{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T03:09:43Z","timestamp":1771297783523,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to compare the effect of ethmoidal-maxillary nerve block (EM\n                    <jats:sub>BLOCK<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and topical application of 2% lidocaine gel (L\n                    <jats:sub>GEL<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) on cardiovascular variables (heart rate and arterial blood pressure) during mechanical stimulation of the nasal cavity. The working hypothesis was that both techniques (EM\n                    <jats:sub>BLOCK<\/jats:sub>\n                    and L\n                    <jats:sub>GEL<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) similarly blunt the cardiovascular responses to the stimulation. Six beagles were anesthetized using alfaxalone and isoflurane on three occasions with each treatment (EM\n                    <jats:sub>BLOCK<\/jats:sub>\n                    , L\n                    <jats:sub>GEL<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and control) in random order. The nasal cavity from the nose tip to the medial canthus was stimulated with a standard-tip cotton swab, and cardiovascular variables were recorded before and after stimulation. The maximum increases in heart rate and blood pressure were significantly smaller in EM\n                    <jats:sub>BLOCK<\/jats:sub>\n                    and L\n                    <jats:sub>GEL<\/jats:sub>\n                    than in the control. There was no significant difference between EM\n                    <jats:sub>BLOCK<\/jats:sub>\n                    and L\n                    <jats:sub>GEL<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Therefore, although further clinical studies are required, EM\n                    <jats:sub>BLOCK<\/jats:sub>\n                    and L\n                    <jats:sub>GEL<\/jats:sub>\n                    can be used because both EM\n                    <jats:sub>BLOCK<\/jats:sub>\n                    and L\n                    <jats:sub>GEL<\/jats:sub>\n                    attenuated the cardiovascular response to mechanical stimulation of the nasal cavity in dogs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-7183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T14:15:54Z","timestamp":1667225754000},"page":"265-270","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cardiovascular Responses to Nasal Stimulation Under Ethmoidal-Maxillary Nerve Block and Lidocaine Gel in Anesthetized Beagles"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Hyunseok","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (H.K., W.-g.S., M.J., D.K., D.S., J.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Won-gyun","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (H.K., W.-g.S., M.J., D.K., D.S., J.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (H.K., W.-g.S., M.J., D.K., D.S., J.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dalhae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (H.K., W.-g.S., M.J., D.K., D.S., J.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donghwi","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (H.K., W.-g.S., M.J., D.K., D.S., J.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (H.K., W.-g.S., M.J., D.K., D.S., J.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inhyung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Veterinary Surgery\/Anesthesiology (I.L.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"key":"i1547-3317-58-6-265-b1","series-title":"Miller\u2019s anatomy of the dog.","first-page":"708","year":"2013","unstructured":"Evans\n              HE\n            \n            \n              DeLahunta\n              A.\n            \n          \n          \n            Miller\u2019s anatomy of the dog.\n          4th ed.\n\t\t\t\t\tSt. Louis:\n\t\t\t\t\tElsevier;\n\t\t\t\t\t2013:\n\t\t\t\t\t708\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t30."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-6-265-b2","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"629","article-title":"Combined use of infraorbital and external nasal nerve blocks for effective perioperative pain control during and after cleft lip repair","volume":"46","year":"2009","unstructured":"Salloum\n              ML,\n            \n            \n              Eberlin\n              KR,\n            \n            \n              Sethna\n              N,\n            \n          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