{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T16:17:16Z","timestamp":1763741836044,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    An 8 mo old male Doberman pinscher was referred for investigation of persistent urinary incontinence. Physical examination revealed urine leakage and abnormal external genitalia. A computed tomography scan identified a large fluid-filled cavity extending from the caudoventral abdomen displacing the colon and urinary bladder. No retained testicles were identified. A retrograde urethrogram study found a linear communication, cranial to the pubic brim between the urethra to the fluid-filled cavity (fistula). Exploratory celiotomy was performed, and an entire female reproductive tract with a blind-ending vagina and a urethrovaginal fistula was found. En bloc gonad hysterectomy was performed, the fistula was transected, and a careful urethral reconstruction was performed. The urinary incontinence resolved immediately after surgery, and no complications were reported. Mild urinary incontinence recurred 4 days following patient discharge, and a urine bacterial culture was positive for\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. An antibiotic course was prescribed, and the incontinence fully resolved. Congenital urogenital abnormalities should always be considered in young animals presenting with urinary incontinence. Here, a young female pseudohermaphrodite dog with a naturally occurring congenital urethrovaginal fistula is described. Exploratory surgery was required for definitive diagnosis and surgical intervention yielded a good medium-term outcome with resolution of clinical signs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-7114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T16:59:42Z","timestamp":1628528382000},"page":"237-241","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Congenital Urethrovaginal Fistula with Blind-Ending Vagina in a Female Pseudohermaphrodite Dog with Urinary Incontinence"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Jamie-Leigh","family":"Thompson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Liuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Murgia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b1","series-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol","first-page":"12","article-title":"Clinical, genetic, and pathological features of male pseudohermaphroditism in dog","volume":"9","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bigliardi\n              E,\n            \n            \n              Parma\n              P,\n            \n            \n              Peressotti\n              P,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tClinical, genetic, and pathological features of male pseudohermaphroditism in dog.\n\t\t\t\t\tReprod Biol Endocrinol2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t9(\n\t\t\t\t\t1):\n\t\t\t\t\t12."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b2","series-title":"Sex Dev","first-page":"46","article-title":"Gonadal and sex differentiation abnormalities of dogs and cats","volume":"6","year":"2012","unstructured":"Meyers-Wallen\n              VN.\n            \n          \n          Gonadal and sex differentiation abnormalities of dogs and cats.\n\t\t\t\t\tSex Dev2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t6(\n\t\t\t\t\t1\u20133):\n\t\t\t\t\t46\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t60."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b3","series-title":"Can Vet J","first-page":"1195","article-title":"An unusual case of urinary incontinence in an intersex West Highland White Terrier","volume":"53","year":"2012","unstructured":"Connery\n              NA\n            \n            \n              Spotswood\n              T.\n            \n          \n          An unusual case of urinary incontinence in an intersex West Highland White Terrier.\n\t\t\t\t\tCan Vet J2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t53:\n\t\t\t\t\t1195\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t8."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b4","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"25","article-title":"Surgical treatment of urinary incontinence resulting from a complex congenital abnormality in two dogs","volume":"38","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gregory\n              SP\n            \n            \n              Trower\n              ND.\n            \n          \n          Surgical treatment of urinary incontinence resulting from a complex congenital abnormality in two dogs.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Small Anim Pract1997;\n\t\t\t\t\t38:\n\t\t\t\t\t25\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t8."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b5","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"347","article-title":"Urinary incontinence in dogs and cats","volume":"127","year":"1990","unstructured":"Holt\n              PE.\n            \n          \n          Urinary incontinence in dogs and cats.\n\t\t\t\t\tVet Rec1990;\n\t\t\t\t\t127:\n\t\t\t\t\t347\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t50."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b6","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"475","article-title":"Disorders of urination associated with canine intersexuality","volume":"24","year":"1983","unstructured":"Holt\n              PE,\n            \n            \n              Long\n              SE,\n            \n            \n              Gibbs\n              C.\n            \n          \n          Disorders of urination associated with canine intersexuality.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Small Anim Pract1983;\n\t\t\t\t\t24:\n\t\t\t\t\t475\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t87."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b7","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"466","article-title":"Vesicovaginal fistula in a dog with urinary incontinence","volume":"255","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shea\n              E,\n            \n            \n              Berent\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Weisse\n              C.\n            \n          \n          Vesicovaginal fistula in a dog with urinary incontinence.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Vet Med Assoc2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t255:\n\t\t\t\t\t466\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t70."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b8","series-title":"Reprod Domest Anim","first-page":"247","article-title":"A urethrorectal fistula due to prostatic abscess associated with urolithiasis in a dog","volume":"41","year":"2006","unstructured":"Agut\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Lucas\n              X,\n            \n            \n              Castro\n              A,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tA urethrorectal fistula due to prostatic abscess associated with urolithiasis in a dog.\n\t\t\t\t\tReprod Domest Anim2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t41(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\t247\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t50."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b9","series-title":"Curr Urol Rep","first-page":"60","article-title":"State of the art for treatment of vesicovaginal fistula","volume":"18","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moses\n              RA\n            \n            \n              Ann Gormley\n              E.\n            \n          \n          State of the art for treatment of vesicovaginal fistula.\n\t\t\t\t\tCurr Urol Rep2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t18:\n\t\t\t\t\t60."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b10","series-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol","first-page":"38","article-title":"Congenital vesicovaginal fistula with or without menouria: a literature review","volume":"175","year":"2014","unstructured":"Martinez Escoriza\n              JC,\n            \n            \n              Palacios Marqu\u00e9s\n              AM,\n            \n            \n              L\u00f3opez Fern\u00e1ndez\n              JA,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tCongenital vesicovaginal fistula with or without menouria: a literature review.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t175:\n\t\t\t\t\t38\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t48."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b11","series-title":"Curr Opin Urol","first-page":"389","article-title":"Management of urethrovaginal fistulae","volume":"18","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pushkar\n              D,\n            \n            \n              Sumerova\n              N,\n            \n            \n              Kasyan\n              G.\n            \n          \n          Management of urethrovaginal fistulae.\n\t\t\t\t\tCurr Opin Urol2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t18:\n\t\t\t\t\t389\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t94."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b12","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"30","article-title":"Imaging diagnosis\u2013urethrovaginal fistula caused by a migrating grass awn in the vagina","volume":"57","year":"2016","unstructured":"Agut\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Carrillo\n              JD,\n            \n            \n              Anson\n              A,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tImaging diagnosis\u2013urethrovaginal fistula caused by a migrating grass awn in the vagina.\n\t\t\t\t\tVet Radiol Ultrasound2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t57:\n\t\t\t\t\t30\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t3."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b13","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"926","article-title":"Non-neurogenic urinary incontinence in a canine female pseudohermaphrodite","volume":"172","year":"1978","unstructured":"Jackson\n              DA,\n            \n            \n              Osbornec\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Brasmert\n              H,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tNon-neurogenic urinary incontinence in a canine female pseudohermaphrodite.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Vet Med Assoc1978;\n\t\t\t\t\t172:\n\t\t\t\t\t926."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b14","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"1166","article-title":"Urogenital anomalies and urinary incontinence in an English Cocker Spaniel dog with XX sex reversal","volume":"32","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yoon\n              H,\n            \n            \n              Han\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              J,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tUrogenital anomalies and urinary incontinence in an English Cocker Spaniel dog with XX sex reversal.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Vet Intern Med2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t32:\n\t\t\t\t\t1166\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t71."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-57-5-237-b15","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"969","article-title":"Fistulas of the genitourinary tract: a radio-logic review","volume":"175","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yu\n              N,\n            \n            \n              Raman\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Patel\n              M,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tFistulas of the genitourinary tract: a radio-logic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Urol2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t175(\n\t\t\t\t\t3):\n\t\t\t\t\t969."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/aaha\/57\/5\/article-p237.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jaaha\/article-pdf\/57\/5\/237\/2899447\/i1547-3317-57-5-237.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/aaha\/57\/5\/article-p237.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/aaha\/57\/5\/article-p237.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T16:04:54Z","timestamp":1763741094000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/aaha\/57\/5\/article-p237.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5326\/jaaha-ms-7114","relation":{},"ISSN":["1547-3317","0587-2871"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1547-3317"},{"type":"print","value":"0587-2871"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}}}