{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T02:34:52Z","timestamp":1787625292301,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this case report was to describe the surgical correction of a cholecystocutaneous fistula in a dog. A 6 yr old vizsla presented with a 2 mo history of a chronic draining wound on the right ventral thorax. Diagnostics revealed numerous fistulous tracts opening at a single site on the right ventrolateral chest wall, extending caudodorsally through the chest wall and diaphragm to the region of the right medial liver lobe. Exploratory laparotomy revealed the apex of the gallbladder adhered to the diaphragm with a tract of fibrous tissue extending along the diaphragm laterally to the right thoracic wall. Cholecystectomy was performed. The fistulous tract was incised to expose the lumen of the fistula, and the fistula was omentalized. Twenty-eight months after surgery, the dog had had no recurrence of the fistulous tract. Exploratory laparotomy allowed excellent visualization of the intra-abdominal path of the fistula and facilitated the ease of resection of the source. Cholecystectomy resulted in rapid and complete resolution of the fistula without the need for excision of the fistula. Although rare, gallbladder disease should be a differential for chronic fistulous tracts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]],"date-time":"2011-12-22T00:36:20Z","timestamp":1324514180000},"page":"43-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Spontaneous Cholecystocutaneous Fistula in a Dog"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Shelly A.","family":"Marquardt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark C.","family":"Rochat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Johnson-Neitman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"bib1","series-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc","first-page":"632","article-title":"Spontaneous cholecystocutaneous fistula: a complication of neglected biliary tract disease","volume":"30","author":"Hoffman","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hoffman\n              L\n            , BeatonH, WantzG. Spontaneous cholecystocutaneous fistula: a complication of neglected biliary tract disease. J Am Geriatr Soc1982;30(10):632\u20134."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib2","series-title":"J Can Assoc Radiol","first-page":"39","article-title":"Imaging in the diagnosis of cholecystocutaneous fistulae","volume":"34","author":"Ulreich","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ulreich\n              S\n            , HenkenEM, LevinsonED. Imaging in the diagnosis of cholecystocutaneous fistulae. J Can Assoc Radiol1983;34(1):39\u201341."},{"issue":"786","key":"bib3","series-title":"Postgrad Med J","first-page":"391","article-title":"Spontaneous external biliary fistula uncomplicated by gallstones","volume":"67","author":"Birch","year":"1991","unstructured":"Birch\n              BRP\n            , CoxSJ. Spontaneous external biliary fistula uncomplicated by gallstones. Postgrad Med J1991;67(786):391\u20132."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib4","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"919","article-title":"Spontaneous external biliary fistula in a dog","volume":"231","author":"Kligman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kligman\n              KC\n            , JehnCT, DavisKM. Spontaneous external biliary fistula in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc2007;231(6):919\u201323."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib5","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"504","article-title":"Umbilico-biliary fistula in a dog","volume":"45","author":"Sides","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sides\n              AA\n            , BrightRM, MortimertJ. Umbilico-biliary fistula in a dog. J Small Anim Pract2004;45(10):504\u20136."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib6","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1282","article-title":"Gallbladder rupture and bile peritonitis secondary to cholelithiasis and cholecystitis in a dog","volume":"184","author":"Matthiesen","year":"1984","unstructured":"Matthiesen\n              DT\n            , LammerdingJ. Gallbladder rupture and bile peritonitis secondary to cholelithiasis and cholecystitis in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc1984;184(10):1282\u20133."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib7","series-title":"South Med J","first-page":"1192","article-title":"Spontaneous cholecystocutaneous fistula","volume":"77","author":"Abril","year":"1984","unstructured":"Abril\n              A\n            , UlfohnA. Spontaneous cholecystocutaneous fistula. South Med J1984;77(9):1192\u20133."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib8","series-title":"Am J Gastroenterol","first-page":"214","article-title":"Cholecystocutaneous fistula: an unusual presentation","volume":"85","author":"Rosario","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rosario\n              PG\n            , GerstPH, PrakashK. Cholecystocutaneous fistula: an unusual presentation. Am J Gastroenterol1990;85(2):214\u20135."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib9","series-title":"Am J Gastroenterol","first-page":"1656","article-title":"Spontaneous cholecystocutaneous fistula secondary to calculous cholecystitis","volume":"91","author":"Andley","year":"1996","unstructured":"Andley\n              M\n            , BiswasRS, AshokS. Spontaneous cholecystocutaneous fistula secondary to calculous cholecystitis. Am J Gastroenterol1996;91(8):1656\u20137."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib1","series-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc","first-page":"632","article-title":"Spontaneous cholecystocutaneous fistula: a complication of neglected biliary tract disease","volume":"30","author":"Hoffman","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hoffman\n              L\n            , BeatonH, WantzG. Spontaneous cholecystocutaneous fistula: a complication of neglected biliary tract disease. J Am Geriatr Soc1982;30(10):632\u20134."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib2","series-title":"J Can Assoc Radiol","first-page":"39","article-title":"Imaging in the diagnosis of cholecystocutaneous fistulae","volume":"34","author":"Ulreich","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ulreich\n              S\n            , HenkenEM, LevinsonED. Imaging in the diagnosis of cholecystocutaneous fistulae. J Can Assoc Radiol1983;34(1):39\u201341."},{"issue":"786","key":"bib3","series-title":"Postgrad Med J","first-page":"391","article-title":"Spontaneous external biliary fistula uncomplicated by gallstones","volume":"67","author":"Birch","year":"1991","unstructured":"Birch\n              BRP\n            , CoxSJ. Spontaneous external biliary fistula uncomplicated by gallstones. Postgrad Med J1991;67(786):391\u20132."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib4","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"919","article-title":"Spontaneous external biliary fistula in a dog","volume":"231","author":"Kligman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kligman\n              KC\n            , JehnCT, DavisKM. Spontaneous external biliary fistula in a dog. 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