{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T01:03:29Z","timestamp":1772327009343,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":178,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The guidelines are the first comprehensive consensus report on veterinary healthcare recommendations for working, assistance, and therapy dogs. This category of canine patients includes a broad assortment of animals, some with well-defined functions and others that provide a more generalized support role. The guidelines discuss recommendations for dogs trained for protection, odor\/scent detection, service functions for people with diagnosed disabilities or physical limitations, emotional support, and therapeutic intervention. Although the term is often used to describe dogs providing animal-assisted activities, true therapy dogs provide goal-directed therapy, often under the supervision of a healthcare professional such as an occupational therapist or psychologist. Many working dogs undergo extensive training and have rigorous physical demands placed upon them. These factors make working, assistance, and therapy dogs inherently valuable and impose a need for a high level of primary veterinary care as described in the guidelines. Because working dogs have a particularly close relationship with their handlers, a trust relationship between the practice team and the working-dog client is imperative.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-7250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,28]],"date-time":"2021-10-28T13:23:28Z","timestamp":1635427408000},"page":"253-277","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["2021 AAHA Working, Assistance, and Therapy Dog Guidelines"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Cynthia M.","family":"Otto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tracy","family":"Darling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zenithson","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bess","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Singletary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Zoran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b1","article-title":"Animal-Assisted Interventions: Definitions","unstructured":"American Veterinary Medical Association.\n\nAnimal-Assisted Interventions: Definitions.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.avma.org\/resources-tools\/avma-policies\/animal-assisted-interventions-definitions. 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Center and Pentagon: 2001\u20132006.\nJ Environ Health2010;\n73(\n2):\n12\u2013\n21."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b53","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"734","article-title":"Fifteen-year surveillance of search-and-rescue dogs deployed to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack sites: pathology associated with death or humane euthanasia","volume":"257","year":"2020","unstructured":"Otto\nCM,\n\n\nHare\nE,\n\n\nBuchweitz\nJP,\n\n\n.\nFifteen-year surveillance of search-and-rescue dogs deployed to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack sites: pathology associated with death or humane euthanasia.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2020;\n257:\n734\u2013\n43."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b54","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"209","article-title":"Causes of death or reasons for euthanasia in military working dogs: 927 cases (1993-1996)","volume":"219","year":"2001","unstructured":"Moore\nGE,\n\n\nBurkman\nKD,\n\n\nCarter\nMN,\n\n\n.\nCauses of death or reasons for euthanasia in military working dogs: 927 cases (1993-1996).\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2001;\n219(\n2):\n209\u2013\n14."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b55","series-title":"Br J Nutr","first-page":"793","article-title":"Diet restriction and ageing in the dog: Major observations over two decades","volume":"99","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lawler\nDF,\n\n\nLarson\nBT,\n\n\nBallam\nJM,\n\n\n.\nDiet restriction and ageing in the dog: Major observations over two decades.\nBr J Nutr2008;\n99(\n4):\n793\u2013\n805."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b56","series-title":"Aging Dis","first-page":"119","article-title":"Role of dietary protein and muscular fitness on longevity and aging","volume":"9","year":"2018","unstructured":"Strasser\nB,\n\n\nVolaklis\nK,\n\n\nFuchs\nD,\n\n\n.\nRole of dietary protein and muscular fitness on longevity and aging.\nAging Dis2018;\n9(\n1):\n119\u2013\n32."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b57","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"448","article-title":"Systematic review of efficacy of nutraceuticals to alleviate clinical signs of osteoarthritis","volume":"26","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vandeweerd\nJ-M,\n\n\nCoisnon\nC,\n\n\nClegg\nP,\n\n\n.\nSystematic review of efficacy of nutraceuticals to alleviate clinical signs of osteoarthritis.\nJ Vet Intern Med2012;\n26:\n448\u2013\n56."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b58","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"34","article-title":"Effects of a probiotic intervention in acute canine gastroenteritis \u2013 a controlled clinical trial","volume":"51","year":"2010","unstructured":"Herstad\nHK,\n\n\nNesheim\nBB,\n\n\nL\u2019ab\u00e9e-Lund\nT,\n\n\n.\nEffects of a probiotic intervention in acute canine gastroenteritis \u2013 a controlled clinical trial.\nJ Small Anim Pract2010;\n51:\n34\u2013\n8."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b59","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"906","article-title":"Effects of oral administration of metronidazole and doxycycline on olfactory capabilities of explosives detection dogs","volume":"77","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jenkins\nEK,\n\n\nLee-Fowler\nTM,\n\n\nAngle\nTC,\n\n\n.\nEffects of oral administration of metronidazole and doxycycline on olfactory capabilities of explosives detection dogs.\nAm J Vet Res2016;\n77:\n906\u2013\n12."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b60","series-title":"Drug Discov Today","first-page":"1398","article-title":"Olfactory drug effects approached from human-derived data","volume":"20","year":"2015","unstructured":"L\u00f6tsch\nJ,\n\n\nKnothe\nC,\n\n\nLippmann\nC,\n\n\n.\nOlfactory drug effects approached from human-derived data.\nDrug Discov Today2015;\n20(\n11):\n1398\u2013\n1406."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b61","series-title":"Canine Olfaction Science and Law.","first-page":"49","article-title":"Effects of Disease on Canine Olfaction","year":"2016","unstructured":"Otto\nCM.\n\n\nEffects of Disease on Canine Olfaction.\nIn:JezierskiT,EnsmingerJ,eds.Canine Olfaction Science and Law.Boca Raton (FL):\nTaylor & Francis\/CRC Press;\n2016:\n49\u2013\n56."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b62","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"56","article-title":"When the nose doesn\u2019t know: Canine olfactory function associated with health, management, and potential links to microbiota","volume":"5","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jenkins\nEK,\n\n\nDeChant\nMT,\n\n\nPerry\nEB.\n\n\nWhen the nose doesn\u2019t know: Canine olfactory function associated with health, management, and potential links to microbiota.\nFront Vet Sci2018;\n5:\n56."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b63","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"498","article-title":"The role of the canine gut microbiome and metabolome in health and gastrointestinal disease","volume":"6","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pilla\nR\n\n\nSuchodolski\nJS.\n\n\nThe role of the canine gut microbiome and metabolome in health and gastrointestinal disease.\nFront Vet Sci2020;\n6:\n498."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b64","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"868","article-title":"Deployment morbidity among search and rescue dogs","volume":"225","year":"2004","unstructured":"Slensky\nK,\n\n\nDrobatz\nKJ,\n\n\nDownend\nAB,\n\n\n.\nDeployment morbidity among search and rescue dogs.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2004;\n225(\n6):\n868\u2013\n73."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b65","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"396","article-title":"Injuries and illnesses among urban search-and-rescue dogs deployed to Haiti following the January 12, 2010, earthquake","volume":"240","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gordon\nLE.\n\n\nInjuries and illnesses among urban search-and-rescue dogs deployed to Haiti following the January 12, 2010, earthquake.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2012;\n240(\n4):\n396\u2013\n403."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b66","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"901","article-title":"Injuries and illnesses among Federal Emergency Management Agency-certified search-and recovery and search-and-rescue dogs deployed to Oso, Washington, following the March 22, 2014, State Route 530 landslide","volume":"247","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gordon\nLE.\n\n\nInjuries and illnesses among Federal Emergency Management Agency-certified search-and recovery and search-and-rescue dogs deployed to Oso, Washington, following the March 22, 2014, State Route 530 landslide.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2015;\n247(\n8):\n901\u2013\n8."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b67","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"144","article-title":"Environmental and physiological factors associated with stamina in dogs exercising in high ambient temperatures","volume":"4","year":"2017","unstructured":"Robbins\nPJ,\n\n\nRamos\nMT,\n\n\nZanghi\nBM,\n\n\n.\nEnvironmental and physiological factors associated with stamina in dogs exercising in high ambient temperatures.\nFront Vet Sci2017;\n4:\n144."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b68","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"292","article-title":"A randomized cross-over field study of pre-hydration strategies in dogs tracking in hot environments","volume":"7","year":"2020","unstructured":"Niedermeyer\nGM,\n\n\nHare\nE,\n\n\nBrunker\nL,\n\n\n.\nA randomized cross-over field study of pre-hydration strategies in dogs tracking in hot environments.\nFront Vet Sci2020;\n7:\n292."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b69","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1215","article-title":"Causes for discharge of military working dogs from service: 268 cases (2000\u20132004)","volume":"231","year":"2007","unstructured":"Evans\nRI,\n\n\nHerbold\nJR,\n\n\nBradshaw\nBS,\n\n\n.\nCauses for discharge of military working dogs from service: 268 cases (2000\u20132004).\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2007;\n231(\n8):\n1215\u2013\n20."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b70","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"123","article-title":"Evaluation of skin turgor and capillary refill time as predictors of dehydration in exercising dogs","volume":"80","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goucher\nTK,\n\n\nHartzell\nAM,\n\n\nSeales\nTS,\n\n\n.\nEvaluation of skin turgor and capillary refill time as predictors of dehydration in exercising dogs.\nAm J Vet Res2019;\n80:\n123\u2013\n8."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b71","series-title":"Handbook of Veterinary Pain Management.","first-page":"163","article-title":"Opioids","year":"2009","unstructured":"Epstein\nME.\n\n\nOpioids.\nIn:GaynorJS,MuirWWIII,eds.Handbook of Veterinary Pain Management.3rd ed.\nSt. Louis:\nElsevier;\n2009:\n163\u2013\n82."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b72","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care.","article-title":"The first responder exposure to contaminating powder on dog fur during intranasal and intramuscular naloxone administration","unstructured":"Essler\nJL,\n\n\nSmith\nPG,\n\n\nRuge\nCE,\n\n\n.\nThe first responder exposure to contaminating powder on dog fur during intranasal and intramuscular naloxone administration.\nJ Vet Emerg Crit Care.In press."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b73","series-title":"Anthrozoos","first-page":"323","article-title":"Interactions between handler well-being and canine health and behavior in search and rescue teams","volume":"25","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hunt\nM,\n\n\nOtto\nCM,\n\n\nSerpell\nJ,\n\n\n.\nInteractions between handler well-being and canine health and behavior in search and rescue teams.\nAnthrozoos2012;\n25(\n3):\n323\u2013\n35."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b74","series-title":"Vet Med Int","first-page":"385640","article-title":"Antibiotic treatment of dogs and cats during pregnancy","volume":"2010","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rubeulto\nM\n\n\nLoza\nME.\n\n\nAntibiotic treatment of dogs and cats during pregnancy.\nVet Med Int2010;\n2010:\n385640."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b75","series-title":"BMC Vet Res","first-page":"86","article-title":"Multiple midline defects identified in a litter of golden retrievers following gestational administration of prednisone and doxycycline: a case series","volume":"14","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kaplan\nJL,\n\n\nGunther-Harrington\nCT,\n\n\nSutton\nJ,\n\n\n.\nMultiple midline defects identified in a litter of golden retrievers following gestational administration of prednisone and doxycycline: a case series.\nBMC Vet Res2018;\n14:\n86."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b76","series-title":"Current Veterinary Therapy X: Small Animal Practice.","first-page":"1291","article-title":"Effects of drugs on pregnancy","year":"1989","unstructured":"Papich\nM.\n\n\nEffects of drugs on pregnancy.\nIn:KirkR,ed.Current Veterinary Therapy X: Small Animal Practice.Philadelphia:\nSaunders;\n1989:\n1291\u2013\n9."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b77","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1719","article-title":"Evaluation of risk factors for degenerative joint disease associated with hip dysplasia in German Shepherd dogs, golden retrievers, Labrador retrievers and rottweilers","volume":"219","year":"2001","unstructured":"Smith\nGK,\n\n\nMayhew\nPD,\n\n\nKapatkin\nAS,\n\n\n.\nEvaluation of risk factors for degenerative joint disease associated with hip dysplasia in German Shepherd dogs, golden retrievers, Labrador retrievers and rottweilers.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2001;\n219(\n2):\n1719\u2013\n24."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b78","series-title":"Vet J","first-page":"124","article-title":"Using the incidence and impact of health conditions in guide dogs to investigate healthy ageing in working dogs","volume":"207","year":"2016","unstructured":"Caron-Lormier\nG,\n\n\nEngland\nGC,\n\n\nGreen\nMJ,\n\n\n.\nUsing the incidence and impact of health conditions in guide dogs to investigate healthy ageing in working dogs.\nVet J2016;\n207:\n124\u2013\n30."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b79","unstructured":"APHIS Pet Travel.\n\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.aphis.usda.gov\/aphis\/pet-travel. Accessed August 12, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b80","series-title":"Pet Loss, Grief, and Therapeutic Interventions: Practitioners Navigating the Human-Animal Bond.","first-page":"194","article-title":"Separation from assistance dogs","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yamamoto\nM\n\n\nHart\nLA.\n\n\nSeparation from assistance dogs.\nIn:KoganL,ErdmanP,eds.Pet Loss, Grief, and Therapeutic Interventions: Practitioners Navigating the Human-Animal Bond.Abingdon (UK):\nRoutledge;\n2019:\n194\u2013\n197."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b81","series-title":"Disability Health J","first-page":"469","article-title":"Recognizing the value of assistance dogs in society","volume":"8","year":"2015","unstructured":"Audrestch\nHM,\n\n\nWhelan\nCT,\n\n\nGrice\nD,\n\n\n.\nRecognizing the value of assistance dogs in society.\nDisability Health J2015;\n8:\n469\u2013\n74."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b82","series-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev","first-page":"489","article-title":"Effects of assistance dogs on persons with mobility or hearing impairments: a pilot study","volume":"45","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rintala\nDH,\n\n\nMatamoros\nR,\n\n\nSeitz\nLL.\n\n\nEffects of assistance dogs on persons with mobility or hearing impairments: a pilot study.\nJ Rehabil Res Dev2008;\n45(\n4):\n489\u2013\n503."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b83","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"39","article-title":"Paving the path toward retirement for assistance animals: Transitioning lives","volume":"6","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ng\nZ\n\n\nFine\nA.\n\n\nPaving the path toward retirement for assistance animals: Transitioning lives.\nFront Vet Sci2019;\n6:\n39."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b84","unstructured":"Low Stress Handling University.\n\nAvailable at: https:\/\/lowstresshandling.com\/low-stress-handling\/. Accessed October 15, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b85","unstructured":"CALM program: Companion Animal Low Stress Management. Available at: https:\/\/www.vet.upenn.edu\/veterinary-hospitals\/ryan-veterinary-hospital\/services\/behaviormedicine\/calm. Accessed December 1, 2020."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b86","series-title":"J Spec Ops Med","first-page":"32","article-title":"The operational canine and K9 tactical emergency casualty care initiative","volume":"15","year":"2015","unstructured":"Palmer\nLE,\n\n\nMaricle\nR,\n\n\nBrenner\nJA.\n\n\nThe operational canine and K9 tactical emergency casualty care initiative.\nJ Spec Ops Med2015;\n15(\n3):\n32\u2013\n8."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b87","unstructured":"K9 Tactical Emergency Casualty Care.\n\nAvailable at: http:\/\/www.k9tecc.org\/resources.html. Accessed October 15, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b88","article-title":"Communicating with people who have hearing, vision, and speech disabilities : ADA requirements for facilities, vehicles, and services.","unstructured":"Communicating with people who have hearing, vision, and speech disabilities : ADA requirements for facilities, vehicles, and services.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.adainfo.org\/training\/communication-vision-hearing-speech. Accessed October 15, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b89","unstructured":"Frank Workshop Series.\n\nAvailable at: http:\/\/csu-cvmbs.colostate.edu\/academics\/clinsci\/veterinary-communication\/Pages\/frank-workshops.aspx. Accessed October 15, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b1","article-title":"Animal-Assisted Interventions: Definitions","unstructured":"American Veterinary Medical Association.\n\nAnimal-Assisted Interventions: Definitions.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.avma.org\/resources-tools\/avma-policies\/animal-assisted-interventions-definitions. Accessed July 11, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b2","article-title":"General Guidelines for Training, Certifi-cation, and Documentation of Canine Detection Disciplines","year":"2020","unstructured":"ANSI\/ASB Standard 088, 1st ed.\n\nGeneral Guidelines for Training, Certifi-cation, and Documentation of Canine Detection Disciplines.\nAAFS Standards Board, LLC.\n2020.\nAvailable at: http:\/\/www.asbstandardsboard.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/088_Std_e1.pdf. Accessed July 11, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b3","article-title":"Crime Scene\/Death Investigation \u2013 Dogs and Sensors Terms and Definitions","year":"2017","unstructured":"ASB Technical Report 025, First Edition.\n\nCrime Scene\/Death Investigation \u2013 Dogs and Sensors Terms and Definitions.\nAAFS Standards Board, LLC.\n2017.\nAvailable at: http:\/\/www.asbstandardsboard.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/025_TR_e1_2017.pdf. Accessed July 11, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b4","article-title":"Service, emotional support and therapy animals","unstructured":"American Veterinary Medical Association.\n\nService, emotional support and therapy animals.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.avma.org\/resources-tools\/animal-health-welfare\/service-emotional-support-and-therapy-animals. Accessed July 11, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b5","unstructured":"ASB Technical Report 025, 1st ed. 2017; p 14. Available at: http:\/\/www.asbstandardsboard.org\/published-documents\/dogs-and-sensors-published-documents\/. 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Accessed October 13, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b13","article-title":"CALM Program: Companion Animal Low-Stress Management","unstructured":"University of Pennsylvania.\n\nCALM Program: Companion Animal Low-Stress Management.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.vet.upenn.edu\/veterinary-hospitals\/ryan-veterinary-hospital\/services\/behaviormedicine\/calm. Accessed October 13, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b14","unstructured":"ADA Requirements Service Animals.\n\nADA.gov. Available at: https:\/\/www.ada.gov\/service_animals_2010.htm. Accessed August 12, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b15","article-title":"Service, emotional support and therapy animals","unstructured":"American Veterinary Medical Association.\n\nService, emotional support and therapy animals.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.avma.org\/resources-tools\/animal-health-welfare\/service-emotional-support-and-therapy-animals. Accessed August 12, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b16","unstructured":"American Veterinary Medical Association.\n\nService Animals.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.avma.org\/resources-tools\/avma-policies\/service-animals. Accessed August 12, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b17","unstructured":"ADA, Service animals and emotional support animals.\n\nAvailable at: https:\/\/adata.org\/guide\/service-animals-and-emotional-support-animals. Accessed August 12, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b18","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"1","article-title":"Assistance dogs: Historic patterns and roles of dogs placed by ADI or IGDF accredited facilities and by non-accredited U.S. facilities","volume":"4","year":"2017","unstructured":"Walther\nS,\n\n\nYamamoto\nM,\n\n\nThigpen\nAP,\n\n\n.\nAssistance dogs: Historic patterns and roles of dogs placed by ADI or IGDF accredited facilities and by non-accredited U.S. facilities.\nFront Vet Sci2017;\n4:\n1."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b19","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"349","article-title":"Geographic availability of assistance dogs: Dogs placed in 2013\u20132014 by ADI- or IGDF-Accredited or candidate facilities in the United States and Canada, and non-accredited U.S. facilities","volume":"6","year":"2019","unstructured":"Walther\nS,\n\n\nYamamoto\nM,\n\n\nThigpen\nAP,\n\n\n.\nGeographic availability of assistance dogs: Dogs placed in 2013\u20132014 by ADI- or IGDF-Accredited or candidate facilities in the United States and Canada, and non-accredited U.S. facilities.\nFront Vet Sci2019;\n6:\n349."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b20","article-title":"The global authority in assistance dogs industry","unstructured":"Assistance Dogs International.\n\nThe global authority in assistance dogs industry.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/assistancedogsinternational.org\/. Accessed August 12, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b21","article-title":"Assistance Animals: Counsel clients, prevent fraud","unstructured":"AVMA CE Webinar.\n\nAssistance Animals: Counsel clients, prevent fraud.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/axon.avma.org\/local\/catalog\/view\/product.php?productid=10. Accessed August 12, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b22","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"87","article-title":"Editorial: Assistance dogs for people with disabilities","volume":"7","year":"2020","unstructured":"Patterson-Kane\nE,\n\n\nYamamoto\nM,\n\n\nHart\nLA.\n\n\nEditorial: Assistance dogs for people with disabilities.\nFront Vet Sci2020;\n7:\n87."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b23","series-title":"Fed Regist","first-page":"79742","article-title":"Traveling by air with service animals","volume":"85","year":"2020","unstructured":"Traveling by air with service animals.\nFed Regist2020;\n85:\n79742\u2013\n79776.\n14 CFR Part 382."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b24","unstructured":"U. S. Department of Transportation Announces Final Rule on Traveling by Air with Service Animals | US Department of Transportation. Available at: https:\/\/www.transportation.gov\/briefing-room\/us-department-transportation-announces-final-rule-traveling-air-service-animals. Accessed December 29, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b25","article-title":"Assistance animals: rights of access and the problem of fraud","unstructured":"American Veterinary Medical Association.\n\nAssistance animals: rights of access and the problem of fraud.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.avma.org\/sites\/default\/files\/resources\/Assistance-Animals-Rights-Access-Fraud-AVMA.pdf. Accessed August 12, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b26","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"199","article-title":"The role of veterinarians in assisting clients identify and care for emotional support animals","volume":"254","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fine\nA,\n\n\nKnesl\nO,\n\n\nHart\nB,\n\n\n.\nThe role of veterinarians in assisting clients identify and care for emotional support animals.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2019;\n254:\n199\u2013\n202."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b27","article-title":"Position statements and endorsements, raw protein diet","unstructured":"American Animal Hospital Association.\n\nPosition statements and endorsements, raw protein diet.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.aaha.org\/about-aaha\/aaha-position-statements\/raw-protein-diet\/. Accessed August 12, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b28","series-title":"Canine Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation.","first-page":"520","article-title":"Conditions and Rehabilitation of Working Dogs","year":"2018","unstructured":"Henneman\nKE\n\n\nZink\nC.\n\n\nConditions and Rehabilitation of Working Dogs.\nIn:Canine Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation.2nd ed.\nHoboken (NJ):\nJohn Wiley and Sons;\n2018:\n520\u2013\n44."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b29","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"322","article-title":"Injuries and illnesses among human remains detection-certified search-an-recovery dogs deployed to northern California in response to the Camp Fire wildfire of November 2018","volume":"256","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gordon\nLE\n\n\nHo\nB.\n\n\nInjuries and illnesses among human remains detection-certified search-an-recovery dogs deployed to northern California in response to the Camp Fire wildfire of November 2018.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2020;\n256(\n3):\n322\u2013\n32."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b30","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)","first-page":"591","article-title":"Emergency visits and occupational hazards in German Shepherd police dogs (2008\u20132010)","volume":"23","year":"2013","unstructured":"Parr\nJR\n\n\nOtto\nCM.\n\n\nEmergency visits and occupational hazards in German Shepherd police dogs (2008\u20132010).\nJ Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)2013;\n23(\n6):\n591\u2013\n7."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b31","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"292","article-title":"General toxicologic hazards and risks for search-and-rescue dogs responding to urban disasters","volume":"222","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gwaltney-Brant\nSM,\n\n\nMurphy\nLA,\n\n\nWismer\nTA,\n\n\n.\nGeneral toxicologic hazards and risks for search-and-rescue dogs responding to urban disasters.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2003;\n222(\n3):\n292\u2013\n5."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b32","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"296","article-title":"Toxicologic agents of concern for search-and-rescue dogs responding to urban disasters","volume":"222","year":"2003","unstructured":"Murphy\nLA,\n\n\nGwaltney-Brant\nSM,\n\n\nAlbretsen\nJC,\n\n\n.\nToxicologic agents of concern for search-and-rescue dogs responding to urban disasters.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2003;\n222(\n3):\n296\u2013\n304."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b33","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"305","article-title":"Management and prevention of toxicoses in search-and-rescue dogs responding to urban disasters","volume":"222","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wismer\nTA,\n\n\nMurphy\nLA,\n\n\nGwaltney-Brant\nSM,\n\n\n.\nManagement and prevention of toxicoses in search-and-rescue dogs responding to urban disasters.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2003;\n222(\n3):\n305\u2013\n10."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b34","series-title":"J Vet Behav","first-page":"103","article-title":"Validation of a selection protocol of dogs involved in animal-assisted intervention","volume":"10","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mongillo\nP,\n\n\nPitteri\nE,\n\n\nAdamelli\nS,\n\n\n.\nValidation of a selection protocol of dogs involved in animal-assisted intervention.\nJ Vet Behav2015;\n10:\n103\u2013\n10."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b35","article-title":"Program Requirements","unstructured":"Pet Partners.\n\nProgram Requirements.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/petpartners.org\/volunteer\/become-a-handler\/program-requirements\/#:\u223c:text=The%20three%20terms%20Pet%20Partners,your%20animal%20in%20any%20situation. Accessed October 14, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b36","series-title":"Am J Infect Control","first-page":"78","article-title":"Guidelines for animal-assisted interventions in health care facilities","volume":"36","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lefebvre\nSL,\n\n\nGolab\nGC,\n\n\nChristensen\nEL,\n\n\n.\nGuidelines for animal-assisted interventions in health care facilities.\nAm J Infect Control2008;\n36:\n78\u2013\n85."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b37","series-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol","first-page":"495","article-title":"Animals in healthcare facilities: recommendations to minimize potential risks","volume":"36","year":"2015","unstructured":"Murthy\nR,\n\n\nBearman\nG,\n\n\nBrown\nS,\n\n.\n\nAnimals in healthcare facilities: recommendations to minimize potential risks.\nInfect Control Hosp Epidemiol2015;\n36:\n495\u2013\n516."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b38","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"179","article-title":"Professionally- and self-trained service dogs: Benefits and challenges for partners with disabilities","volume":"6","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yamamoto\nM\n\n\nHart\nLA.\n\n\nProfessionally- and self-trained service dogs: Benefits and challenges for partners with disabilities.\nFront Vet Sci2019;\n6:\n179."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b39","article-title":"Canine Good Citizen","unstructured":"American Kennel Club.\n\nCanine Good Citizen.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.akc.org\/products-services\/training-programs\/canine-good-citizen\/training-resources\/. Accessed August 12, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b40","article-title":"2017 AAHA Canine Vaccination Guidelines","unstructured":"Ford\nRB,\n\n\nLarson\nLJ,\n\n\nSchultz\nRD,\n\n\n.\n2017 AAHA Canine Vaccination Guidelines.\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.aaha.org\/globalassets\/02-guidelines\/canine-vaccination\/vaccination_recommendation_for_general_practice_table.pdf. Accessed October 15, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b41","unstructured":"AAHA-AVMA Canine Preventive Healthcare Guidelines.\n\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.aaha.org\/globalassets\/02-guidelines\/preventive-healthcare\/caninepreventiveguidelines_ppph.pdf. Accessed October 15, 2020."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b42","series-title":"Working Dog Magazine","first-page":"52","article-title":"Mechanics of the bite: sleeve progressions in police canine training","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bradshaw\nJ.\n\n\nMechanics of the bite: sleeve progressions in police canine training.\nWorking Dog Magazine.\nJuly\u2013August2017;\n52\u2013\n9."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b43","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"397","article-title":"A review of the impact of neuter status on expression of inherited conditions in dogs","volume":"6","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oberbauer\nAM,\n\n\nBelanger\nJM,\n\n\nFamula\nTR.\n\n\nA review of the impact of neuter status on expression of inherited conditions in dogs.\nFront Vet Sci2019;\n6:\n397."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b44","series-title":"J Strength Cond Res","first-page":"1723","article-title":"Systematic review of the association between physical fitness and musculoskeletal injury risk: part 3\u2014flexibility, power, speed, balance, and agility","volume":"33","year":"2019","unstructured":"de la Motte\nSJ,\n\n\nLisman\nP,\n\n\nGribbin\nTC,\n\n\n.\nSystematic review of the association between physical fitness and musculoskeletal injury risk: part 3\u2014flexibility, power, speed, balance, and agility.\nJ Strength Cond Res2019;\n33:\n1723\u2013\n35."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b45","series-title":"J Athl Train","first-page":"20","article-title":"A school-based neuromuscular training program and sport-related injury incidence: a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"53","year":"2018","unstructured":"Foss\nKDB,\n\n\nThomas\nS,\n\n\nKhoury\nJC,\n\n\n.\nA school-based neuromuscular training program and sport-related injury incidence: a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial.\nJ Athl Train2018;\n53(\n1):\n20\u2013\n8."},{"issue":"9","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b46","series-title":"Am J Sports Med","first-page":"2415","article-title":"The efficacy of injury prevention programs in adolescent team sports: a meta-analysis","volume":"44","year":"2016","unstructured":"Soomro\nN,\n\n\nSanders\nR,\n\n\nHackett\nD,\n\n\n.\nThe efficacy of injury prevention programs in adolescent team sports: a meta-analysis.\nAm J Sports Med2016;\n44(\n9):\n2415\u2013\n24."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b47","series-title":"Sports Med","first-page":"1733","article-title":"Exercise-based injury prevention in child and adolescent sport: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"44","year":"2014","unstructured":"R\u00f6 ssler\nR,\n\n\nDonath\nL,\n\n\nVerhagen\nE,\n\n\n.\nExercise-based injury prevention in child and adolescent sport: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\nSports Med2014;\n44(\n12):\n1733\u2013\n48."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b48","series-title":"J Sport Rehabil","first-page":"465","article-title":"Balance improvements in female high school basketball players after a 6-week neuromuscular-training program","volume":"18","year":"2009","unstructured":"McLeod\nTC,\n\n\nArmstrong\nT,\n\n\nMiller\nM,\n\n\n.\nBalance improvements in female high school basketball players after a 6-week neuromuscular-training program.\nJ Sport Rehabil2009;\n18(\n4):\n465\u2013\n81."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b49","series-title":"Am J Sports Med","first-page":"1385","article-title":"The effect of a proprioceptive balance board training program for the prevention of ankle sprains: a prospective controlled trial","volume":"32","year":"2004","unstructured":"Verhagen\nE,\n\n\nvan der Beek\nA,\n\n\nTwisk\nJ,\n\n\n.\nThe effect of a proprioceptive balance board training program for the prevention of ankle sprains: a prospective controlled trial.\nAm J Sports Med2004;\n32(\n6):\n1385\u2013\n93."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b50","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","first-page":"417","article-title":"Behavioral considerations in the management of working dogs","volume":"33","year":"2003","unstructured":"Burghardt\nWF.\n\n\nBehavioral considerations in the management of working dogs.\nVet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract2003;\n33(\n2):\n417\u2013\n46."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b51","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"854","article-title":"Search-and-rescue dogs: an overview for veterinarians","volume":"225","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jones\nKE,\n\n\nDashfield\nK,\n\n\nDownend\nAB,\n\n\n.\nSearch-and-rescue dogs: an overview for veterinarians.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2004;\n225(\n6):\n854\u2013\n60."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b52","series-title":"J Environ Health","first-page":"12","article-title":"Medical surveillance of search dogs deployed to the World Trade Center and Pentagon: 2001\u20132006","volume":"73","year":"2010","unstructured":"Otto\nCM,\n\n\nDownend\nAB,\n\n\nMoore\nGE,\n\n\n.\nMedical surveillance of search dogs deployed to the World Trade Center and Pentagon: 2001\u20132006.\nJ Environ Health2010;\n73(\n2):\n12\u2013\n21."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b53","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"734","article-title":"Fifteen-year surveillance of search-and-rescue dogs deployed to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack sites: pathology associated with death or humane euthanasia","volume":"257","year":"2020","unstructured":"Otto\nCM,\n\n\nHare\nE,\n\n\nBuchweitz\nJP,\n\n\n.\nFifteen-year surveillance of search-and-rescue dogs deployed to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack sites: pathology associated with death or humane euthanasia.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2020;\n257:\n734\u2013\n43."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b54","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"209","article-title":"Causes of death or reasons for euthanasia in military working dogs: 927 cases (1993-1996)","volume":"219","year":"2001","unstructured":"Moore\nGE,\n\n\nBurkman\nKD,\n\n\nCarter\nMN,\n\n\n.\nCauses of death or reasons for euthanasia in military working dogs: 927 cases (1993-1996).\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2001;\n219(\n2):\n209\u2013\n14."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b55","series-title":"Br J Nutr","first-page":"793","article-title":"Diet restriction and ageing in the dog: Major observations over two decades","volume":"99","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lawler\nDF,\n\n\nLarson\nBT,\n\n\nBallam\nJM,\n\n\n.\nDiet restriction and ageing in the dog: Major observations over two decades.\nBr J Nutr2008;\n99(\n4):\n793\u2013\n805."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b56","series-title":"Aging Dis","first-page":"119","article-title":"Role of dietary protein and muscular fitness on longevity and aging","volume":"9","year":"2018","unstructured":"Strasser\nB,\n\n\nVolaklis\nK,\n\n\nFuchs\nD,\n\n\n.\nRole of dietary protein and muscular fitness on longevity and aging.\nAging Dis2018;\n9(\n1):\n119\u2013\n32."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b57","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"448","article-title":"Systematic review of efficacy of nutraceuticals to alleviate clinical signs of osteoarthritis","volume":"26","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vandeweerd\nJ-M,\n\n\nCoisnon\nC,\n\n\nClegg\nP,\n\n\n.\nSystematic review of efficacy of nutraceuticals to alleviate clinical signs of osteoarthritis.\nJ Vet Intern Med2012;\n26:\n448\u2013\n56."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b58","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"34","article-title":"Effects of a probiotic intervention in acute canine gastroenteritis \u2013 a controlled clinical trial","volume":"51","year":"2010","unstructured":"Herstad\nHK,\n\n\nNesheim\nBB,\n\n\nL\u2019ab\u00e9e-Lund\nT,\n\n\n.\nEffects of a probiotic intervention in acute canine gastroenteritis \u2013 a controlled clinical trial.\nJ Small Anim Pract2010;\n51:\n34\u2013\n8."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b59","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"906","article-title":"Effects of oral administration of metronidazole and doxycycline on olfactory capabilities of explosives detection dogs","volume":"77","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jenkins\nEK,\n\n\nLee-Fowler\nTM,\n\n\nAngle\nTC,\n\n\n.\nEffects of oral administration of metronidazole and doxycycline on olfactory capabilities of explosives detection dogs.\nAm J Vet Res2016;\n77:\n906\u2013\n12."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b60","series-title":"Drug Discov Today","first-page":"1398","article-title":"Olfactory drug effects approached from human-derived data","volume":"20","year":"2015","unstructured":"L\u00f6tsch\nJ,\n\n\nKnothe\nC,\n\n\nLippmann\nC,\n\n\n.\nOlfactory drug effects approached from human-derived data.\nDrug Discov Today2015;\n20(\n11):\n1398\u2013\n1406."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b61","series-title":"Canine Olfaction Science and Law.","first-page":"49","article-title":"Effects of Disease on Canine Olfaction","year":"2016","unstructured":"Otto\nCM.\n\n\nEffects of Disease on Canine Olfaction.\nIn:JezierskiT,EnsmingerJ,eds.Canine Olfaction Science and Law.Boca Raton (FL):\nTaylor & Francis\/CRC Press;\n2016:\n49\u2013\n56."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b62","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"56","article-title":"When the nose doesn\u2019t know: Canine olfactory function associated with health, management, and potential links to microbiota","volume":"5","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jenkins\nEK,\n\n\nDeChant\nMT,\n\n\nPerry\nEB.\n\n\nWhen the nose doesn\u2019t know: Canine olfactory function associated with health, management, and potential links to microbiota.\nFront Vet Sci2018;\n5:\n56."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b63","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"498","article-title":"The role of the canine gut microbiome and metabolome in health and gastrointestinal disease","volume":"6","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pilla\nR\n\n\nSuchodolski\nJS.\n\n\nThe role of the canine gut microbiome and metabolome in health and gastrointestinal disease.\nFront Vet Sci2020;\n6:\n498."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b64","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"868","article-title":"Deployment morbidity among search and rescue dogs","volume":"225","year":"2004","unstructured":"Slensky\nK,\n\n\nDrobatz\nKJ,\n\n\nDownend\nAB,\n\n\n.\nDeployment morbidity among search and rescue dogs.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2004;\n225(\n6):\n868\u2013\n73."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b65","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"396","article-title":"Injuries and illnesses among urban search-and-rescue dogs deployed to Haiti following the January 12, 2010, earthquake","volume":"240","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gordon\nLE.\n\n\nInjuries and illnesses among urban search-and-rescue dogs deployed to Haiti following the January 12, 2010, earthquake.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2012;\n240(\n4):\n396\u2013\n403."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b66","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"901","article-title":"Injuries and illnesses among Federal Emergency Management Agency-certified search-and recovery and search-and-rescue dogs deployed to Oso, Washington, following the March 22, 2014, State Route 530 landslide","volume":"247","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gordon\nLE.\n\n\nInjuries and illnesses among Federal Emergency Management Agency-certified search-and recovery and search-and-rescue dogs deployed to Oso, Washington, following the March 22, 2014, State Route 530 landslide.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2015;\n247(\n8):\n901\u2013\n8."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b67","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"144","article-title":"Environmental and physiological factors associated with stamina in dogs exercising in high ambient temperatures","volume":"4","year":"2017","unstructured":"Robbins\nPJ,\n\n\nRamos\nMT,\n\n\nZanghi\nBM,\n\n\n.\nEnvironmental and physiological factors associated with stamina in dogs exercising in high ambient temperatures.\nFront Vet Sci2017;\n4:\n144."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b68","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"292","article-title":"A randomized cross-over field study of pre-hydration strategies in dogs tracking in hot environments","volume":"7","year":"2020","unstructured":"Niedermeyer\nGM,\n\n\nHare\nE,\n\n\nBrunker\nL,\n\n\n.\nA randomized cross-over field study of pre-hydration strategies in dogs tracking in hot environments.\nFront Vet Sci2020;\n7:\n292."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b69","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1215","article-title":"Causes for discharge of military working dogs from service: 268 cases (2000\u20132004)","volume":"231","year":"2007","unstructured":"Evans\nRI,\n\n\nHerbold\nJR,\n\n\nBradshaw\nBS,\n\n\n.\nCauses for discharge of military working dogs from service: 268 cases (2000\u20132004).\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2007;\n231(\n8):\n1215\u2013\n20."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b70","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"123","article-title":"Evaluation of skin turgor and capillary refill time as predictors of dehydration in exercising dogs","volume":"80","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goucher\nTK,\n\n\nHartzell\nAM,\n\n\nSeales\nTS,\n\n\n.\nEvaluation of skin turgor and capillary refill time as predictors of dehydration in exercising dogs.\nAm J Vet Res2019;\n80:\n123\u2013\n8."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b71","series-title":"Handbook of Veterinary Pain Management.","first-page":"163","article-title":"Opioids","year":"2009","unstructured":"Epstein\nME.\n\n\nOpioids.\nIn:GaynorJS,MuirWWIII,eds.Handbook of Veterinary Pain Management.3rd ed.\nSt. Louis:\nElsevier;\n2009:\n163\u2013\n82."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b72","series-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care.","article-title":"The first responder exposure to contaminating powder on dog fur during intranasal and intramuscular naloxone administration","unstructured":"Essler\nJL,\n\n\nSmith\nPG,\n\n\nRuge\nCE,\n\n\n.\nThe first responder exposure to contaminating powder on dog fur during intranasal and intramuscular naloxone administration.\nJ Vet Emerg Crit Care.In press."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b73","series-title":"Anthrozoos","first-page":"323","article-title":"Interactions between handler well-being and canine health and behavior in search and rescue teams","volume":"25","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hunt\nM,\n\n\nOtto\nCM,\n\n\nSerpell\nJ,\n\n\n.\nInteractions between handler well-being and canine health and behavior in search and rescue teams.\nAnthrozoos2012;\n25(\n3):\n323\u2013\n35."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b74","series-title":"Vet Med Int","first-page":"385640","article-title":"Antibiotic treatment of dogs and cats during pregnancy","volume":"2010","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rubeulto\nM\n\n\nLoza\nME.\n\n\nAntibiotic treatment of dogs and cats during pregnancy.\nVet Med Int2010;\n2010:\n385640."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b75","series-title":"BMC Vet Res","first-page":"86","article-title":"Multiple midline defects identified in a litter of golden retrievers following gestational administration of prednisone and doxycycline: a case series","volume":"14","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kaplan\nJL,\n\n\nGunther-Harrington\nCT,\n\n\nSutton\nJ,\n\n\n.\nMultiple midline defects identified in a litter of golden retrievers following gestational administration of prednisone and doxycycline: a case series.\nBMC Vet Res2018;\n14:\n86."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b76","series-title":"Current Veterinary Therapy X: Small Animal Practice.","first-page":"1291","article-title":"Effects of drugs on pregnancy","year":"1989","unstructured":"Papich\nM.\n\n\nEffects of drugs on pregnancy.\nIn:KirkR,ed.Current Veterinary Therapy X: Small Animal Practice.Philadelphia:\nSaunders;\n1989:\n1291\u2013\n9."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b77","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1719","article-title":"Evaluation of risk factors for degenerative joint disease associated with hip dysplasia in German Shepherd dogs, golden retrievers, Labrador retrievers and rottweilers","volume":"219","year":"2001","unstructured":"Smith\nGK,\n\n\nMayhew\nPD,\n\n\nKapatkin\nAS,\n\n\n.\nEvaluation of risk factors for degenerative joint disease associated with hip dysplasia in German Shepherd dogs, golden retrievers, Labrador retrievers and rottweilers.\nJ Am Vet Med Assoc2001;\n219(\n2):\n1719\u2013\n24."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b78","series-title":"Vet J","first-page":"124","article-title":"Using the incidence and impact of health conditions in guide dogs to investigate healthy ageing in working dogs","volume":"207","year":"2016","unstructured":"Caron-Lormier\nG,\n\n\nEngland\nGC,\n\n\nGreen\nMJ,\n\n\n.\nUsing the incidence and impact of health conditions in guide dogs to investigate healthy ageing in working dogs.\nVet J2016;\n207:\n124\u2013\n30."},{"key":"i1547-3317-57-6-253-b79","unstructured":"APHIS Pet Travel.\n\nAvailable at: https:\/\/www.aphis.usda.gov\/aphis\/pet-travel. 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