{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T01:04:07Z","timestamp":1772327047610,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Animal Hospital Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia pachydermatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a commensal of canines associated with\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    dermatitis. Consensus guidelines recommend topical and\/or systemic treatment, but resistance to antifungals has been reported. The objective of this pilot study was to determine the efficacy of a 0.003% colloidal silver nanoparticle-based shampoo in the treatment of canine\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    dermatitis. Dogs were included based on compatible history, presentation, and at least one positive cytology. Fourteen privately owned dogs were bathed every 48 hr for up to 28 days, allowing 5\u201310 min of contact time. The mean\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    organisms for 10 oil immersion fields at each\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    dermatitis\u2013affected body area was recorded at days 0 and 14. Dogs positive on day 14 had cytologies performed on day 28. Eleven dogs (78.6%) were cytologically negative by day 28. Nine (81.8%) of these were negative by day 14. One dog (7.14%) had partial resolution (negative in 3\/4\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    dermatitis areas) by day 28. These results suggest that silver nanoparticle-based shampoo may be effective in the treatment of canine\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    dermatitis. Larger, controlled studies are needed to further investigate efficacy, optimal concentration, and ideal application frequency.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5326\/jaaha-ms-7286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]],"date-time":"2022-12-30T14:25:51Z","timestamp":1672410351000},"page":"7-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Efficacy of a Silver-Based Shampoo for Treatment of Canine Malassezia: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.5326","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Selene","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Allergy, Skin, and Ear Clinic for Pets, Livonia, Michigan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Bloom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Allergy, Skin, and Ear Clinic for Pets, Livonia, Michigan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3280","reference":[{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b1","series-title":"Muller and Kirk\u2019s small animal dermatology.","first-page":"243","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miller\n              W\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tGriffinC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCampbellK.\n          \n            Muller and Kirk\u2019s small animal dermatology.\n          7th ed.\n\t\t\t\t\tSt Louis:\n\t\t\t\t\tElsevier;\n\t\t\t\t\t2012:243\u20139."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b2","series-title":"Vet Dermatol","first-page":"28","article-title":"Biology, diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats","volume":"31","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bond\n              R\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBensignorE,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKanoR.\n          Biology, diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats.\n\t\t\t\t\tVet Dermatol2020;31:28\u201374."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b3","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"566","article-title":"Comparison of two shampoos for the treatment of canine Malassezia dermatitis: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"52","year":"2011","unstructured":"Maynard\n              L\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRemeCA,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tViaudS.\n          Comparison of two shampoos for the treatment of canine Malassezia dermatitis: a randomised controlled trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Small Anim Pract2011;52:566\u201372."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b4","series-title":"Med Mycol","first-page":"346","article-title":"Multi-azole-resistant strain of Malassezia pachydermatis isolated from a canine Malassezia dermatitis","volume":"57","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kano\n              R\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tYokoiS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKariyaN,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tMulti-azole-resistant strain of Malassezia pachydermatis isolated from a canine Malassezia dermatitis.\n\t\t\t\t\tMed Mycol2019;57:346\u201350."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b5","series-title":"Folia Vet","first-page":"15","article-title":"Antifungal susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatitis isolates from dogs","volume":"63","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sihelsk\u00e1\n              Z\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u010conkov\u00e1E,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tV\u00e1cziP,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tAntifungal susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatitis isolates from dogs.\n\t\t\t\t\tFolia Vet2019;63:15\u201320."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b6","series-title":"Biometals","first-page":"235","article-title":"Antifungal activity and mode of action of silver nano-particles on Candida albicans","volume":"22","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim\n              K\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSang SungW,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKyoung SuhB,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMoonS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tAntifungal activity and mode of action of silver nano-particles on Candida albicans.\n\t\t\t\t\tBiometals2009;22:235\u201342."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b7","series-title":"J Nanobiotechnology","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of silver nanoparticles on Candida albicans biofilms: an ultrastructural study","volume":"13","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lara\n              HH\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRomera-UrbinaDG,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPierceC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tEffect of silver nanoparticles on Candida albicans biofilms: an ultrastructural study.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Nanobiotechnology2015;13:1\u201312."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b8","series-title":"Silver nanoparticles.","first-page":"295","article-title":"The silver nanoparticle (Nano-Ag): a new model for antifungal agents","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee\n              J\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKimKJ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSang SungW,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tThe silver nanoparticle (Nano-Ag): a new model for antifungal agents.\n\t\t\t\t\tIn:PozoDP,\n\t\t\t\t\ted.Silver nanoparticles.1st ed.\n\t\t\t\t\tCroatia:\n\t\t\t\t\tInTech;\n\t\t\t\t\t2010:295\u2013308."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b9","series-title":"Int J Nanomedicine","first-page":"147","article-title":"Size- and shape-dependent clinical and mycological efficacy of silver nanoparticles on dandruff","volume":"11","year":"2016","unstructured":"Anwar\n              MF\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tYadavD,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tJainS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tSize- and shape-dependent clinical and mycological efficacy of silver nanoparticles on dandruff.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Nanomedicine2016;11:147\u201361."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b10","series-title":"AMB Express","first-page":"131","article-title":"Antifungal activity of silver nano-particles in combination with ketoconazole against Malassezia furfur","volume":"9","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mussin\n              JE\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRoldanMV,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRojasF,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tAntifungal activity of silver nano-particles in combination with ketoconazole against Malassezia furfur.\n\t\t\t\t\tAMB Express2019;9:131\u201340."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b11","series-title":"RSC Advances","first-page":"11064","article-title":"Anti-Malassezia furfur activity of natural surfactant mediated in situ silver nanoparticles for a better antidandruff shampoo formulation","volume":"6","year":"2015","unstructured":"Korukonda\n              JR\n            \n            \n              Paria\n              S.\n            \n          \n          Anti-Malassezia furfur activity of natural surfactant mediated in situ silver nanoparticles for a better antidandruff shampoo formulation.\n\t\t\t\t\tRSC Advances2015;6:11064\u20139."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b12","series-title":"Med Mycol","first-page":"863","article-title":"Antifungal susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatis biofilm","volume":"8","year":"2013","unstructured":"Figueredo\n              LA\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCafarchiaC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tOtrantoD.\n          Antifungal susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatis biofilm.\n\t\t\t\t\tMed Mycol2013;8:863\u20137."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b13","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1048","article-title":"Quantity and distribution of Malassezia organisms on the skin of clinically normal dogs","volume":"208","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kennis\n              RA\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRosserEJ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tOlivierNB,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tQuantity and distribution of Malassezia organisms on the skin of clinically normal dogs.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Vet Med Assoc1996;208:1048\u201351."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b1","series-title":"Muller and Kirk\u2019s small animal dermatology.","first-page":"243","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miller\n              W\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tGriffinC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCampbellK.\n          \n            Muller and Kirk\u2019s small animal dermatology.\n          7th ed.\n\t\t\t\t\tSt Louis:\n\t\t\t\t\tElsevier;\n\t\t\t\t\t2012:243\u20139."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b2","series-title":"Vet Dermatol","first-page":"28","article-title":"Biology, diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats","volume":"31","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bond\n              R\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBensignorE,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKanoR.\n          Biology, diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats.\n\t\t\t\t\tVet Dermatol2020;31:28\u201374."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b3","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","first-page":"566","article-title":"Comparison of two shampoos for the treatment of canine Malassezia dermatitis: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"52","year":"2011","unstructured":"Maynard\n              L\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRemeCA,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tViaudS.\n          Comparison of two shampoos for the treatment of canine Malassezia dermatitis: a randomised controlled trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Small Anim Pract2011;52:566\u201372."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b4","series-title":"Med Mycol","first-page":"346","article-title":"Multi-azole-resistant strain of Malassezia pachydermatis isolated from a canine Malassezia dermatitis","volume":"57","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kano\n              R\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tYokoiS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKariyaN,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tMulti-azole-resistant strain of Malassezia pachydermatis isolated from a canine Malassezia dermatitis.\n\t\t\t\t\tMed Mycol2019;57:346\u201350."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b5","series-title":"Folia Vet","first-page":"15","article-title":"Antifungal susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatitis isolates from dogs","volume":"63","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sihelsk\u00e1\n              Z\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u010conkov\u00e1E,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tV\u00e1cziP,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tAntifungal susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatitis isolates from dogs.\n\t\t\t\t\tFolia Vet2019;63:15\u201320."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b6","series-title":"Biometals","first-page":"235","article-title":"Antifungal activity and mode of action of silver nano-particles on Candida albicans","volume":"22","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim\n              K\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSang SungW,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKyoung SuhB,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMoonS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tAntifungal activity and mode of action of silver nano-particles on Candida albicans.\n\t\t\t\t\tBiometals2009;22:235\u201342."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b7","series-title":"J Nanobiotechnology","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of silver nanoparticles on Candida albicans biofilms: an ultrastructural study","volume":"13","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lara\n              HH\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRomera-UrbinaDG,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPierceC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tEffect of silver nanoparticles on Candida albicans biofilms: an ultrastructural study.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Nanobiotechnology2015;13:1\u201312."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b8","series-title":"Silver nanoparticles.","first-page":"295","article-title":"The silver nanoparticle (Nano-Ag): a new model for antifungal agents","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee\n              J\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKimKJ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSang SungW,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tThe silver nanoparticle (Nano-Ag): a new model for antifungal agents.\n\t\t\t\t\tIn:PozoDP,\n\t\t\t\t\ted.Silver nanoparticles.1st ed.\n\t\t\t\t\tCroatia:\n\t\t\t\t\tInTech;\n\t\t\t\t\t2010:295\u2013308."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b9","series-title":"Int J Nanomedicine","first-page":"147","article-title":"Size- and shape-dependent clinical and mycological efficacy of silver nanoparticles on dandruff","volume":"11","year":"2016","unstructured":"Anwar\n              MF\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tYadavD,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tJainS,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tSize- and shape-dependent clinical and mycological efficacy of silver nanoparticles on dandruff.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Nanomedicine2016;11:147\u201361."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b10","series-title":"AMB Express","first-page":"131","article-title":"Antifungal activity of silver nano-particles in combination with ketoconazole against Malassezia furfur","volume":"9","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mussin\n              JE\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRoldanMV,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRojasF,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tAntifungal activity of silver nano-particles in combination with ketoconazole against Malassezia furfur.\n\t\t\t\t\tAMB Express2019;9:131\u201340."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b11","series-title":"RSC Advances","first-page":"11064","article-title":"Anti-Malassezia furfur activity of natural surfactant mediated in situ silver nanoparticles for a better antidandruff shampoo formulation","volume":"6","year":"2015","unstructured":"Korukonda\n              JR\n            \n            \n              Paria\n              S.\n            \n          \n          Anti-Malassezia furfur activity of natural surfactant mediated in situ silver nanoparticles for a better antidandruff shampoo formulation.\n\t\t\t\t\tRSC Advances2015;6:11064\u20139."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b12","series-title":"Med Mycol","first-page":"863","article-title":"Antifungal susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatis biofilm","volume":"8","year":"2013","unstructured":"Figueredo\n              LA\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCafarchiaC,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tOtrantoD.\n          Antifungal susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatis biofilm.\n\t\t\t\t\tMed Mycol2013;8:863\u20137."},{"key":"i1547-3317-59-1-7-b13","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1048","article-title":"Quantity and distribution of Malassezia organisms on the skin of clinically normal dogs","volume":"208","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kennis\n              RA\n            ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRosserEJ,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tOlivierNB,\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          .\n\t\t\t\t\tQuantity and distribution of Malassezia organisms on the skin of clinically normal dogs.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Vet Med Assoc1996;208:1048\u201351."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Animal Hospital 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