{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T20:37:24Z","timestamp":1768423044296,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ubiquity Press, Ltd.","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["gh"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To determine the feasibility of home blood pressure telemonitoring (HBPT) in Kenya and explore its effects on blood pressure (BP) regulation, self-reported drug adherence, patient- and healthcare provider satisfaction, and required telemonitoring time investment.\nMethods: Six-month single-arm interventional feasibility study. Hundred adults with newly diagnosed or known hypertension with an office BP &gt; 140\/90 mmHg were provided with a BP machine and were enrolled in an HBPT program. Primary outcome was BP control (% BP &lt; 140\/90 mmHg) between baseline and T = 6 months (SPRINT standardized in-office blood pressure measurement). Secondary outcomes included self-reported adherence (MARS-5 scale), patient- and healthcare provider satisfaction (TUQ and MAUQ questionnaires), and efficiency (time spent processing the blood pressure telemonitoring data).\nResults: Between March 2024 and January 2025, 100 patients gave informed consent to participate in the study. Eighty-four patients (mean age 54, SD = 14, 73% females) completed the six-month follow-up and were included in the final analysis. Blood pressure control improved from 0% to 72% after six months (P &lt; 0.0001). Median MARS-5 score at baseline was 25 (IQR 25\u201325) and remained 25 (IQR 25\u201325) at T = 6 months. Patient satisfaction scores were high with a median mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ) score (range 1\u20137) of 7 (IQR 6.97\u20137) and a median Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ) (range 1\u20137) score of 6.95 (IQR 6.86\u20137). Patients participated for an average of 9.2 months in the telemonitoring program and required an E-nurse time investment of 51.7 minutes to process BP data.\nConclusions: HBPT is feasible and improved BP control in a rural setting with limited time investments and high patient- and healthcare provider satisfaction rates.\nTrial Registration: This study is registered with the Pan African Clinical Trial registration (pactr.samrc.ac.za, trial ID: PACTR202408912454189).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5334\/gh.1516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T10:43:45Z","timestamp":1768387425000},"page":"1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Home Blood Pressure Telemonitoring and Hypertension Management in Kenya: A Feasibility Study (HBPT-K)"],"prefix":"10.5334","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5062-5397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Job","family":"van Steenkiste","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2086-4562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lilian","family":"Mbau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Nguchu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0217-4592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kennedy","family":"Okinda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruben","family":"de Neef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9772-0385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernard","family":"Samia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1738-914X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daan","family":"Dohmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20260114104337_B1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Kenya, Top causes of Death. 2021. Available from: data.who.int\/countries\/404."},{"key":"key20260114104337_B2","volume-title":"Health sector strategic and investment plan (KHSSP), July 2013\u2013June 2017","author":"Ministry of Health","year":"2013"},{"issue":"2","key":"key20260114104337_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.21.0051","article-title":"Case identification, retention and blood pressure control in Kenya","volume":"12","year":"2022","journal-title":"Public Health Action"},{"issue":"10022","key":"key20260114104337_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01225-8","article-title":"Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"387","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"17","key":"key20260114104337_B5","article-title":"Global burden, regional differences, trends, and health consequences of medication nonadherence for hypertension during 2010 to 2020: a meta-analysis involving 27 million patients","volume":"11","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"key20260114104337_B6","first-page":"1128","volume-title":"J Clin Hypertens","year":"2018"},{"key":"key20260114104337_B7","article-title":"Management of arterial hypertension: home blood pressure measurement is a cornerstone for telemonitoring and self-management","volume":"9","year":"2023","journal-title":"mHealth"},{"issue":"7","key":"key20260114104337_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2016.99","article-title":"Effectiveness of home blood pressure telemonitoring: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies","volume":"31","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"issue":"4","key":"key20260114104337_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjdh\/ztac049","article-title":"Automatic transmission of home blood pressure data can be effective in managing hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Digit Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"key20260114104337_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18153","article-title":"Home blood pressure telemonitoring with remote hypertension management in a rural and low-income population","volume":"78","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"10","key":"key20260114104337_B11","article-title":"Opportunities to leverage telehealth approaches along the hypertension control cascade in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"21","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"key":"key20260114104337_B12","unstructured":"Communications Authority of Kenya. Mobile, Data, and Digital Services on the Rise. CA Report: Kenya Communications Authority; 2025. Available from: https:\/\/www.ca.go.ke\/mobile-data-and-digital-services-rise-ca-report-shows."},{"key":"key20260114104337_B13","article-title":"CONSORT 2010 statement: extension to randomised pilot and feasibility trials","volume":"355","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key20260114104337_B14","unstructured":"Luscii. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/luscii.com\/en\/home."},{"issue":"16","key":"key20260114104337_B15","article-title":"Home blood pressure telemonitoring in the Netherlands: a pilot study in GP practices","volume":"2","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Digit Health"},{"key":"key20260114104337_B16","article-title":"Patient engagement in a hybrid care pathway for hypertension: Not one size fits all","volume":"11","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Patient Exp"},{"issue":"12","key":"key20260114104337_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003480","article-title":"2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension: endorsed by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) and the European Renal Association (ERA)","volume":"41","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"25","key":"key20260114104337_B18","volume":"377","author":"A randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"key20260114104337_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14193","article-title":"The Medication Adherence Report Scale: a measurement tool for eliciting patients\u2019 reports of nonadherence","volume":"86","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"key20260114104337_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.5195\/ijt.2016.6196","article-title":"Development of the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ)","volume":"8","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Telerehabil"},{"issue":"4","key":"key20260114104337_B21","article-title":"The mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ): development and validation study","volume":"7","year":"2019","journal-title":"JMIR mHealth uHealth"},{"issue":"1","key":"key20260114104337_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.6549","article-title":"Effect of home blood pressure telemonitoring and pharmacist management on blood pressure control: a cluster randomized clinical trial","volume":"310","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key20260114104337_B23","unstructured":"Microsoft. Microsoft Excel. 2018. Available from: https:\/\/office.microsoft.com\/excel."},{"key":"key20260114104337_B24","unstructured":"R Project. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R foundation for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria; 2021. Available from: https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/"},{"issue":"5","key":"key20260114104337_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2016.80","article-title":"Factors associated with false-positive self-reported adherence to antihypertensive drugs","volume":"31","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"key20260114104337_B26","first-page":"1","volume-title":"J Clin Hypertens","year":"2009"},{"issue":"3","key":"key20260114104337_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32835ca8dd","article-title":"Clinical usefulness and cost effectiveness of home blood pressure telemonitoring: meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies","volume":"31","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"23","key":"key20260114104337_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.23.3043","volume":"284","author":"World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"key20260114104337_B29","article-title":"The importance of Good Clinical Practice guidelines and its role in clinical trials","volume":"4","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomed Imaging Interv J"}],"container-title":["Global Heart"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/account.globalheartjournal.com\/index.php\/up-j-gh\/article\/download\/1516\/2204","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/account.globalheartjournal.com\/index.php\/up-j-gh\/article\/download\/1516\/2205","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/account.globalheartjournal.com\/index.php\/up-j-gh\/article\/download\/1516\/2206","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/account.globalheartjournal.com\/index.php\/up-j-gh\/article\/download\/1516\/2207","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/account.globalheartjournal.com\/index.php\/up-j-gh\/article\/download\/1516\/2204","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T11:30:26Z","timestamp":1768390226000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/account.globalheartjournal.com\/index.php\/up-j-gh\/article\/view\/1516"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/gh.1516","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-8179","2211-8160"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-8179","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2211-8160","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]}}}