Onset of epiphyseal mineralization and growth plate closure in radiographically normal and dysplastic Labrador retrievers","volume":"210","author":"Todhunter\n              RJ","year":"1997","unstructured":"Todhunter\n              RJ\n            , ZachosTA, GilbertRO, et al. Onset of epiphyseal mineralization and growth plate closure in radiographically normal and dysplastic Labrador retrievers. J Am Vet Med Assoc1997;210(10):1458\u201362."},{"issue":"20","key":"bib11","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"466","article-title":"Castration and physeal closure in the cat","volume":"131","author":"Houlton\n              JE","year":"1992","unstructured":"Houlton\n              JE\n            , McGlennonNJ. Castration and physeal closure in the cat. Vet Rec1992;131(20):466\u20137."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib12","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"24","article-title":"Growth and development of the normal canine pelvis, hip joints and femurs from birth to maturity: a radiographic study","volume":"14","author":"Riser\n              WH","year":"1973","unstructured":"Riser\n              WH\n            \n          . Growth and development of the normal canine pelvis, hip joints and femurs from birth to maturity: a radiographic study. Vet Radiol Ultrasound1973;14(2):24\u201334."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib13","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"185","article-title":"Developing coxal joint of the dog: gross morphometric and pathologic observations","volume":"43","author":"Shively\n              MJ","year":"1982","unstructured":"Shively\n              MJ\n            , Van SickleDC. Developing coxal joint of the dog: gross morphometric and pathologic observations. Am J Vet Res1982;43(2):185\u201394."},{"key":"bib14","series-title":"Compend Contin Educ Vet","first-page":"189","article-title":"Management of acetabular fractures: long term evaluation","volume":"3","author":"Hulse\n              DA","year":"1980","unstructured":"Hulse\n              DA\n            , RootCR. Management of acetabular fractures: long term evaluation. Compend Contin Educ Vet1980;3:189\u201397."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib15","series-title":"Compend Contin Educ Vet","first-page":"E1","article-title":"The epiphyseal plate: physiology, anatomy, and trauma","volume":"31","author":"von Pfeil\n              DJF","year":"2009","unstructured":"von Pfeil\n              DJF\n            , DeCampCE. The epiphyseal plate: physiology, anatomy, and trauma. 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