{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T01:03:53Z","timestamp":1772327033086,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antimicrobial stewardship is becoming more important every day with increasing bacterial resistance and limitations on antibiotics. Prophylactic antibiotics are not necessary with all procedures, which has been shown previously with a variety of human and veterinary surgeries. Medical records were retrospectively evaluated for cases who had a cutaneous punch biopsy performed between 2013 and 2018 including the following information: species, signalment, concurrent diseases, concurrent medications, location of biopsy, histopathologic diagnosis, and bacterial infections postoperatively. The prevalence of secondary infections, due to punch biopsies in all animals, was 1.9% and further divided into 2.3% (3\/128) of dogs and 0% (0\/26) of cats. It was determined that the relative risk of developing complications from punch biopsy was 0.06 (0.01\u20130.93) when diagnosing a dermatologic disease versus a cutaneous mass (neoplastic and nonneoplastic), which was statistically significant. The risk increased 2.16 (0.16\u201359.91) times if the biopsy site was the trunk, which includes the neck, thorax, and abdomen. These results indicate that in veterinary medicine, postoperative complications are uncommon with cutaneous punch biopsies. The administration of prophylactic antibiotics in dogs and cats is unnecessary when performing a punch biopsy when there is no infection present at the time of biopsy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-7249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T16:50:15Z","timestamp":1662051015000},"page":"249-253","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation for Postoperative Infections Following Cutaneous Punch Biopsies in Dogs and Cats: 154 Cases (2013\u20132018)"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Jason B.","family":"Pieper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa (J.B.P.)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahla","family":"Doroud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Veterinary Clinic, Grants Pass, Oregon (S.D.)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William E.","family":"Sander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (W.E.S.)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b1","series-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents","first-page":"431","article-title":"Use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine and food animal production","volume":"17","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schwarz\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Kehrenberg\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Walsh\n              TR.\n            \n          \n          Use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine and food animal production.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Antimicrob Agents2000;17:431\u20137."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b2","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"170","article-title":"MRSP: prevalence in practice","volume":"126","year":"2002","unstructured":"Paul\n              NC.\n            \n          \n          MRSP: prevalence in practice.\n\t\t\t\t\tVet Rec2002;126:170\u20131."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b3","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e35197","article-title":"Sharing more than friendship \u2013 nasal colonization with coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) and co-habitation aspects of dogs and their owners","volume":"7","year":"2012","unstructured":"Walther\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Hermes\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Cuny\n              C,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tSharing more than friendship \u2013 nasal colonization with coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) and co-habitation aspects of dogs and their owners.\n\t\t\t\t\tPLoS One2012;7(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\te35197."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b4","series-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm","first-page":"1839","volume":"56","year":"1999","unstructured":"ASHP Therapeutic Guidelines on Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery.\n          \n          \n            Am J Health Syst Pharm\n          \n          1999;56:1839\u201388."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b5","series-title":"Clin Cardiol","first-page":"559","article-title":"Efficacy of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics in reducing permanent pacemaker infections","volume":"40","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee\n              WH,\n            \n            \n              Huang\n              TC,\n            \n            \n              Lin\n              LJ,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tEfficacy of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics in reducing permanent pacemaker infections.\n\t\t\t\t\tClin Cardiol2017;40:559\u201365."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b6","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1332","article-title":"Effects of antibiotic-prophylaxis on postoperative complications after rumenotomy in cattle","volume":"200","year":"1992","unstructured":"Haven\n              ML,\n            \n            \n              Wichtel\n              JJ,\n            \n            \n              Bristol\n              DG,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tEffects of antibiotic-prophylaxis on postoperative complications after rumenotomy in cattle.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Vet Med Assoc1992;200:1332\u20135."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b7","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"661","article-title":"Prospective, randomized comparison of the effect of two antimicrobial regimes on surgical site infection rate in dogs undergoing orthopedic implant surgery","volume":"44","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aiken\n              MJ,\n            \n            \n              Hughes\n              TK,\n            \n            \n              Abercromby\n              RH,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tProspective, randomized comparison of the effect of two antimicrobial regimes on surgical site infection rate in dogs undergoing orthopedic implant surgery.\n\t\t\t\t\tVet Surg2015;44:661\u20137."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b8","series-title":"Vet Dermatol","article-title":"Effect of prophylactic cephalexin treatment on the development of bacterial infection in acute radiation-induced dermatitis in dogs: a blinded randomized controlled prospective clinical trial","volume":"29","year":"2018","unstructured":"Keyerleber\n              MA\n            \n            \n              Ferrer\n              L.\n            \n          \n          Effect of prophylactic cephalexin treatment on the development of bacterial infection in acute radiation-induced dermatitis in dogs: a blinded randomized controlled prospective clinical trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tVet Dermatol2018;29:\n\t\t\t\t\t37-e18."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b9","article-title":"Antimicrobial stewardship definition and core principles","unstructured":"AVMA.\n          \n          Antimicrobial stewardship definition and core principles.\n\t\t\t\t\tAvailable at: www.avma.org\/resources-tools\/avma-policies\/antimicrobial-stewardship-definition-and-core-principles. Accessed June 8, 2021."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b10","series-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol","first-page":"445","article-title":"Use of topical antibiotics as prophylaxis in clean dermatologic procedures","volume":"66","year":"2011","unstructured":"Levender\n              MM,\n            \n            \n              Davis\n              SA,\n            \n            \n              Kwatra\n              SG,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tUse of topical antibiotics as prophylaxis in clean dermatologic procedures.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Acad Dermatol2011;66:445\u201351."},{"issue":"15","key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b11","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"434","article-title":"Recurrent pyoderma and its underlying primary diseases: a retrospective evaluation of 157 dogs","volume":"182","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seckerdieck\n              F\n            \n            \n              Mueller\n              RS.\n            \n          \n          Recurrent pyoderma and its underlying primary diseases: a retrospective evaluation of 157 dogs.\n\t\t\t\t\tVet Rec2018;182(\n\t\t\t\t\t15):\n\t\t\t\t\t434\u20137."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b12","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"203","article-title":"Dermatologic disorders in dogs with diabetes mellitus: 45 cases (1986\u20132000)","volume":"219","year":"2001","unstructured":"Peikes\n              H,\n            \n            \n              Morris\n              DO,\n            \n            \n              Hess\n              RS.\n            \n          \n          Dermatologic disorders in dogs with diabetes mellitus: 45 cases (1986\u20132000).\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219(\n\t\t\t\t\t2):\n\t\t\t\t\t203\u20138."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b13","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"417","article-title":"Adverse interaction between colchicine and ketoconazole in a Chinese Shar Pei","volume":"50","year":"2014","unstructured":"McAlister\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Center\n              SA,\n            \n            \n              Bender\n              H,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tAdverse interaction between colchicine and ketoconazole in a Chinese Shar Pei.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Anim Hosp Assoc2014;50(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\t417\u201323."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b14","series-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol","first-page":"271","article-title":"Veterinary drug usage and antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of animal origin","volume":"96","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aarestrup\n              FM.\n            \n          \n          Veterinary drug usage and antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of animal origin.\n\t\t\t\t\tBasic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol2004;96:271\u201381."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b1","series-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents","first-page":"431","article-title":"Use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine and food animal production","volume":"17","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schwarz\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Kehrenberg\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Walsh\n              TR.\n            \n          \n          Use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine and food animal production.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Antimicrob Agents2000;17:431\u20137."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b2","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"170","article-title":"MRSP: prevalence in practice","volume":"126","year":"2002","unstructured":"Paul\n              NC.\n            \n          \n          MRSP: prevalence in practice.\n\t\t\t\t\tVet Rec2002;126:170\u20131."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b3","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e35197","article-title":"Sharing more than friendship \u2013 nasal colonization with coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) and co-habitation aspects of dogs and their owners","volume":"7","year":"2012","unstructured":"Walther\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Hermes\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Cuny\n              C,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tSharing more than friendship \u2013 nasal colonization with coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) and co-habitation aspects of dogs and their owners.\n\t\t\t\t\tPLoS One2012;7(\n\t\t\t\t\t4):\n\t\t\t\t\te35197."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b4","series-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm","first-page":"1839","volume":"56","year":"1999","unstructured":"ASHP Therapeutic Guidelines on Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery.\n          \n          \n            Am J Health Syst Pharm\n          \n          1999;56:1839\u201388."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b5","series-title":"Clin Cardiol","first-page":"559","article-title":"Efficacy of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics in reducing permanent pacemaker infections","volume":"40","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee\n              WH,\n            \n            \n              Huang\n              TC,\n            \n            \n              Lin\n              LJ,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tEfficacy of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics in reducing permanent pacemaker infections.\n\t\t\t\t\tClin Cardiol2017;40:559\u201365."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b6","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1332","article-title":"Effects of antibiotic-prophylaxis on postoperative complications after rumenotomy in cattle","volume":"200","year":"1992","unstructured":"Haven\n              ML,\n            \n            \n              Wichtel\n              JJ,\n            \n            \n              Bristol\n              DG,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tEffects of antibiotic-prophylaxis on postoperative complications after rumenotomy in cattle.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Vet Med Assoc1992;200:1332\u20135."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b7","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"661","article-title":"Prospective, randomized comparison of the effect of two antimicrobial regimes on surgical site infection rate in dogs undergoing orthopedic implant surgery","volume":"44","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aiken\n              MJ,\n            \n            \n              Hughes\n              TK,\n            \n            \n              Abercromby\n              RH,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tProspective, randomized comparison of the effect of two antimicrobial regimes on surgical site infection rate in dogs undergoing orthopedic implant surgery.\n\t\t\t\t\tVet Surg2015;44:661\u20137."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b8","series-title":"Vet Dermatol","article-title":"Effect of prophylactic cephalexin treatment on the development of bacterial infection in acute radiation-induced dermatitis in dogs: a blinded randomized controlled prospective clinical trial","volume":"29","year":"2018","unstructured":"Keyerleber\n              MA\n            \n            \n              Ferrer\n              L.\n            \n          \n          Effect of prophylactic cephalexin treatment on the development of bacterial infection in acute radiation-induced dermatitis in dogs: a blinded randomized controlled prospective clinical trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tVet Dermatol2018;29:\n\t\t\t\t\t37-e18."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b9","article-title":"Antimicrobial stewardship definition and core principles","unstructured":"AVMA.\n          \n          Antimicrobial stewardship definition and core principles.\n\t\t\t\t\tAvailable at: www.avma.org\/resources-tools\/avma-policies\/antimicrobial-stewardship-definition-and-core-principles. Accessed June 8, 2021."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b10","series-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol","first-page":"445","article-title":"Use of topical antibiotics as prophylaxis in clean dermatologic procedures","volume":"66","year":"2011","unstructured":"Levender\n              MM,\n            \n            \n              Davis\n              SA,\n            \n            \n              Kwatra\n              SG,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tUse of topical antibiotics as prophylaxis in clean dermatologic procedures.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Acad Dermatol2011;66:445\u201351."},{"issue":"15","key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b11","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"434","article-title":"Recurrent pyoderma and its underlying primary diseases: a retrospective evaluation of 157 dogs","volume":"182","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seckerdieck\n              F\n            \n            \n              Mueller\n              RS.\n            \n          \n          Recurrent pyoderma and its underlying primary diseases: a retrospective evaluation of 157 dogs.\n\t\t\t\t\tVet Rec2018;182(\n\t\t\t\t\t15):\n\t\t\t\t\t434\u20137."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b12","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"203","article-title":"Dermatologic disorders in dogs with diabetes mellitus: 45 cases (1986\u20132000)","volume":"219","year":"2001","unstructured":"Peikes\n              H,\n            \n            \n              Morris\n              DO,\n            \n            \n              Hess\n              RS.\n            \n          \n          Dermatologic disorders in dogs with diabetes mellitus: 45 cases (1986\u20132000).\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219(\n\t\t\t\t\t2):\n\t\t\t\t\t203\u20138."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b13","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"417","article-title":"Adverse interaction between colchicine and ketoconazole in a Chinese Shar Pei","volume":"50","year":"2014","unstructured":"McAlister\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Center\n              SA,\n            \n            \n              Bender\n              H,\n            \n          \n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tAdverse interaction between colchicine and ketoconazole in a Chinese Shar Pei.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Anim Hosp Assoc2014;50(\n\t\t\t\t\t6):\n\t\t\t\t\t417\u201323."},{"key":"i1547-3317-58-5-249-b14","series-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol","first-page":"271","article-title":"Veterinary drug usage and antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of animal origin","volume":"96","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aarestrup\n              FM.\n            \n          \n          Veterinary drug usage and antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of animal origin.\n\t\t\t\t\tBasic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol2004;96:271\u201381."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/aaha\/58\/5\/article-p249.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/jaaha\/article-pdf\/58\/5\/249\/3112156\/i1547-3317-58-5-249.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/aaha\/58\/5\/article-p249.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/aaha\/58\/5\/article-p249.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:31:54Z","timestamp":1772325114000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jaaha.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/aaha\/58\/5\/article-p249.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5326\/jaaha-ms-7249","relation":{},"ISSN":["1547-3317","0587-2871"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1547-3317","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0587-2871","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}}}